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  1. 50 Acta Physica Polonica A

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  1. 12 2017

  2. 8 2016

  3. 14 2015

  4. 7 2014

  5. 1 2013

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  1. 6 Karaçalı Ö.

  2. 4 Ekici M.

  3. 4 Ozsarac U.

  4. 4 Ozsoy M.

  5. 3 Bohlen J.

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1
Content available remote

An Investigation of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Sn-9Zn-xCr Alloys Produced by Investment Casting Method

100%
Yavuzer B., Ozyurek D.
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EN
In this study, the microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated of different amount Cr (0.1%, 0.5%, 0.9%) added Sn-9Zn eutectic alloys and Weibull statistical analyses were evaluated using ultimate tensile strength. Pure elements (Sn, Zn, Cr) were used for production of alloys and pre-alloying was done and waited in the electrical resistance furnace at 450°C for 1 h to homogenized and poured as ingot in plaster moulds. Then pre-alloyed Sn-9Zn-xCr ingots were melted and poured at 300°C in ceramic moulds prepared investment casting method. As a result of the study, the highest hardness and ultimate tensile strength values were measured in the Sn-9Zn alloy with 0.1% Cr. It was determined that while ultimate tensile strength was decreased, percentage of elongation was increased by increase of Cr amount. According to the Weibull statistical analyses results, the highest Weibull module was calculated by Sn-9Zn-0.1Cr alloy ultimate tensile strength values.
2
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Mechanical Properties of Zn-Ni-SiO_2 Coating Deposited under X-ray Irradiation

100%
Poliak N., Anishchik V., Valko N., Karwat C., Kozak C., Opielak M.
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vol. 125
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issue 6
1415-1417
EN
Using X-ray microanalysis and scanning electron microscopy Zn-Ni-SiO_2 plating containing SiO_2 nanoparticles were studied. It was found that X-ray irradiation of the electrolyte leads to the increased Ni concentration in Zn-Ni-SiO_2(X) films and the grain size is also increasing (the grain size is twice that in the unirradiated case). A thickness of Zn-Ni-SiO_2(X) plating is 20 μm and a thickness of the Zn-Ni-SiO_2 plating is about 15 μm. The surface morphology was studied using AFM method. Increasing Ni concentration and Ni_5Zn_{21} phase due to X-Ray irradiation of the electrolyte leading to the improved mechanical properties of the coating.
3
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Dynamic Behavior of a Clayey Sand Reinforced with Polypropylene Fiber

63%
Bozyigit I., Tanrınıan N., Karakan E., Sezer A., Erdoğan D., Altun S.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2017
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vol. 132
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issue 3
674-678
EN
It is a well-identified fact that more elaborate laboratory studies should be carried out for evaluation of dynamic properties of different types of soils. Regardless of the mechanisms affecting the mechanical behaviour of the soils, past studies reveal that existence of fiber positively affects the strength of either cohesive or non-cohesive soils. A short literature survey provides numerous studies on the stress-strain behaviour of fine/coarse soils, reinforced by polypropylene fiber. On the other hand, studies concerning fiber reinforced soils subjected to dynamic loading are relatively rare. Therefore, in this research it was intended to investigate the effects of polypropylene fiber inclusion on the dynamic behavior of a clayey sand soil, within an experimental framework. In this scope, a number of cyclic triaxial compression tests were conducted to assess the effect of fiber presence. The effects of fiber length and content were experimentally evaluated. Hence, the variation of shear modulus ratio and damping ratio values by shear deformation was plotted to observe the effects of fiber length and inclusion level as well. The results are presented along with detailed evaluations.
4
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Determination of the Fatigue Behavior of a Wheel Rim Using Finite Element Analysis

63%
Esener E., Ercan S., Firat M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2017
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vol. 132
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issue 3
617-619
EN
Automobile wheel rims are critical elements that work under fatigue loading. For this reason, it is very important to determine fatigue damage of the wheel rims. Today, finite element analysis is used to make accurate predictions. In this study, it is aimed to determine Chaboche damage model parameters for an aluminium alloy wheel rim. Msc Marc software is used for finite element analysis. First, Chaboche damage model parameters are obtained using simple Holloman equation for finite element analysis. Model parameters are validated by single element tests. Then, fatigue behaviour of an automobile wheel rim is analysed with verified Chaboche parameters. At last, critical areas under fatigue loading are identified on the wheel rim.
5
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Comparison of Mechanical Behaviour of Carbon and Glass Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites

