Search results

1

Changes in balance and fall risk in female members of the Third Age University aged 60 and older

100%

Bednarczuk G.

Advances in Rehabilitation

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2020

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vol. 34

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issue 3

15-21

EN

Introduction Ageing processes are accompanied by degenerative changes within all functional and anatomical systems. These changes affect postural stability. This study sought to compare balance and fall risk indexes taking into account the age of the participants. Material and methods The study included female members (n=59) of the University of the Third Age (U3A) set up at the University of Physical Education in Warsaw. The participants were divided into five age groups: 1 (60-64 years), 2 (65-69), 3 (70-74), 4 (75-79) and 5 (>80). Biodex Balance System was applied in the study. The overall stability index (OSI), the anteroposterior stability index (APSI), the mediolateral stability index (MLSI) and the fall risk test were used in the analysis. The participants performed tests that involved standing on both feet with eyes open and closed on a stable surface as well as standing with eyes open on an unstable surface. ANOVA was used to assess balance with regard to age. U Mann-Whitney test was employed to compare groups in terms of balance and the fall risk (p<0.05). Results The oldest group demonstrated the worst balance performance with eyes open: OSI – 0.70±0.47; APSI – 0.49±0.30; MLSI – 0.37±0.43. The best values of balance performance were manifested by the subjects aged 65-69: OSI – 0.36±0.13; APSI – 0.25±0.08; MLSI – 0.18±0.11. Compared to eyes-open conditions, the tests performed with eyes closed revealed the smallest differences between the groups in OSI. The lowest fall risk was noted in groups 1 and 2. The highest fall risk index was found in group 4. Conclusions The findings of the study show that older adults depend on their vision when keeping balance. Physical activity exerts a positive influence on their balance and reduces the risk of falling. However, balance performance deteriorates and the fall risk increases with ageing.

2

Muscle Strength and Aerobic Endurance as Factors Differentiating Falling and Non-Falling Men over 70 Years

100%

Maciaszek J.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2010

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vol. 25

35-40

EN

The aim of the study was to find factors which differentiate generally healthy elderly men who had fallen versus those whom had not fallen throughout the year prior to the study. The participants (66 generally healthy men aged over 70 years) were divided into two groups - those who had fallen (F) and those who had not fallen (NF) in the period of one year before the study. Their body mass index and fat mass were measured. On the basis of the value of maximum sways on a stable posturographic platform, the sway area was calculated. To study psychomotor fitness reaction time, an analysis was measured by the "Vienna System Test". Functional fitness was measured on the basis of selected tests from "The Senior Fitness Test". The complexity of the multiple mechanisms underlying postural control does not allow for clear indication of the risks of stability loss. The experimental group of men over 70 yrs who had fallen (F) was characterised by lower body strength (p<0.05) and endurance (p<0.05), compared to NF group. Exercise programs designed to prevent accidental falls should incorporate strength and aerobic exercises.

3

Control and correction of horse rider's body posture

100%

Mrozkowiak M., Ambroży D.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2014

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vol. 6

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issue 2

21-33

EN

Centre of gravity represents the point where the net force of gravity of all the body parts is applied. Balance is a specific state of the postural control system, being a vertical orientation of human body maintained through balancing the forces and moments of forces that act on the body. Stability is understood to mean the ability to recover the state of balance and typical body position in the space. The concept of division of the rider's posture into 5 blocks that has been used in the literature seems to be legitimate. However, due to the natural shape of spinal curvature, the division of body into opposing truncated pyramids (a trapezoid in the sagittal plane and a rectangle with longer horizontal sides in the frontal plane) appears to be more accurate. The eight-segment model is dynamic and illustrates all the shallowed or deepened spinal curvatures very well while maintaining alternate sagittal curvatures with regard to the deficits of motion in the joints. It is also correct in anatomical terms since it contains all the sections and joints in the kinematic chain. Body posture, considered under conditions of the equestrian pair (a rider and a horse) as a motor task, will be adjusted using the continuous control. This control works within the tracking system and consistently adjusts the activity of different muscles to current needs. These needs result from a specific program encoded in the central nervous system and, more specifically, from the difference between the program and current state of the equestrian pair. This program is developed during equestrian training and it represents a demanded situation.

