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Double Differential Cross-Section Measurements for Electron Impact Ionization of Helium

100%
Özer Z., Olgaç F., Ulu M., Doğan M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2013
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vol. 123
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issue 2
361-362
EN
The single ionizing collision with an incident electron and atom/molecules ends up two kinds of outgoing electrons called scattering and ejected electrons. As a feature of electron impact ionization these two electrons are indistinguishable. Double differential cross-sections can be obtained by the measurements of energy and angular distributions of one of the two outgoing electrons by a detector. In this perspective, we used He target that is reasonable to expect to understand ionization mechanisms of atomic systems. We have measured double differential cross-sections for asymmetric geometry for different kinematical situations. The experiments are carried out on a newly developed electron spectrometer constructed in Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
2
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Observing Quantum Level Interference Effects with Electron Spectrometer

100%
Özer Z., Ulu M., Aktaş B., Doğan M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
|
2013
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vol. 123
|
issue 2
363-364
EN
The existence of Young-type interference patterns has been recently searched in triple differential cross-sections for single ionization of H_2 molecules by electron impact, and theoretically supported by calculations obtained by different models. The appearance of interference effects arising from the two-centre geometry of diatomic molecule. These effects seen in triple differential cross-sections are described by interference factor in analogy with light waves. In this work, we discuss about that the interference factor for molecular structure of H_2 may reproduce Young-type interference patterns depending on scattering angle, initial and ejected electron energies in triple differential cross-sections. Differences are expected in the triple differential cross-sections spectra of ejected electrons according to kinematical conditions imposed by scattering angle and electron energy.
3
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Effect of Different Calcium Precursors on Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite Powder Properties

100%
Karakaş A., Hazar Yoruç A., Ceylan Erdoğan D., Doğan M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2012
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vol. 121
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issue 1
236-239
EN
Hydroxyapatite is the main component of human hard tissues such as bones and teeth. Because it has a great biocompatibility with human organism, it is used as biomaterial with the purpose of form and repair hard tissues. Hydroxyapatite is formulated as Ca_{10}(PO_4)_6(OH)_2 and shows high stability under physiological conditions. In this study, biomimetic hydroxyapatite powder has been synthesized using by synthetic body fluids which has the same composition as human blood plasma. Moreover, the effect of different precursors on properties of synthesized powders has been investigated. For that purpose calcium nitrate tetrahydrate [Ca(NO_3)_2 ·4H_2O], calcium chloride [CaCl_2], calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)_2] and diammonium hydrogen phosphate [(NH_4)_2HPO_4] were used as precursors. Mainly literature focused on the synthesis of hydroxyapatite powders was carried out using chemical method. However, in this study, the synthesis of hydroxyapatite powder is carried out using biomimetic method. Chemical structures of synthesized powders have been investigated by the Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction methods. Results showed that synthesized powders have a pure hydroxyapatite structure. Surface area of the synthesized powders was measured by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method. Morphological structures have been characterized by using scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, particle size of powders was calculated using the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method. It was clearly seen that morphological properties of biomimetic hydroxyapatite have affected the use of different calcium precursors.
4
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Double Differential Cross-Section Measurements for Methane Molecule at 350 eV

88%
Yavuz M., Isik N., Ozer Z., Ulu M., Doğan M.
Acta Physica Polonica A
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2014
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vol. 125
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issue 2
442-444
EN
Double differential cross-sections have been measured after ionizing electron collisions with methane at primary energy of 350 eV using a conventional electron spectrometer. An electrostatic analyzer was used to measure angular distributions of secondary electrons with energies between 25 eV and 300 eV. Angles of emission were 25° to 130°. It was found that the outgoing electrons belong to one of the two energetically separated groups, either the fast electrons which are scattered mainly in forward direction or the slow electrons which are distributed isotropically into all angles. For higher ejection energies the maxima shifted towards smaller angles as expected from binary type collision.
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