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Rozwój stóp dzieci w wieku przedszkolnym/ The development of children’s feet in preschool age

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Wacławek P., Drzał-Grabiec J., Truszczyńska A.
Advances in Rehabilitation
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2015
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vol. 29
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issue 1
13-20
EN
Introduction: As the most important period in the formation of the feet is considered to be preschool and early school age. The aim of the study was to evaluate the development of the feet in children of preschool age taking into account age and gender. An additional aim was to determine whether using simple testing methods available for physiotherapists can reliably determine the parameters of the foot in children. Material and methods: The study was conducted among 95 preschool children 49 girls (51.6%) and 46 boys (48.4%). The following data were analyzed: sex, age, anthropometric data. The research was conducted by foot print method. Following parameters were analyzed: length and width of the foot, ALPHA - hallux valgus angle, BETA - the little finger varus angle, GAMMA - heel angle, the Wejsflog index and Clarke index. Results: The study using the footprint method allowed an accurate assessment of the foot of the study group. Highly statistically significant relationship between the width and length of the right and left foot, and the age of the children was confirmed. In the case of Wejsflog index highly significant differences between the measurements in children 5-year-old children in comparing to children 3-year-old and 4-year-old were reported. There were no differences between the structure of children’s feet, taking into account their sex. Conclusion: 1. Structure of girls and boys foot during their progressive development did not significantly differed, suggesting the absence of a clearly marked sex dimorphism in the development of the foot arch. 2. Most of the children foot had proper structure, thus ordering corrective exercises for all children migth not be reasonable. 3.The study confirmed the high value of footprint method.
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