4

Effects of Sensomotor Communication System Based Exercises on Static Balance and Self-esteem in 7-12 Years Old Karate Pupils

100%

Ivaščenko T., Ivaščenko J.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2023

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vol. 44

27-37

EN

Karate is a martial art that require a high level of motor and functional abilities, discipline and mental concentration as well. Practicing Kata improves self-awareness and focus, but is not always included in a class agenda. The author’s of sensomotor communication system based exercises have combined principles of movement from martial arts for body awareness. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 12 weeks intervention program of sensomotor communication system based exercises on static balance and self-esteem in karate pupils. In the study 24 karate pupils in the age of 7-12 were included. Training years in karate varied from 1 to 4 years of practice. To assess static balance the Flamingo balance test was used, to evaluate self-esteem, a modified Rosenger self-esteem scale was used. The findings of this study showed a positive effect on static balance and a minor positive effect on self-esteem in karate pupils after the intervention. Sensomotor communication system based exercises could be used for balance and self-esteem improvement. Also, being a more understandable and clearer exercise system, the sensomotor communication exercise program could be a Kata alternative for younger children practicing karate.

5

Clinical tests for balance stability and gait assessment – bedside tests

100%

Józefowicz-Korczyńska M., Chmielecka-Rutkowska J., Mazerant A.

Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny

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2016

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vol. 5(1)

57-63

EN

Balance and gait stability assessment is an important part of the otoneurological examination. We present the review of the clinical bedside tests procedures for diagnosis patients with balance disorders. Instability may occur not only in vestibular system dysfunction but in neurological, musculoskeletal and visual system lesions as well. An accurate clini-cal bedside ocular motor examination like, range of motion, stability of fixation, the presence of nystagmus, saccadic and smooth pursuit tests, give information about dynamic character of ocular motility. Tests of the balance system and cerebellum functioning were elaborated. Interpretations criteria for clinical bedside tests in different disease were pre-sented. Head shaking and head trust tests for vestibular system imbalance were described. Authors paid attention to the connection between examinations results and labyrinth or central nervous system disorders. Other tests are suggested to be used in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo diagnosis and ability to self-contained patients gait evaluation. There are some more complex and time-consuming tests like Dynamic Gait Index and Berg Balance Scale, measuring quanti-tative aspects of gait efficiency. The results are obtained based on points which are obtained in various tasks e.g. walking with pivot turn, stepping over and around obstacles. All of these tests are essential part of clinical examination and give preliminary information about patients functioning status and allow to focus on further diagnosis.The final results based on points which are obtained in various tasks e.g. walking with pivot turn, stepping over and around obstacles. All of these tests are essential part of clinical examination and give preliminary information about patients functioning status and allow to focus on further diagnosis.

6

Structure of Coordination Motor Abilities in Male Basketball Players at Different Levels of Competition

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Jerzy S., Paweł W., Janusz Z., Tomasz N., Mariusz B.

Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism

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2015

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vol. 21

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issue 4

234-239

EN

Introduction. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the structure of coordination motor abilities (CMA) in male basketball players at different levels of competition. Material and methods. The study included 183 male basketball players from 10 Polish sports clubs. The examined groups consisted of seniors (n=42) aged 24.5 (± 3.3), juniors (n=37) aged 16.8 (± 0.6), cadets (n=54) aged 14.5 (± 0.1) and children (n=50) aged 13.4 (± 0.2). A battery of motor tests was administered to assess the following CMA: kinesthetic differentiation of movements, spatio-temporal orientation, reaction time, movement coupling, sense of balance, sense of rhythm and adjustment of movements. The structure of CMA under investigation was determined based on the results of Hotelling's principal component analysis in Tucker's modification, completed with Kaiser's Varimax rotation [1, 2]. Results. The CMA structure of basketball players was composed of three or four factors. Most often these included rhythm, movement differentiation, movement coupling and adjustment of movements. Less frequently the structure consisted of spatio-temporal orientation, balance and reaction time. An in-depth analysis of the CMA structure revealed that factors ranged from heterogeneous (children and cadets) to homogeneous ones (juniors and seniors). The distribution of identified factors in the common variance was the smallest in children and cadets (58.9% and 62.9%, respectively) and the biggest in juniors and seniors (69.3% and 68.48%, respectively).

