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1

Biotechnology in Poland

100%
Stec W. J.
Biotechnologia
|
1993
|
issue 4
7-17
EN
The paper presented two definition of biotechnology as well as achivements of new biotechnology.The status of Biotechnology in Poland and the most important topics in biotechnology research was described.
2

Polish biotechnology.A report

100%
Zabza A., Ulaszewski S.
Biotechnologia
|
1995
|
issue 4
13-58
EN
It is a good chance that biotechnology will become "the engine" of science and technology development in Poland.Many changes which have occured over the last 5 years give grounds for optymism: opening of new laboratories, computerization, relationship with United Europe and new legislation towards European standards.The scientific achievments of the scientists are more promising in Poland than in other Central Europe countries, taking into account the number of people and economic situation.However, no clearcut strategy for the development of science, very limited finances available for basic research and low salaries of scientific can destroy the still positive picture of today's biotechnology in Poland.We urgently need investments in science, and selection of biotechnology priorities (e.g. agrobiotechnology, health protection and ecology).
3

Biotechnology education in Poland

100%
Grajek W.
Biotechnologia
|
1993
|
issue 4
96-106
EN
In the 1980s biotechnology was included in the curricula of Polish universities and polytechnics.At the moment there are over 7 hundred students of biotechnology related faculties. Food and environmenental biotechnology is the most popular specialization in biotechnological education.Hovever, relatively few continue their studies at the Ph.D.level.
4

Perspectives of Biotechnology

63%
Houwink E. H.
Biotechnologia
|
1993
|
issue 4
18-30
EN
In this article the developments of new biotechnology are assessed by putting the high expectations of the early eighties in perspective and elaborating on the prospects of the nineties
5

Public perception of biotechnology

63%
Twardowski T.
Biotechnologia
|
2002
|
issue 4
121-129
EN
Public perception is one of key factors for the future development of biotechnology. We surveyed Polish society in years 1998-2001. Significant decrease of trust in biotechnology during this period of time has been found. In conclusion, the necessity of permanent education is stressed.
6

Public perception of biotechnology in Poland; Dynamics of changes in 1998-2000

63%
Twardowska-Pozorska A., Grajek W., Twardowski T.
Biotechnologia
|
2001
|
issue 1
87-100
EN
Public perception of biotechnology in Poland in years 1998-2000 was surveyed. In the survey in general the scheme of research of Eurobarometer was followed. Based on the data of last three years the changes of the opinion of Polish society in comparison to the European data were presented. About 10% reduction of the public trust and willingness to accept biotechnology was found in all social groups, except well educated, well finances group, aged 20-30 years. The conclusion is simple only the social, permanent education will improved public perception of modern technology.
7

Public perception of biotechnology ? 2003

63%
Janik-Janiec B., Twardowska A., Twardowski T.
|
2003
|
issue 3
241-259
EN
Surveys of public perception of biotechnology were conducted in Poland, similarly as Eurobarometer in EU, in 1996, 1999, 2001 and January 2003. We have observed on increase of scepticism of Polish society in acceptance of biotechnology and biotechnology products. The majority of Poles expect the supervision of state administration and strict law regulations, similarly as in EU. In comparison to the year 2000, the support for biotechnology products has decreased in about 20%. The public wants solid information and transparence system. The knowledge of basic facts related to molecular biology is relatively high. The most wanted is capacity building program.
8

Biotechnology in 1990s

63%
Kopchick J. J.
Biotechnologia
|
1995
|
issue 3
13-19
EN
The advent of molecular biology and recombinant DNA technology brought new developments not only to agricultural, but also to medicine and the basic sciences.Molecular biology and genetic engineering technologias have not onlyaccelerated progress in science, but have also heightened the potential safety risks and ethical concerns associated with these products.Objectivessuch as these can only be dealt with by conscientious integation of scientific information with the ethical discussions.The use of recombinant DNA technology has and will continue to be used for the diagnosis of disease, gene therapy type strategies, as well as in forensic arenas.Dwespite many problems associated with, biotechnology will continue into a vibrant, healthy "adult".
9

Recent practice in biotechnology patenting at the EPO

63%
Heiman-Pohl B.
Biotechnologia
|
2001
|
issue 3
13-19
EN
Patent practice at the European Patent Office for biotechnological inventions is presented. The patentobility of different inventions in DNA field are discussed.
10

The buddhism's view on biotechnology

63%
Wachowicz P.
Biotechnologia
|
2005
|
issue 1
166-171
EN
In this paper, the Buddhists' teaching related to modern biotechnology is presented. Buddhists live in accordance with nature and according to their beliefs any intervention in the nature is wrong
11

Technical Committee "Biotechnology" (CEN/TC 233) European Committee for Standarization

63%
Ilnicka-Olejniczak O.
Biotechnologia
|
1996
|
issue 1
117-128
EN
Harmonization of norms concerning biotechnology in European Union is presented structure and activities of European Committee for Standarization are discussed.
12

Microbial resources of biotechnology - the oganization of culture collections

63%
Ilnicka-Olejniczak K.
Biotechnologia
|
1994
|
issue 4
126-139
EN
The organization and activities of the World Federation for Culture Colletions, the World Data Center, The European Culture Colletion Organization Microbial Strain Data Network and the Microbial Informtion Network Europe were described.Special attention was given to the activities of the Polish Culture Colletions.
13