63%
Ozsoy N., Mimaroğlu A., Ozsoy M., Ozsoy M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 127
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issue 4
1032-1034
EN
An experimental study has been carried out to investigate tensile and bending properties of carbon fiber (CFRE) and glass fiber-reinforced (GFRE) epoxy composites. Three different fiber orientations were applied, 0°, 90° and [0°, 90°]. The laminates were obtained by manual lay-up process. The samples were evaluated by tensile tests according to the ASTM D3039 and bending tests according to the ASTM D790. Experimental results showed that maximum tensile strengths were observed at 0° fiber direction for the both CFRE and GFRE composites. With respect to their tension properties, the CFRE samples had better performance than the GFRE samples, except for the 90° orientation. Three point bending tests proved that in all orientations CFRE composites had better performance, compared to GFRE composites.
6
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Computer Aided Structral Analysis of a Tie Rod End

63%
Ozsoy M., Pehlivan M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 128
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issue 2B
B-488-B-490
EN
The tie rod end is one of the most elementary parts of a steering mechanism, which has direct and crucial importance in terms of driving safety. The main function of this part is to transfer the routing, coming from the steering linkage, to steering knuckle via tie rot arm. In this study the structural analysis of a tie rod end part for a van-type vehicle is carried out by finite element (FE) modeling of the body, the joint and the bearing. Hence, unlike the previous studies in literature, each component of the tie rod end is included in FE model and a complete assembly is analyzed by means of contact interactions between parts. The analyses for the joint assembly are carried out for different possible tie-end orientations, and by this modeling approach, the stress variations and deformation characteristics of each component are investigated for different operational loading conditions.
7
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Mechanical Properties of Chopped Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composites

63%
Ozsoy N., Ozsoy M., Mimaroglu A.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2016
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vol. 130
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issue 1
297-299
EN
An experimental study has been carried out to investigate tensile, bending, impact and hardness properties of chopped carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites. Four different weight fractions (0%, 6%, 8%, 10%) were added as reinforcement to composites. The samples were manufactured by using a special designed mold. Tests were carried out according to the ASTM standards. Results of the tests have shown that hardness increases with the increasing amount of carbon fiber in composites. Tensile, bending and impact performances have increased up to 8% of carbon fiber in the composite and then started to decrease.
8
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Effect of Incorporation of Granite and Marble Rejects in Clay Brick Products: Physico-Mechanical Analysis

51%
Dhanapandian S., Manoharan C., Ramkumar T., Gnanavel B., Sutharsan P., Shanthi M.
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issue 4
688-695
EN
The objective of this work is to characterize and evaluate the effect of incorporation of granite and marble rejects on the properties and microstructure development of three different clay materials used to fabricate brick materials in the brick industry. The raw materials are characterized with respect to their chemical composition by X-ray fluorescence, particle size distribution and mineralogical composition by X-ray diffraction and plasticity. Compositions have been prepared with additions of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt% reject in three different clay material from Tamilnadu State, India, and fired at temperatures from 500 to 900°C in laboratory furnace. The behaviour of mixtures containing 80 wt% clay material + 20 wt% reject is discussed in detail. The technological properties of briquette specimens such as flexural rupture strength, water absorption, porosity and bulk density were determined. The microstructure of the fired briquette specimens were observed by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, Mössbauer spectroscopy. The results of the above studies show that incorporations of granite and marble rejects up to 50 wt% is potential to the industrial clay brick products, with no major sacrifice on the properties of the final product, anticipating no costly modifications in the industrial production line.
9
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Computational Engineering Analysis of Low-Cycle Loading for AMF-Active Micro Forceps 316 L-Stainless Steel Material by Finite Element Method

