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  1. 50 Acta Physica Polonica A

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  1. 12 2017

  2. 8 2016

  3. 14 2015

  4. 7 2014

  5. 1 2013

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  1. 6 Karaçalı Ö.

  2. 4 Ekici M.

  3. 4 Ozsarac U.

  4. 4 Ozsoy M.

  5. 3 Bohlen J.

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1
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An Investigation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Sn-9Zn-xCr Alloys Produced by Investment Casting Method

100%
Yavuzer B., Ozyurek D.
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EN
In this study, the microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated of different amount Cr (0.1%, 0.5%, 0.9%) added Sn-9Zn eutectic alloys and Weibull statistical analyses were evaluated using ultimate tensile strength. Pure elements (Sn, Zn, Cr) were used for production of alloys and pre-alloying was done and waited in the electrical resistance furnace at 450°C for 1 h to homogenized and poured as ingot in plaster moulds. Then pre-alloyed Sn-9Zn-xCr ingots were melted and poured at 300°C in ceramic moulds prepared investment casting method. As a result of the study, the highest hardness and ultimate tensile strength values were measured in the Sn-9Zn alloy with 0.1% Cr. It was determined that while ultimate tensile strength was decreased, percentage of elongation was increased by increase of Cr amount. According to the Weibull statistical analyses results, the highest Weibull module was calculated by Sn-9Zn-0.1Cr alloy ultimate tensile strength values.
2
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Mechanical Properties of Zn-Ni-SiO_2 Coating Deposited under X-ray Irradiation

100%
Poliak N., Anishchik V., Valko N., Karwat C., Kozak C., Opielak M.
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vol. 125
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issue 6
1415-1417
EN
Using X-ray microanalysis and scanning electron microscopy Zn-Ni-SiO_2 plating containing SiO_2 nanoparticles were studied. It was found that X-ray irradiation of the electrolyte leads to the increased Ni concentration in Zn-Ni-SiO_2(X) films and the grain size is also increasing (the grain size is twice that in the unirradiated case). A thickness of Zn-Ni-SiO_2(X) plating is 20 μm and a thickness of the Zn-Ni-SiO_2 plating is about 15 μm. The surface morphology was studied using AFM method. Increasing Ni concentration and Ni_5Zn_{21} phase due to X-Ray irradiation of the electrolyte leading to the improved mechanical properties of the coating.
3
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Dynamic Behavior of a Clayey Sand Reinforced with Polypropylene Fiber

63%
Bozyigit I., Tanrınıan N., Karakan E., Sezer A., Erdoğan D., Altun S.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2017
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vol. 132
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issue 3
674-678
EN
It is a well-identified fact that more elaborate laboratory studies should be carried out for evaluation of dynamic properties of different types of soils. Regardless of the mechanisms affecting the mechanical behaviour of the soils, past studies reveal that existence of fiber positively affects the strength of either cohesive or non-cohesive soils. A short literature survey provides numerous studies on the stress-strain behaviour of fine/coarse soils, reinforced by polypropylene fiber. On the other hand, studies concerning fiber reinforced soils subjected to dynamic loading are relatively rare. Therefore, in this research it was intended to investigate the effects of polypropylene fiber inclusion on the dynamic behavior of a clayey sand soil, within an experimental framework. In this scope, a number of cyclic triaxial compression tests were conducted to assess the effect of fiber presence. The effects of fiber length and content were experimentally evaluated. Hence, the variation of shear modulus ratio and damping ratio values by shear deformation was plotted to observe the effects of fiber length and inclusion level as well. The results are presented along with detailed evaluations.
4
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Mechanical Properties of Chopped Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites

63%
Ozsoy N., Ozsoy M., Mimaroglu A.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2016
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vol. 130
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issue 1
297-299
EN
An experimental study has been carried out to investigate tensile, bending, impact and hardness properties of chopped carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites. Four different weight fractions (0%, 6%, 8%, 10%) were added as reinforcement to composites. The samples were manufactured by using a special designed mold. Tests were carried out according to the ASTM standards. Results of the tests have shown that hardness increases with the increasing amount of carbon fiber in composites. Tensile, bending and impact performances have increased up to 8% of carbon fiber in the composite and then started to decrease.
5
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Determination of the Fatigue Behavior of a Wheel Rim Using Finite Element Analysis