7

Measurement of functional independence level and falls-risk in individuals with undiagnosed phenylketonuria

88%

Mazur A., Jarochowicz S., Ołtarzewski M., Sykut-Cegielska J., Kwolek A., O'Malley G.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2009

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vol. 56

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issue 4

613-618

EN

The aim of the study was to determine the level of functional independence in adult patients with previously undiagnosed or untreated phenylketonuria (PKU). The study was conducted among 400 intellectually impaired adult residents of Social Welfare Homes in South-Eastern Poland born prior to the introduction of neonatal PKU screening programs. PKU was screened by filter paper test using tandem mass spectrometry methods, and confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis of PKU organic acids in urine. Degree of functional independence included the assessment of activities of daily living (Barthel Index) and measures of balance and gait (Tinetti scale). Eleven individuals with previously untreated PKU were identified whereby eight presented with moderate disability and three with mild disability. Six had a high risk of falls and five had a moderate risk of falls. This study indicates that there is considerable number of undiagnosed PKU patients within the Polish population who require assessment and management in order to reduce the impact of the neurological and neuropsychiatric problems associated with the condition. Appropriate therapy for those with undiagnosed PKU should, in particular, address the risk of falls.

8

Gender Differences in Postural Stability Among Children

88%

Smith A., Ulmer F., Wong D.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2012

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vol. 33

25-32

EN

This study aimed to examine the gender differences in postural stability among 8-12 year-old children. Twenty-six children participated in this repeated measures study to measure the centre of pressure (COP) under one normal condition (CONTROL: hard surface, eyes open, and looking straight ahead) and two challenging sensory conditions (ECHB: eyes closed and head back; and EOCS: eyes open and compliant surface) in randomized order. Girls had significantly lower COP path velocity (COP-PV, p < 0.05, medium effect), smaller radial displacement (COP-RD, p < 0.05, medium effect), and lower area velocity (COP-AV, p < 0.05, medium effect) as compared to boys when the three conditions were pooled. Gender differences were found in the percentage changes in COP-RD during ECHB (p < 0.05, large effect) and EOCS (p < 0.05, medium effect), and in COP-AV during both ECHB and EOCS conditions (p < 0.05, medium effect). Postural stability performance of girls had higher correlations with age (-0.62 vs. -0.40), body mass (-0.60 vs. -0.42), foot length (-0.68 vs. -0.45), and physical activity level (-0.45 vs. 0.02), as compared to boys. Girls had better postural stability than boys but were more affected by altered sensory input information. Girls are more capable of integrating their sensory inputs, whereas boys treat each sensory input somewhat separately and rely more on somatosensory feedback. Exercises such as standing on unstable surfaces with eyes open instead of eye closed and head back are more beneficial to children's postural stability control system.

9

Virtual reality as a vestibular rehabilitation tool for athletes after concussion: a literature review

88%

Felipe L., Hunnicutt S.

Advances in Rehabilitation

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2020

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vol. 34

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issue 2

42-48

EN

Virtual Reality is cogitated as one of the most favorable and challenging technologies applied in health sciences. Its use has been integrated in vestibular rehabilitation for the management of balance conditions, founded on mechanisms related to neuronal plasticity of the central nervous system. Dizziness is one of the most common symptoms after a concussion in sports and can be an issue related to a long return to play. Virtual reality may be a beneficial method for rehabilitation for athletes with dizziness after concussion. However, no studies have critically reviewed the scientific evidence in this regard. The objective was to conduct a systematic review on the effectiveness of virtual reality as a rehabilitation strategy for athletes after a concussion. A systematic review of the electronic databases Cochrane Collection, Consumer Health Complete, Oxford Journals, PubMed, Science Direct, and SPORTDiscus was conducted to identify studies related to the effect of virtual reality after a concussion in athletes. The search timeframe ranged from January 1990 to December 2019. The search resulted in the identification of 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 7 non-RCT studies. None of the studies were specific associated with athletes with dizziness after a concussion. Specific studies are necessary to establish the application that may respond optimally to the treatment of concussions associated with balance problems.

10

Factors determining the functional abilities of patients after stroke

88%

Kubielska J., Kostka J., Miller E.