51%
Karaçalı Ö.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 128
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issue 2B
B-40-B-42
EN
Antagonistic contact on tips of active micro forceps produces surface stresses leading to fracture and wear finally leading to fatal failure. It was the aim of the present research to study the outcome of low cycle loading testing parts of active micro forceps materials involving either surface contact fatigue or flexural loading mechanisms. For this purpose, this research was focused on the mechanisms of the fatigue life of 316 L-type stainless steel active micro forceps in low cycle loading conditions. This could result in the fatigue failure of active micro forceps at stress levels below the yielding stress of material. Thus, researching the material and mechanical behaviors of an active micro forceps structure and force mechanism under low cycle loading is vital. Finite element method with accurate geometry and material properties was employed for a biocompatible forceps' tips in the computational modeling. To justify the data collected from Von Mises' yield condition, the Haigh diagram was developed to analyze fatigue wear. The low cycle loading behavior of the active micro forceps was analyzed in computational engineering tool of ANSYS LS-DYNA under operational load conditions in vitrectomy. The results of the analysis obtained from this research are helpful for micro component manufacturer and clinic surgery operation.
10
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The High Temperature Effect on Fibre Reinforced Self Compacting Lightweight Concrete Designed with Single and Hybrid Fibres

51%
Bozkurt N.
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vol. 125
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issue 2
579-583
EN
The purpose of this paper is to declare the results of investigation conducted on design of fibre reinforced self compacting lightweight concrete which has three different concrete technologies, and high temperature effect on it. For this aim, it is desired that production of new kind concrete material composed of fibre reinforced concrete, self compacting concrete and structural lightweight concrete technologies using all their better benefits. In this study, fly ash was used as a powder to reduce Portland cement consumption as well as CO_2 emission through the use of that waste material. A control self compacting concrete and 7 fibre reinforced self compacting lightweight concretes were designed applying slump flow (T50-flowing time and flowing diameter) and V-funnel tests to determine fresh concrete properties. In the design of fibre reinforced self compacting lightweight concrete, both single and hybrid fibre reinforced self compacting lightweight concrete mixes were produced using 1 macro and 1 micro steel fibres in different lengths and aspect ratios. Hybrid fibre reinforced self compacting lightweight concrete mixes were prepared using macro fibres together with micro fibre at three different percentages (50%-50%, 25%-75%, 75%-25%) by weight. After design process, cubic and prismatic concrete specimens were produced to determine hardened properties at standard concrete age. Firstly, flexural tensile and compressive strength tests were performed on the concrete specimens on 28 day. Lastly, the concrete specimens were heated up to temperatures of 200, 400, 600 and 800C then compressive strength and flexural tensile tests were performed to identify high temperature effect comparing to strength test results obtained from standard laboratory conditions. The test results showed that concrete mixes including macro fibres gave the best tensile strength properties, although they gave the worst fresh concrete properties.
11
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Thermo-Mechanical Properties of an NiTi-Shape Memory Alloy after Dynamic Loading

51%
Grigorieva V., Danilov A., Razov A.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 128
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issue 4
592-596
EN
The results of the comparative study of a quasi-equilibrium NiTi alloy's thermo-mechanical response to high-rate and quasi-static straining in the temperature range of 100-300°C, which included the A_{f} and the M_{d} temperatures, are considered. The existence of B2 → B19' and B2 → R → B19' martensitic transformations, associated with the heterogeneous distribution of Ni₄Ti₃ precipitates is shown to result in shaping of martensitic and austenitic two-way shape memories, the simultaneous presence of which determines the reversing shape memory effect. The suppression of stress-induced B2 → B19' transformation at temperatures higher than the M_{d} temperature resulted in austenitic two-way shape memory only. Distinct dependences on the temperature of the critical stresses that initiate B2 → B19' and B2 → R → B19' martensitic transformations in austenite are shown to be the reason for the participation of the irreversible mechanisms of straining at the earliest stages of tension, whatever the strain-rate applied, thus annihilating the distinctions between the quasi-static and high-rate straining processes. As a result, the thermo-mechanical properties acquired after tension become practically independent of the strain-rate.
12
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Influence of Current Intensity and Heat Input in MIG-Brazed Joints of DP 600 Thin Zinc Coated Steel Plates