63%
Esener E., Ercan S., Firat M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2017
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vol. 132
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issue 3
617-619
EN
Automobile wheel rims are critical elements that work under fatigue loading. For this reason, it is very important to determine fatigue damage of the wheel rims. Today, finite element analysis is used to make accurate predictions. In this study, it is aimed to determine Chaboche damage model parameters for an aluminium alloy wheel rim. Msc Marc software is used for finite element analysis. First, Chaboche damage model parameters are obtained using simple Holloman equation for finite element analysis. Model parameters are validated by single element tests. Then, fatigue behaviour of an automobile wheel rim is analysed with verified Chaboche parameters. At last, critical areas under fatigue loading are identified on the wheel rim.
6
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Comparison of Mechanical Behaviour of Carbon and Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites

63%
Ozsoy N., Mimaroğlu A., Ozsoy M., Ozsoy M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 127
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issue 4
1032-1034
EN
An experimental study has been carried out to investigate tensile and bending properties of carbon fiber (CFRE) and glass fiber-reinforced (GFRE) epoxy composites. Three different fiber orientations were applied, 0°, 90° and [0°, 90°]. The laminates were obtained by manual lay-up process. The samples were evaluated by tensile tests according to the ASTM D3039 and bending tests according to the ASTM D790. Experimental results showed that maximum tensile strengths were observed at 0° fiber direction for the both CFRE and GFRE composites. With respect to their tension properties, the CFRE samples had better performance than the GFRE samples, except for the 90° orientation. Three point bending tests proved that in all orientations CFRE composites had better performance, compared to GFRE composites.
7
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Computer Aided Structral Analysis of a Tie Rod End

63%
Ozsoy M., Pehlivan M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 128
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issue 2B
B-488-B-490
EN
The tie rod end is one of the most elementary parts of a steering mechanism, which has direct and crucial importance in terms of driving safety. The main function of this part is to transfer the routing, coming from the steering linkage, to steering knuckle via tie rot arm. In this study the structural analysis of a tie rod end part for a van-type vehicle is carried out by finite element (FE) modeling of the body, the joint and the bearing. Hence, unlike the previous studies in literature, each component of the tie rod end is included in FE model and a complete assembly is analyzed by means of contact interactions between parts. The analyses for the joint assembly are carried out for different possible tie-end orientations, and by this modeling approach, the stress variations and deformation characteristics of each component are investigated for different operational loading conditions.
8
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Effect of Incorporation of Granite and Marble Rejects in Clay Brick Products: Physico-Mechanical Analysis

51%
Dhanapandian S., Manoharan C., Ramkumar T., Gnanavel B., Sutharsan P., Shanthi M.
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issue 4
688-695
EN
The objective of this work is to characterize and evaluate the effect of incorporation of granite and marble rejects on the properties and microstructure development of three different clay materials used to fabricate brick materials in the brick industry. The raw materials are characterized with respect to their chemical composition by X-ray fluorescence, particle size distribution and mineralogical composition by X-ray diffraction and plasticity. Compositions have been prepared with additions of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt% reject in three different clay material from Tamilnadu State, India, and fired at temperatures from 500 to 900°C in laboratory furnace. The behaviour of mixtures containing 80 wt% clay material + 20 wt% reject is discussed in detail. The technological properties of briquette specimens such as flexural rupture strength, water absorption, porosity and bulk density were determined. The microstructure of the fired briquette specimens were observed by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, Mössbauer spectroscopy. The results of the above studies show that incorporations of granite and marble rejects up to 50 wt% is potential to the industrial clay brick products, with no major sacrifice on the properties of the final product, anticipating no costly modifications in the industrial production line.
9
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Computational Engineering Analysis of Low-Cycle Loading for AMF-Active Micro Forceps 316 L-Stainless Steel Material by Finite Element Method