Advances in Rehabilitation

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2020

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vol. 34

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issue 3

8-14

EN

Introduction The purpose of the study was to assess the functional abilities of patients after stroke and to identify factors that affect it. Material and methods The study was performed on 40 patients after stroke. To assess functional ability the Rivermead Motor Assessment (RMA), Barthel Index (BI), Tinetti test, and Up&Go test were used. The maximum muscle power (Pmax), optimal shortening velocity (Vopt), muscle strength, one-leg standing test, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), pain assessment (Numeric Pain Scale), nutrition assessment (Mini Nutritional Assessment Scale - MNA) were also performed. Results Functional performance was influenced by: knee flexors on the affected side (correlations respectively: RMA rho=0,37; p=0,04; Tinetti test rho=0,44; p<0,01; Up&Go test rho=-0,56; p<0,001), balance time on a non-affected leg (RMA rho=0,38; p=0,03; BI rho=0,41; p=0,01; test Tinetti rho=0,64; p<0.001; Up&Go test rho=-0.47; p=0.003), Pmax (RMA rho=0,35; p=0,04; Tinetti test rho=0,49; p<0,01; Up&Go test rho=-0,63; p<0.001), reporting problems with sitting and standing up (RMA p=0,003; Tinetti test p=0,02; Up&Go test p=0.049), using orthopedic assistance (RMA global functions p=0,01; RMA lower limb and torso p=0,04; BI p=0,003; Tinetti test p<0,001, Up&Go test p<0,001). The MNA result was correlated with RMA (rho=0,36; p ,0.04), no correlation was obtained for any of the functional tests with the extensor muscle strength on the non-affected side, GDS and pain level. Conclusions The functional ability of stroke patients is affected by knee flexors on the affected side, the ability to maintain balance, and maximum muscle power. People, who reported problems with sitting and standing up and using orthopedic assistance, are characterized by worse ability.

11

Spine Buddy® Supportive Pad Impact on Single-Leg Static Balance and a Jogging Gait of Individuals Wearing a Military Backpack

88%

Ward J., Coats J., Pourmoghaddam A.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2014

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vol. 44

|

issue 1

53-66

EN

The Spine Buddy® supportive pad was developed to be inserted underneath military backpacks to help disperse the heavy load of the backpack. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact the additional supportive pad had on static balance and a running gait while wearing a military backpack. Forty healthy subjects (age= 27.5 + 5.6 yrs, body height= 1.78 + 0.06 m, body mass= 86.5 + 14.0 kg: mean + SD) participated in a static single-leg balance test on a force plate with each lower limb while wearing a 15.9 kg military backpack for 30 s. Following this, participants were randomized to one of two interventions: 1) Intervention, which wore the Spine Buddy® supportive pad underneath their backpack or 2) Control, with no additional supportive pad. Post-intervention measurements of static single-leg balance were then recorded. Afterwards, a similar pre vs post testing schedule and randomization scheme was used to test the impact of the supportive pad on a 5 mph jogging gait using Vicon® cameras. Within-group data were analyzed with a 2-way repeated measures ANOVA. Statistically significant differences were not seen between the control and experimental group for balance and gait variables. Preliminarily, this suggests that the Spine Buddy® supportive pad causes no deleterious effect on static balance and a jogging gait in 18-45 year-old asymptomatic individuals.

12

Quality of balance and pressure distribution beneath the foot during double-leg stance in young women

88%

Korvas P.

Physical Activity Review

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2019

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issue 7

71-79

EN

One from the important preconditions for optimal performance of all physical activities is a good quality of balance. Aim of Study: The study is focusing to find out the effect of pressure distribution beneath the foot on the balance and to compare the quality of balance in physically active and inactive young women. Material and Methods: Subjects of our study were two groups of healthy young women. A: physically active women (n=28; age 21.5 years; physical activity 8.8 hour/week), B: physically inactive (n=28; age 22,0 years; physical activity 1.3 hour/week). Three balance test we carried out: double-leg stance, eyes open (EO) and closed (EC) for 30 second, one-leg stance (right, left) for 10 second. Pressure walkway (FDM system, fi. Zebris) was used for data collection. Parameters: COPv: velocity of centre of pressure (mm/s), relative value of average pressure beneath the foot (%). Results: We found out that a physically active group of young women have significantly better results in all tests (p≤0.05). Both groups showed a similar tendency for significant deterioration of the results when elimination the support surface or the visual sensor in relation to the basic OE test. The differences in the distribution of pressures between the groups were significant in the M-L directions. Inactive women significantly more loaded the non-preferred leg and the rear part of the foot. Active women showed a more balanced stance in both directions, with a slight tendency to increase the loading on the front part of foot. Conclusion: It was confirmed that the group B has a partly worse characteristics of balance than physically active peers. The foot load strategy was less favourable for the group B; during EO. Only two interesting correlations were found in active women; between COPv and ratio of feet load. Remaining correlations to COPv were low.

