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2011 | 7 | 3 | 186-198

Article title

Postępowanie z chorym po zawale serca

Content

Title variants

EN
Treatment of patient after myocardial infarction

Languages of publication

EN PL

Abstracts

EN
Coronary artery disease (CAD) or ischaemic heart disease caused by atherosclerosis is the most common form of cardiovascular disease. CAD leads to acute coronary syndrome which is the clinical syndrome caused by new or growing interruption or occlusion of blood supply to a part of the heart, causing heart cells to die and myocardial infarction. Patient after myocardial infarction is at great cardiovascular risk and has high possibility of next cardiovascular incidents, such as myocardial infarction, stroke or cardiovascular death. Correct treatment of patient after myocardial infarction facilitates cardiovascular risk reduction and improves the prognosis. Secondary prevention after myocardial infarction includes non-pharmacological management – modification of life style – and pharmacological treatment. The most important is elimination of risk factors: smoking cessation, proper control of blood pressure, normalization of cholesterol level, reduction of overweight and regular physical activity. Patient awareness and physician commitment are essential for achieving beneficial effects of secondary prevention after myocardial infarction. This paper describes the recommendations for patient after myocardial infarction as far as non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic treatment according to contemporary guidelines are concerned. There are specific situations, such as concomitant diseases: hypertension, diabetes, left ventricle dysfunction and heart failure, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that require modified approach.
PL
Choroba wieńcowa, czyli choroba niedokrwienna serca na podłożu miażdżycy tętnic wieńcowych, stanowi niezwykle istotny problem kliniczny. Jej bezpośrednim i często nieuchronnym następstwem jest zawał mięśnia serca. Zawał najczęściej jest spowodowany zamknięciem tętnicy wieńcowej w wyniku uszkodzenia blaszki miażdżycowej (jej pęknięcia lub erozji) z następowym wytworzeniem dystalnego zakrzepu i powoduje zniszczenie prawidłowo działającego mięśnia sercowego. Chory po przebytym zawale mięśnia serca należy do grupy pacjentów obciążonych wysokim ryzykiem sercowo-naczyniowym, a więc zagrożony jest wystąpieniem kolejnych incydentów, takich jak zawał, udar mózgu i zgon. Prawidłowe postępowanie po przebytym zawale pozwala na istotną redukcję ryzyka i korzystnie wpływa na rokowanie. Prewencja wtórna po zawale serca obejmuje postępowanie niefarmakologiczne, czyli modyfikację stylu życia, i leczenie farmakologiczne. Największe znaczenie ma wyeliminowanie czynników ryzyka, tj. zaprzestanie palenia papierosów, prawidłowa kontrola ciśnienia tętniczego i normalizacja poziomu cholesterolu, a także redukcja nadwagi i systematyczna aktywność fizyczna. Świadomość pacjentów i zaangażowanie lekarzy są decydujące dla osiągnięcia korzystnych efektów prewencji wtórnej po zawale serca. Artykuł przedstawia zasady, którym powinien podlegać każdy chory po zawale mięśnia serca, uwzględnia zalecenia dotyczące postępowania niefarmakologicznego, wytyczne dotyczące odpowiedniej farmakoterapii według aktualnych standardów. W pracy uwzględniono również zasady postępowania z chorym po zawale w sytuacjach szczególnych, jakimi są choroby współistniejące, takie jak nadciśnienie tętnicze, cukrzyca, dysfunkcja lewej komory i niewydolność serca, przewlekła choroba nerek, przewlekła obturacyjna choroba płuc.

Discipline

Year

Volume

7

Issue

3

Pages

186-198

Physical description

Contributors

  • Klinika Kardiologii i Chorób Wewnętrznych, Oddział Kardiologii Nieinwazyjnej i Telemedycyny, Wojskowy Instytut Medyczny w Warszawie. Kierownik Oddziału: dr hab. n. med. Andrzej Skrobowski, prof. nadzw.
  • Klinika Kardiologii i Chorób Wewnętrznych, Oddział Kardiologii Nieinwazyjnej i Telemedycyny, Wojskowy Instytut Medyczny w Warszawie. Kierownik Oddziału: dr hab. n. med. Andrzej Skrobowski, prof. nadzw.
  • Klinika Kardiologii i Chorób Wewnętrznych, Oddział Kardiologii Nieinwazyjnej i Telemedycyny, Wojskowy Instytut Medyczny w Warszawie. Kierownik Oddziału: dr hab. n. med. Andrzej Skrobowski, prof. nadzw.

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article

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bwmeta1.element.psjd-0288ebf8-7482-4bff-ab31-e3d0a96517a0
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