51%
Karaçalı Ö.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 128
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issue 2B
B-40-B-42
EN
Antagonistic contact on tips of active micro forceps produces surface stresses leading to fracture and wear finally leading to fatal failure. It was the aim of the present research to study the outcome of low cycle loading testing parts of active micro forceps materials involving either surface contact fatigue or flexural loading mechanisms. For this purpose, this research was focused on the mechanisms of the fatigue life of 316 L-type stainless steel active micro forceps in low cycle loading conditions. This could result in the fatigue failure of active micro forceps at stress levels below the yielding stress of material. Thus, researching the material and mechanical behaviors of an active micro forceps structure and force mechanism under low cycle loading is vital. Finite element method with accurate geometry and material properties was employed for a biocompatible forceps' tips in the computational modeling. To justify the data collected from Von Mises' yield condition, the Haigh diagram was developed to analyze fatigue wear. The low cycle loading behavior of the active micro forceps was analyzed in computational engineering tool of ANSYS LS-DYNA under operational load conditions in vitrectomy. The results of the analysis obtained from this research are helpful for micro component manufacturer and clinic surgery operation.
10
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The High Temperature Effect on Fibre Reinforced Self Compacting Lightweight Concrete Designed with Single and Hybrid Fibres

51%
Bozkurt N.
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vol. 125
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issue 2
579-583
EN
The purpose of this paper is to declare the results of investigation conducted on design of fibre reinforced self compacting lightweight concrete which has three different concrete technologies, and high temperature effect on it. For this aim, it is desired that production of new kind concrete material composed of fibre reinforced concrete, self compacting concrete and structural lightweight concrete technologies using all their better benefits. In this study, fly ash was used as a powder to reduce Portland cement consumption as well as CO_2 emission through the use of that waste material. A control self compacting concrete and 7 fibre reinforced self compacting lightweight concretes were designed applying slump flow (T50-flowing time and flowing diameter) and V-funnel tests to determine fresh concrete properties. In the design of fibre reinforced self compacting lightweight concrete, both single and hybrid fibre reinforced self compacting lightweight concrete mixes were produced using 1 macro and 1 micro steel fibres in different lengths and aspect ratios. Hybrid fibre reinforced self compacting lightweight concrete mixes were prepared using macro fibres together with micro fibre at three different percentages (50%-50%, 25%-75%, 75%-25%) by weight. After design process, cubic and prismatic concrete specimens were produced to determine hardened properties at standard concrete age. Firstly, flexural tensile and compressive strength tests were performed on the concrete specimens on 28 day. Lastly, the concrete specimens were heated up to temperatures of 200, 400, 600 and 800C then compressive strength and flexural tensile tests were performed to identify high temperature effect comparing to strength test results obtained from standard laboratory conditions. The test results showed that concrete mixes including macro fibres gave the best tensile strength properties, although they gave the worst fresh concrete properties.
11
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Thermo-Mechanical Properties of an NiTi-Shape Memory Alloy after Dynamic Loading

51%
Grigorieva V., Danilov A., Razov A.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 128
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issue 4
592-596
EN
The results of the comparative study of a quasi-equilibrium NiTi alloy's thermo-mechanical response to high-rate and quasi-static straining in the temperature range of 100-300°C, which included the A_{f} and the M_{d} temperatures, are considered. The existence of B2 → B19' and B2 → R → B19' martensitic transformations, associated with the heterogeneous distribution of Ni₄Ti₃ precipitates is shown to result in shaping of martensitic and austenitic two-way shape memories, the simultaneous presence of which determines the reversing shape memory effect. The suppression of stress-induced B2 → B19' transformation at temperatures higher than the M_{d} temperature resulted in austenitic two-way shape memory only. Distinct dependences on the temperature of the critical stresses that initiate B2 → B19' and B2 → R → B19' martensitic transformations in austenite are shown to be the reason for the participation of the irreversible mechanisms of straining at the earliest stages of tension, whatever the strain-rate applied, thus annihilating the distinctions between the quasi-static and high-rate straining processes. As a result, the thermo-mechanical properties acquired after tension become practically independent of the strain-rate.
12
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A Research on Nitinol Alloy Material Fatigue Behavior Analysis of Cardiovascular Stent in Medical Engineering