13

The Effects of Wetted Ice on Dynamic Stability over a Rewarming Period

88%

Alexander J., Mawene Y., Alexanders J., Jeffery J., Rhodes D.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2023

|

vol. 41

13-23

EN

BACKGROUND During half time or breaks in play cryotherapy is often applied for analgesia for minor musculoskeletal sport injury, however the effect of cryotherapy on dynamic stability is debated. A risk factor for further lower limb injury may be heightened due to a reduction in dynamic postural stability. OBJECTIVES The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of wetted-ice applied for 20-minutes at the ankle on dynamic stability using the star excursion balance test, immediately-post exposure and over a rewarming period of 30-minutes. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-two healthy male athletes that regular took part in land-based sport were assessed on reach directions of Anterior (Ant), Posteromedial (PM), and Posterolateral (PL) using the modified star excursion balance test (mSEBT) on the non-dominant limb. Thermal imaging quantified skin surface temperature (Tsk) over lateral and medial regions. Participants were tested pre-intervention, exposed to 15-minutes wetted-ice cryotherapy application, immediately-post and up to 30-minutes post intervention at 10-minute intervals. RESULTS Significant decreases in Tsk over the medial and lateral regions of the ankle (p < 0.05) not returning to pre-cooling temperatures at 30-minutes post. Significant decrease in reach -distance scores (ANT, PL and PM) pre-immediately post and at 10, 20 and 30-minutes post cryotherapy exposure. CONCLUSION Following wetted ice application to the non-dominant ankle, dynamic postural stability was adversely affected for up to 30-minutes post exposure demonstrated through a decrease in reach scores for ANT, PL and PM directions. Functional performance which requires stabilising mechanisms may be negatively affected and contribute to a heightened risk of injury or further injury in consideration of the findings.

14

The Effects of a Yoga Intervention on Balance, Speed and Endurance of Walking, Fatigue and Quality of Life in People with Multiple Sclerosis

75%

Ahmadi A., Nikbakh M., Arastoo A., Habibi A.-H.

Journal of Human Kinetics

|

2010

|

vol. 23

71-78

EN

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system that results in many symptoms including mobility limitation, fatigue and redacted quality of life.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a yoga intervention on balance, speed and endurance of walking, fatigue and quality of life in MS patients.21women with MS (34.38±5,68) with Expanded Disability Status Scale scores 1.0 to 4.0, have been randomly assigned to a yoga group or control group. Yoga group subjects participated in a thrice weekly 60-70 minute sessions of Hatha yoga intervention for 8-weeks. Balance, speed and endurance of walking, fatigue and quality of life were measured by Berg Balance scores; 10-m time and 2-minute distance walking, Fatigue Severity Scale (FFS) and Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 questionnaire (MSQOL-54) respectively.Comparison of results of pre and post intervention revealed significant improvement on balance score, walking endurance, FFS and some of MSQOL-54 scale scores in the yoga group (p≤0.05 respectively). There were no clear changes in10-m times (p= 0.132), related to yoga group. No changes were observed for control group.These results suggest that yoga intervention can be beneficial for patients with MS

15

Radiation conditions in the Hornsund area (Spitsbergen)

75%

Głowicki B., Głowicki B.