51%
Varol F., Ozsarac U., Aslanlar S., Onat A., Ekici M., Ferik E.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 127
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issue 4
968-971
EN
In this study, DP 600 (Dual-Phase) steel plates having 1 mm thickness were joined by copper-based CuAl8 wire in gas metal arc brazing technique. Specimens were prepared as butt joint. Brazing operations were done with ten different arc voltages and weld currents as 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80 and 85 A. Tensile strength, bending force, microstructure of brazed materials, and their microhardness distribution throughout joining were determined. In macro and microstructure examinations, stereo optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used. This study investigated the effects of current intensity on microstructure and microhardness distribution of transition zone between DP 600 steel and MIG-brazed joint. The tensile strength and bending resistance increase with increasing current intensity.
13
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Investigation of Mechanical Properties of MIG-Brazed TRIP 800 Steel Joints Using Different Working Angles

51%
Varol F., Ekici M., Ferik E., Ozsarac U., Aslanlar S.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 127
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issue 4
965-967
EN
In this study, TRIP 800 (Transformation Induced Plasticity) steel plates, 1.5 mm in thickness, were joined with copper-based (CuAl8) wire by the gas metal arc brazing technique. Specimens were prepared in butt joint form. Five different working angles 50° , 60° , 70° , 80° and 90° were selected for brazing operations. A copper based CuAl8 wire was used as the filler metal. After the metal inert gas brazing process, butt joined specimens were exposed to tensile test in order to characterize the mechanical properties. The microstructure of the joints was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical microscope to see the joinability of TRIP 800 steel by gas metal arc brazing technique.
14
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Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Pumice Powder Filled PPS Composites

51%
Sahin A., Yildiran Y., Avcu E., Fidan S., Sinmazcelik T.
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vol. 125
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issue 2
518-520
EN
Recently, it is common application to use particle materials as fillers to improve engineering properties and lower the cost of finished product. Pumice powder is cheaper than most of traditional particle fillers, however use of pumice powders as a reinforcing material in composites has not been studied in literature. Hence, in this study we have investigated the mechanical and the thermal properties of pumice powder filled polyphenylenesulphide (PPS) composites. PPS composites were reinforced with pumice powder at different loading rates (0, 1, 3.5, and 10 wt%) and they were manufactured by twin screw extruder and injection molding machine. Thermal properties were investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimeter methods. Moreover, mechanical properties such as barcol hardness, tensile strength, and modulus of samples were investigated. Thermal properties of composite samples have varied significantly depending on the loading rate. Also mechanical properties of pumice powder filled PPS composites have showed better results than pure PPS. According to test results both of mechanical and thermal properties of composites have improved with pumice powder reinforcement and it is determined that pumice powders can be used instead of traditional particle fillers.
15
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Development of a Polymer Based Syntactic Foam for High Temperature Applications

51%
Yazici M., Fahr P., Shukla A., Gunes S., Akay S.
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vol. 125
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issue 2
526-528
EN
Syntactic foams are one of the most widely used close cell structured foams. They are used in applications for naval, aeronautical, aerospace, civil, industrial, and automotive engineering due to good acoustical attenuation, excellent strength to weight ratio, vibration isolation, and dielectric properties. These foams are fabricated by incorporation of hollow particles in a matrix material. The most preferred matrix materials are polymers. In this study silicone resin (useful temperature range - 53C to 232°C) was selected as a binder material. Glass bubbles were incorporated into the silicone resin at three different mass percentages (10%, 20%, and 30%). The density of the silicone was reduced more than 50% by 30% glass bubble contribution. The foam mechanical properties were investigated in a room temperature and after heat treatment at 500C by quasi-static compression experiments. Microstructural transitions by the temperature raises were examined by using scanning electron microscopy pictures. It was observed that the increase of glass bubble percentage in silicone rubber enhanced the energy absorption properties in the heat treated and room temperature specimens. Plateau stress and densification amount were improved under quasi-static compression load by the glass bubble percentage increase. It can be said that developed syntactic foams can be used in heat resistant, low weight and high compression strength exigencies.
16
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Influence of Martensite Volume Fraction on Ductile to Brittle Transition of Triple Phase Ferrite-Perlite-Martensite Steels Joined by GMAW and Electrical Arc Welding