51%
Karaçalı Ö.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 127
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issue 4
1167-1169
EN
Biocompatible cardiovascular stents are small cylindrical support structures introduced into the stenosed arteries to reopen the lumen and to restore blood flow in treating heart disease, which have revolutionized interventional cardiology. Cardiovascular stent designers are confronted with two basic requirements, such as an "infinite" life and the "thinnest" wires. Pulsatile pressure, repetitive mechanical forces, within the coronary artery may result in stent fatigue and fracture after stent implantation, particularly in patients with complex coronary disease. This research describes the simulation analysis of cardiovascular stents, to provide designers with estimates of their in vivo structural behavior and fatigue properties. Stent material failure or device fatigue remains major concern for stent manufactures and researchers. The objective of this research was to simulate the mechanical behavior of the stent using finite element method. A finite element analysis (FEA) of cardiovascular stent under fatigue cyclic loading conditions is presented. Commercial software was employed to study the fatigue performance of nitinol alloy materials in new stent systems. The effects of deployment, and static cyclic pressure loading on cardiovascular stent fatigue life were simulated and analyzed for nitinol alloy material. The investigation results displayed a significant correlation between material combinations, stent loading, and fatigue behavior.
13
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Shielding Behaviors and Analysis of Mechanical Treatment of Cements Containing Nanosized Powders

51%
Mutuk H., Mutuk T., Gümüş H., Mesci Oktay B.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2016
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vol. 130
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issue 1
172-174
EN
In this study, we investigated linear attenuation coefficient (μ ), half value layer, tenth value layer at 243, 344, 866, 1088, 1112, 1528 keV. Mechanical properties of cements containing nanosized powders (nano-SiO₂, nano-Fe₂O₃, nano-Al₂O₃) are obtained. According to compressive strength results nano-SiO₂ added cementitious material gave the highest strength. Moreover, all the nanopowders added samples showed higher compressive strength with respect to reference sample. The experimental linear mass attenuation coefficients μ , half value layer, tenth value layer for cementitious material were compared with theoretical values obtained using XCOM. The experimental results were found to be in good agreement with the theoretical values.
14
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The Effect of Reversed Loading Conditions on the Mechanical Behaviour of Extruded Magnesium Alloy AZ31

51%
Bohlen J., Dobron P., Nascimento L., Parfenenko K., Chmelik F., Letzig D.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2012
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vol. 122
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issue 3
444-449
EN
An indirectly extruded round bar of magnesium alloy AZ31 has been subjected to a cyclic test consisting of preloading in compression to different values of maximum stress followed by a single tensile test segment. Concurrent acoustic emission measurements were used to determine the active deformation mechanisms during plastic flow and work hardening. Electron backscattering diffraction was applied to obtain local orientation images in order to reveal twins and twinned fractions of the microstructure. Twins form preferentially in larger grains during the compression test segment and only with increasing stress do smaller grains show twinning. Some grains are completely re-oriented as a result of twinning. During the tensile test segment, untwinning is the most significant deformation mechanism although in some re-oriented grains new twins also nucleate. The acoustic emission count rates confirm that this is only the case after compression to higher stress levels.
15
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Effect of Temperature on Grain Refinement of Mg-3Al-1Zn Alloy Processed by Equal Channel Angular Pressing

51%
Molnár P., Jäger A., Lejček P.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2012
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vol. 122
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issue 3
461-464
EN
In this work the effect of temperature on grain refinement of Mg-3Al-1Zn alloy (AZ31B) processed by equal channel angular pressing using route A is described. The deformation sequences consisted of equal channel angular pressing passes at 200C followed by passes at 150°C. Nonhomogeneous grain size distribution promotes shear band formation at 150°C. Shear bands with microcracks inside were analyzed by electron backscatter diffraction technique.
16
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Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Microalloyed Steels Joined by GMAW and Electrical Arc Welding

51%
Ekici M., Ozsarac U.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2013
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vol. 123
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issue 2
289-290
EN
In this study, micro-alloyed steel samples were exposed to gas metal arc welding process by two welding wires coded ER100 SG and SG 3. Protection gases compositions were selected as 100% argon (Ar), 15% CO_2 + 85% argon (MIG/MAG-1) and 25% CO_2 + 75% argon (MIG/MAG-2) in three different types in order to investigate the CO_2 effect on mechanical properties. In addition, an electric arc welding electrode coded Fox EV 85 was selected for arc welding applications to research the effect of welding method in mechanical properties. Welded joint were prepared at 130 A, 20 V; 150 A, 22 V and 170 A, 24 V welding parameters. All welded joint specimens were exposed to tensile tests, Charpy impact tests to evaluate the yields strength, maximum tensile stress, fracture stress, % elongation values and ductile-to-brittle transition temperatures values. Micro and macrostructure photos and scanning electron microscopy micrographs of specimens were obtained. The optimum parameters were advised to users at the end of this study.
17
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Influence of Current Intensity and Heat Input in MIG-Brazed Joints of DP 600 Thin Zinc Coated Steel Plates