Polish Polar Research

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1985

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vol. 6

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issue 3

16

Efficacy of Exercise Protocols on Balance in Badminton Players -A Systematic Review & Meta-Analysis

75%

Indora N. K., Manoj M., Jaspreet K.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2022

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vol. 40

61-76

EN

Objective. the goal of this “systematic review” and meta-analysis is to find out the efficacy of exercise regimes on balance in badminton players. Study design. Systematic review and meta-analysis. data Source. Pub Med, “Cochrane database (Cochrane Central register of controlled Trials)”, google Scholar, Springer, and DoAJ. Eligibility criteria. limits were applied to database searches to identify papers published in English and only human studies were included. results. result of Meta – analysis was statistically significant in “anterior component of Y-balance test” (MD = 2.39, 95% ci = 1.90, 2.89; “p ≤ 0.00001”) with low heterogeneity (i² = 0%, p < 0.41). There was statistically significant improvement in postero-medial component of y- balance (MD = 2.87, 95% ci = 0.55, 5.19; p ≤ 0.02) with “moderate heterogeneity” (i² = 39%, p < 0.19). result showed statistically significant improvement in postero-lateral component of y- balance test (MD = 3.09, 95% ci = 0.64, 5.65; p ≤ 0.02) with “moderate heterogeneity (i² = 38%, p < 0.20)”. There was “statistically significant “improvement in overall balance of y-balance test in “experimental group as compared to control group (MD = 8.49, 95% ci = 4.62,12.36; p ≤ 0.0001) with low heterogeneity (i² = 0%, P < 0.47)”. Conclusion. this systematic and meta-analysis concluded that various exercise protocols may result in improvement in the balance of badminton players. PrOSPErO registration number: crD42020193620.

17

Body posture and selected stabilometric parameters among patients with depression

75%

Szczygieł E., Łopatka K., Madej M., Malec A., Golec J., Czechowska D., Masłoń A.

Medical Rehabilitation

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2015

|

vol. 19(4)

13-18

PL

Wstęp: Pionowa postawa ciała wyróżnia człowieka spośród innych istot żywych. Wyznacza również specyficzne warunki dla ruchu. Elementem łączącym zarówno postawę, jak i ruch jest stabilność. Polega ona na statycznym i dynamicznym równoważeniu destabilizujących sił grawitacji oraz bezwładności przez pobudzenie odpowiednich grup mięśniowych. Zakłócenia kontroli posturalnej mogą być uwarunkowane różnymi czynnikami. Wśród nich wymieniany jest udział czynnika psychicznego. Celem przeprowadzonych badań była analiza wybranych zmiennych charakteryzujących stabilność posturalną osób z depresją. Materiał i metody: W badaniach wzięło udział 54 osoby, które przydzielono do dwóch grup. Do pierwszej grupy zakwalifikowano 28 pacjentów ze zdiagnozowaną depresją. Średnia wieku badanych wynosiła 37,25 +/- 3,88 lat. Do drugiej grupy zakwalifikowano 26 osób. Osoby te były w pełni zdrowe, rekrutowane z ogólnej populacji, u których wykluczono depresję i obniżenie nastroju. Średnia wieku badanych wynosiła 33,31 +/- 5,19 lat. Do badań oceniających stabilność wykorzystano platformę PEL 38 i oprogramowanie komputerowe TWIN 99. Wyniki: Uzyskane wyniki różniły się istotnie między grupami w zakresie pięciu zmiennych: zmian oscylacji środka ciężkości w płaszczyźnie czołowej i strzałkowej, średniego odchylenia w płaszczyźnie czołowej oraz w parametrach niestabilności: pola powierzchni i stosunku długości do powierzchni. Grupa z depresją w porównaniu z grupą kontrolną uzyskała wyższe wartości 4 z 5 ocenianych parametrów. Wnioski: Osoby z depresją cechuje zmniejszenie stabilności ciała w porównaniu do osób bez depresji.

EN

Introduction: A vertical posture distinguishes humans from other living beings. It also determines the specific conditions for movement. The element which connects body posture and movement is stability. It is based on the static and dynamic balancing of the destabilising forces of gravity and inertia through stimulating the appropriate muscle groups. A disruption of postural control may be conditioned by various factors, among which the literature mentions mental health. The purpose of this study was a comparative analysis of selected variables characterising the postural stability of persons with depression.Material and methods: The study involved fifty-four persons who were divided into two groups. The first group comprised 28 patients diagnosed with depression. The mean age of the participants was 37.25 +/ – 3.88. The second group consisted of 26 completely healthy persons who were recruited from the general population, excluding persons with depression or a low mood. The mean age of the participants was 33.31 +/ – 5.19 years. The postural stability was assessed using a PEL 38 posturographic platform and TWIN 99 computer software.Results: The results differed significantly between the two groups with regard to five variables: oscillations of the centre of gravity in the frontal and the sagittal planes, average deviation in the frontal plane, and deviations in the parameters of instability (the surface area and the ratio of length to the surface area). It was observed that the group with a diagnosis of depression displayed higher values in 4 out of 5 the evaluated parameters when compared to the control group.Conclusions: Persons with depression are characterised by a reduced body stability compared to those who do not suffer from depression.