51%
Ekici M., Ozsarac U.
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vol. 125
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issue 2
529-531
EN
In this study, the effect of martensite volume fraction on ductile to brittle transition of microalloyed steel joined by welding was investigated. Triple phase steel contains ferrite, perlite and martensite phases and was joined by two types of welding method as gas metal arc welding and the electric arc welding. Presence of three phases in adjacent to each other was confirmed by metallographic analysis and scanning electron microscopy studies. All welded samples were exposed to Charpy impact test at the temperature range of -30C to 30C in order to measure the fracture energies of samples having different amount of martensite volume fractions. The fracture surface micrographs of Charpy specimens, examined by scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy, confirmed the reduction in ductility of ferrite-perlite-martensite steels with increasing martensite volume fraction.
17
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Recycling of Pure Magnesium Chips by Cold Press and Hot Extrusion Processes

51%
Mindivan H., Taskin N., Kayali E.
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vol. 125
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issue 2
429-431
EN
This study aims to recycle pure magnesium chips by a two-stage mechanical processing method. In the present study, the feasibility of recycling pure magnesium chips with the help of commercially pure magnesium powder was investigated. For this study, the magnesium chips mixed with different amount of magnesium powders in the range of 25-75 wt%, after mixing by hand and cold press, are subjected to hot extrusion to provide homogeneous microstructure. Furthermore, the effect of magnesium powder and their amounts on the mechanical properties and corrosion behaviour of the recycled magnesium alloys were studied. The results of the mechanical and corrosion test showed that the hardness and compressive yield strength decreased with increasing chip content, while increase in the chip weight fraction in the initial mixture resulted in a significant increase of corrosion resistance.
18
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A New Perspective on Cyclic Loading Behavior Analysis of ATSP-Adjustable Telescopic Steel Prop S235GT Material Used in Structural Engineering

51%
Karaçalı Ö.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2016
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vol. 129
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issue 4
436-438
EN
In the fatigue life assessment of adjustable telescopic steel prop joints subjected to cyclic loading is critical for determining the number of cycles before fatigue failure of 235GT steel materials. The research aims in this reported work were to develop a computational material model and 3D finite-element analysis model to accurately predict the static and dynamic cyclic load-deformation characteristics of 235GT steel and adjustable telescopic steel prop components. Critical values for stress components, responsible for distinctive fatigue failure of the adjustable telescopic steel prop were obtained and the fatigue limits were illustrated in the Smith diagram. To achieve these, finite element analysis were employed to calculate compressive stresses and equivalent Von Mises stresses as well as the analysis by the strength of materials experimental procedure in laboratory conditions. Hence, through appropriate computer software, the fatigue strength of adjustable telescopic steel prop was automatically determined and expressed in the form of the Smith diagram. The results obtained by the finite-element analysis and calculations are entirely similar to that of strength of materials procedure. This research helps improving site safety to understand the current working load limit basis for the material design of adjustable telescopic steel prop structures and make this design risk-consistent to prevent fatal injuries in the building construction industry.
19
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The Application of Laboratory X-Ray Micro-Diffraction to Study the Effects of Clinching Process in Steel Sheets

51%
Krztoń H., Mucha J., Witkowski W.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2016
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vol. 130
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issue 4
985-987
EN
The application of X-ray micro-diffraction to study the local changes in austenite content in clinching joints made of DP 600 steel is presented. The relations between various parameters of the cold pressing process and the microstructure and the austenite content in the individual parts of the clinching joints are shown.
20
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Mechanisms of Plastic Deformation in Ti-Nb-Zr-Ta Based Biomedical Alloys with Fe and Si Content

51%
Stráský J., Harcuba P., Horváth K., Janeček M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2015
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vol. 128
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issue 4
574-577
EN
Specialized beta titanium alloys containing biocompatible elements (Nb, Zr, Ta) are increasingly considered as a material for orthopaedic implants. In this study, small additions of Fe and Si are used to increase the strength of commercial Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta (TNZT) alloy. Six different advanced alloys with iron content up to 2 wt% and silicon content up to 1 wt% were manufactured by arc melting and hot forging. Flow curves were determined from tensile tests carried out at room temperature. The yield stress is increased from 450 MPa to 700 MPa due to small Fe and Si additions. Fe causes solid solution strengthening exhibited by sharp yield point and significant work hardening. (Ti,Zr)₅Si₃ intermetallic particles further increase the strength via precipitation hardening. An unusual serrated yielding behaviour of benchmark TNZT alloy is caused by twinning as shown by acoustic emission measurement and electron backscattered diffraction analysis.
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