51%
Varol F., Ozsarac U., Aslanlar S., Onat A., Ekici M., Ferik E.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 127
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issue 4
968-971
EN
In this study, DP 600 (Dual-Phase) steel plates having 1 mm thickness were joined by copper-based CuAl8 wire in gas metal arc brazing technique. Specimens were prepared as butt joint. Brazing operations were done with ten different arc voltages and weld currents as 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80 and 85 A. Tensile strength, bending force, microstructure of brazed materials, and their microhardness distribution throughout joining were determined. In macro and microstructure examinations, stereo optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used. This study investigated the effects of current intensity on microstructure and microhardness distribution of transition zone between DP 600 steel and MIG-brazed joint. The tensile strength and bending resistance increase with increasing current intensity.
18
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Investigation of Mechanical Properties of MIG-Brazed TRIP 800 Steel Joints Using Different Working Angles

51%
Varol F., Ekici M., Ferik E., Ozsarac U., Aslanlar S.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 127
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issue 4
965-967
EN
In this study, TRIP 800 (Transformation Induced Plasticity) steel plates, 1.5 mm in thickness, were joined with copper-based (CuAl8) wire by the gas metal arc brazing technique. Specimens were prepared in butt joint form. Five different working angles 50° , 60° , 70° , 80° and 90° were selected for brazing operations. A copper based CuAl8 wire was used as the filler metal. After the metal inert gas brazing process, butt joined specimens were exposed to tensile test in order to characterize the mechanical properties. The microstructure of the joints was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical microscope to see the joinability of TRIP 800 steel by gas metal arc brazing technique.
19
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Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Pumice Powder Filled PPS Composites

51%
Sahin A., Yildiran Y., Avcu E., Fidan S., Sinmazcelik T.
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vol. 125
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issue 2
518-520
EN
Recently, it is common application to use particle materials as fillers to improve engineering properties and lower the cost of finished product. Pumice powder is cheaper than most of traditional particle fillers, however use of pumice powders as a reinforcing material in composites has not been studied in literature. Hence, in this study we have investigated the mechanical and the thermal properties of pumice powder filled polyphenylenesulphide (PPS) composites. PPS composites were reinforced with pumice powder at different loading rates (0, 1, 3.5, and 10 wt%) and they were manufactured by twin screw extruder and injection molding machine. Thermal properties were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimeter methods. Moreover, mechanical properties such as barcol hardness, tensile strength, and modulus of samples were investigated. Thermal properties of composite samples have varied significantly depending on the loading rate. Also mechanical properties of pumice powder filled PPS composites have showed better results than pure PPS. According to test results both of mechanical and thermal properties of composites have improved with pumice powder reinforcement and it is determined that pumice powders can be used instead of traditional particle fillers.
20
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Development of a Polymer Based Syntactic Foam for High Temperature Applications

51%
Yazici M., Fahr P., Shukla A., Gunes S., Akay S.
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vol. 125
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issue 2
526-528
EN
Syntactic foams are one of the most widely used close cell structured foams. They are used in applications for naval, aeronautical, aerospace, civil, industrial, and automotive engineering due to good acoustical attenuation, excellent strength to weight ratio, vibration isolation, and dielectric properties. These foams are fabricated by incorporation of hollow particles in a matrix material. The most preferred matrix materials are polymers. In this study silicone resin (useful temperature range - 53C to 232°C) was selected as a binder material. Glass bubbles were incorporated into the silicone resin at three different mass percentages (10%, 20%, and 30%). The density of the silicone was reduced more than 50% by 30% glass bubble contribution. The foam mechanical properties were investigated in a room temperature and after heat treatment at 500C by quasi-static compression experiments. Microstructural transitions by the temperature raises were examined by using scanning electron microscopy pictures. It was observed that the increase of glass bubble percentage in silicone rubber enhanced the energy absorption properties in the heat treated and room temperature specimens. Plateau stress and densification amount were improved under quasi-static compression load by the glass bubble percentage increase. It can be said that developed syntactic foams can be used in heat resistant, low weight and high compression strength exigencies.
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