18

Test stania na jednej nodze jako narzędzie do oceny równowagi osób starszych

75%

Zasadzka E., Wieczorowska-Tobis K.

Geriatria

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2012

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vol. 6

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issue 4

244-248

EN

Muscle weakness, especially that of lower limbs, increases the risk of falls. It poses a threat to the functional status of elderly subjects. Among the parameters affecting the risk of falls, balance is one of the most important. There are many different tools recommended for its assessment.One leg standing test belongs to them. In this paper methodological issues, which are important for the conduction of this test, are presented with special attention paid to the diversity of procedures. Geriatria 2012; 6: 244-248.

PL

Osłabienie siły mięśniowej, zwłaszcza kończyn dolnych, zwiększa ryzyko upadków, stanowiących zagrożenie dla sprawności w starości. Do oceny równowagi, jako parametru wpływającego na upadki, można użyć wielu różnych narzędzi badawczych. Jednym z rekomendowanych prostych testów jest test stania na jednej nodze. W pracy przedstawiono problemy metodologiczne z przeprowadzeniem tego testu, zwracając uwagę na niejednolitość procedur. Geriatria 2012; 6: 244-248.

19

Ocena równowagi kobiet po 60 roku życia/ Assessment of Balance women over 60 years of age

75%

Wyszyńska J., Drzał-Grabiec J., Podgórska-Bednarz J., Pop T., Snela S.

Advances in Rehabilitation

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2015

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vol. 29

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issue 1

31-37

EN

Introduction: Correct balance is necessary ability to proper performance of activities of daily living. Age-related weakening of the sensory and motor reactions, can cause postural instability and increase risk of falls. Aim of this study is to determine the differences in the values of the parameters describing the postural stability of women over 60 years of age. Material and methods: 180 women participated in the study: 98 women between the age of 60 and 92 (x=71 years old) and 82 women between the age of 21 and 26 (x=21 years old). Standing balance was assessed in the trial with eyes open and closed, by using stabilometric platform. Six different motion parameters of center of pressure (COP) were evaluated. Results: Statistical analysis showed significant differences in most parameters of the balance of women over 60 years of age and women in the control group. Conclusions: 1) With age, there are significant changes in the in the balancing process, causing growing deficit of postural stability. 2) Women over age 60 have a worse postural stability than younger women within each analyzed parameter with the exception of swings in the frontal plane.

20

Estimation of selected parameters in stabilographic image depending on physical activity level in children and adolescents

75%

Filipowicz-Ciepły J., Golec J., Szczygieł E., Czechowska D., Cichoń M., Balicka-Bom J.

Medical Rehabilitation

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2020

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vol. 24(2)

4-14

PL

Wprowadzenie: Równowaga jest niezwykle istotną komponentą codziennego funkcjonowania człowieka. Ocena balansu ciała u dzieci może być nie tylko narzędziem diagnostycznym, ale również źródłem informacji o dojrzewaniu układu równowagi, zróżnicowaniu pod względem wieku i płci, a także o czynnikach wpływających na równowagę i jej rozwój. W praktyce, utrzymywanie balansu ciała jest procesem dynamicznym, polegającym na „ciągłej utracie i odzyskiwaniu równowagi”. Według doniesień naukowych oprócz wieku oraz stanu psychosomatycznego na rozwój określonych możliwości i strategii sensomotorycznych ma wpływ również rodzaj uprawianej dyscypliny sportowej. Cel: Celem badań była ocena wybranych zmiennych równowagi w grupie dzieci i młodzieży o zróżnicowanym poziomie aktywności sportowej. Materiał i Metody: W badaniu uczestniczyło 64 dzieci i młodzieży w wieku od 10 do 13 lat. Grupę podzielono na: Grupę I (15 dziewcząt i 17 chłopców) regularnie aktywnych fizycznie, oraz Grupę II (17 dziewcząt i 15 chłopców) nie podejmujących żadnej aktywności fizycznej. U wszystkich uczestników wykonano ocenę stabilności posturalnej za pomocą platformy stabilometrycznej typu CQStab2P. Przeprowadzone zostały 4 próby dla każdego uczestnika: w staniu obunóż, na lewej i prawej kończynie oraz w staniu swobodnym z zadaniem dodatkowym. Analizowano następujące parametry: SP (ang. Sway Path – całkowita długość ścieżki statokinezjogramu), MA (ang. Mean Amplitude – średnia długość promienia) oraz MF (ang. Mean Frequency – średnia częstotliwość zmian położenia punktu CoP – rzutu środka ciężkości ciała (ang. center of pressure)). Wyniki: U większości badanych analizowane zmienne wykazywały statystycznie istotne rozbieżności od rozkładu normalnego – wyjątek stanowiły MA-P (na prawej kończynie dolnej) oraz MF-Z (w czasie stania obunóż z zadaniem dodatkowym). Analizując SP-L (na lewej kończynie dolnej), SP-O (w czasie stania obunóż), SP-Z, MA-O, MA-Z, zaobserwowano przewagę wyników niskich w badanej próbie (prawoskośność rozkładu) oraz wyraźne skoncentrowanie w okolicy średniej (leptokurtyczność rozkładów). W próbie stania na prawej kończynie dolnej, osoby zakwalifikowane do Grupy I (trenujące) uzyskiwały istotnie statystycznie wyższe wyniki SP niż osoby z Grupy II (nietrenujące). Podczas próby stania obunóż odnotowano długość MA jako istotnie statystycznie niższą, niż w pozostałych warunkach. Ponadto wskaźnik SA podczas próby stania na prawej kończynie dolnej był istotnie statystycznie wyższy w odniesieniu do długości promienia podczas stania na kończynie lewej. Osoby trenujące cechowały się wyższą średnią promienia w porównaniu do nietrenujących. Wnioski: Trening fizyczny wpływa pozytywnie na wyniki badania posturograficznego. Nietrenujące dziewczęta cechują się istotnie statystycznie niższym poziomem wskaźnika SP w porównaniu do chłopców nietrenujących i trenujących dziewcząt.

EN

Introduction: Balance is an extremely important component of everyday human functioning. Assessment of body balance in children can be not only a diagnostic tool, but also information about the maturation of the balance system, diversity in terms of age and sex, as well as factors affecting balance and its development. In practice, maintaining body balance is a dynamic process, consisting in "continuous loss and regaining balance". According to scientific reports, in addition to age, psychosomatic status, the development of specific sensory-motor capabilities and strategies is also influenced by the type of sport. Objective: The aim of the study was to assess balance in a group of children and adolescents with different levels of sports activity. Material and methods: The study comprised 64 children and adolescents aged 10 to 13. The group was divided into: Group 1 (15 girls and 17 boys) regularly physically active, and Group 2 (17 girls and 15 boys) not undertaking any physical activity. All participants were assessed regarding postural stability using a CQStab2P stabilometric platform. Four tests were carried out for each participant: standing on both feet, on the left and right limb, and free standing with an additional task. The following parameters were analysed: SP (Sway Path) MA (Mean Amplitude) and MF (Mean Frequency). Results: In the majority of cases, the variables indicated statistically significant differences from normal distribution – except for MA-R (on the right lower limb) and MF-T (standing on both feet with additional task). In the case of the SP-L indicators (on the left lower limb), SP-B (standing on both feet), SP-T, MA-B and MA-T, the advantage of low results was observed in the examined sample (distribution accuracy) and clear concentration near the average (leptocurticity of distribution). In the case of the trial to stand on the right lower limb, training subjects obtained statistically significantly higher SP results than those non-training. During the standing test, the length of MA was recorded as statistically significantly lower than in other conditions. In addition, the SA index, when trying to stand on the right lower limb, was statistically significantly higher in relation to the length of the radius when standing on the left limb. Training participants had a higher average radius compared to those not training. Conclusions: Physical training positively affects the results of posturographic examination. Non-training girls have a statistically significantly lower level of SP compared to boys not training and training girls.

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