Public perception of biotechnology in European Union

63%
Przestalski A., Suchocki B., Twardowski T.
Biotechnologia
|
1998
|
issue 1
22-42
EN
The authors review the Eurobarometer 1996 data concerning public perception of biotechnology in European Union countries.
14

Hydantoinases ? significance and applications in biotechnology

63%
Latacz G., Pekala E., Kiec-Kononowicz K.
Biotechnologia
|
2006
|
issue 2
189-205
EN
Hydantoinase is an industrial enzyme widely used for the synthesis of nonnatural D- or L-amino acids. Optically pure amino acids are required for production of semisynthetic antibiotics, active peptides or agrochemicals such as pesticides, herbicides, pyrethroides, and are important as feed and food additives. Major advantages of application of hydantoinase in industry are: high efficiency, stereoselectivity, easy production of substrates for enzyme and environment friendly alternative to chemical methods.
15

The protection of new developments in the field of Biotechnology by means of patent and plant varieties protection

51%
van Raden L.
Biotechnologia
|
1993
|
issue 4
40-45
16

Role of biotechnology in developing the bioenergy sector in Poland

51%
Daroch M., Mos M.
Biotechnologia
|
2011
|
issue 1
23-32
EN
The Polish economy is facing a green revolution with the implementation of European Union (EU) directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources. Poland could benefit substantially from this shift as it has one of the highest hectarage per capita in the EU and therefore has land resources that could be used for growing plant-based renewable energy sources. However, the development of domestic technologies and know-how is essential if Poland is to take full advantage of the opportunities. Biotechnology should play a pivotal role in the development of technologies which would lead to a bio-based economy for Poland. However, this would require the synergistic action of many sectors: research and development, legislation, and essentially capital investment. This review aims to summarise current biotechnological approaches to bioenergy and to demonstrate how they relate to scientific and economic potential in Poland.
17

Biotechnology in regenerative and reproductive medicine

51%
Kamieniarz K., Nawrot R., Grajek K., Gozdzicka-Jozefiak A.
Biotechnologia
|
2006
|
issue 2
31-48
EN
Rapid progress in molecular biology, genetics, and mammalian biotechnology has revolutionized diagnostic, therapeutic and reproductive cloning in mammals. Recently, several human gene products have been able to be pharmaceutically explored in transgenic organisms and employed for medical applications. When organs or tissues are irreparably damaged, they may be also replaced with an artificial device or donor organ. Promising and also controversial application for therapeutic and regenerative medicine is stem cells engineering.
18

Survey of public perception of biotechnology of the students of city of Lodz College? students

51%
Armache K.
Biotechnologia
|
2001
|
issue 4
108-114
EN
600 students (aged 16-years) of colleges of city of Lodz were surveyed about biotechnology. The students represent higher knowledge of modern biotechnology than average either in Poland or in European Union.
19

Biotechnology in the light of the law of European Community - some comments

51%
Mik C.
Biotechnologia
|
1998
|
issue 1
24-28
EN
The author discusses EU regulations concerning biotechnology, a new technology which strongly influences the internal market. Primary regulations (the treaty), secondary (regulations, directives, decisions) and general principles of the Community Law are considered. The association agreement between Poland and the European Community (the European Agreement) is also taken into account. Directives Nos 90/219, 90/220 appear to play a key role in the field of biotechnology. The activities of the Member States (soon including Poland) are concentrated on making the national regulatory frameworks compatible with the EU directives concerning biotechnology.
20

Transgenic animals in agriculture and medicine

51%
Rosochacki S. J., Zwierzchowski L.
Biotechnologia
|
1999
|
issue 2
7-24
EN
One of the most important issues in the use of transgenic technology in animal breeding is production of meat. For that purpose growth enhancing DNA sequences are introduced to the genome of pigs, sheep, cattle, rabbits and fish. The structural elements of the introduced genes usually GH, GRF or IGF-I, which are combined with the regulatory elements. In the case of transgenic swine, the higher growth rate, and the lower fat content were achieved by using these gene constructs. However, a number of such swines were sterile and had some other pathological problems. Similar and even more serious problems, were noticed in the case of transgenic sheep up. To date, most transgenic livestock projects focused on enhancing growth in farm animals by overexpressing growth hormone have to pathological changes in transgenic farm animals; only in transgenic fish no such problems have been ecountered. Fast growing transgenic trouts, carps and salmons carrying the so called 'all fish gene constructs' could be used even right now as food. Another goal in transgenic livestock projects is manufacturing of biologicaly active human proteins in the mammary gland. Transgenic sheep, goats, pigs and cows which produce human pharmaceuticals in their milk have been obtained. Some of such proteins undergo clinical trials. In another arena, it is planned to modify the milk of ruminants in order to obtain better product, which will be used in the dairy industry. It is possible to introduce more copies of milk protein genes into the genome, 'improving' the existing genes, or to inhibit the expression of some genes - thus reducing or eliminating the production of unwanted proteins. Another way to modify milk composition is the so called 'humanisation' of cow's milk by changing the proportion of cow's to human proteins. So far, all these modifications in the area of milk proteins are done mostly on laboratory animals and the introduction of these possibilities to farm animals would be desirable. Except for fish, transgenic farm animals are relatively safe to the environment; the probability of transgenic animals surviving and reproducing out of farms is rather very low. On the contrary, introduction of highly productive farm animals (cows, pigs) to breeding would be profitable to the environment and the called 'transgenic bioreactors' would also cause decrease of chemical or pharmaceutical industry contamination to the environment. For consumers, the products obtained from transgenic animals should be safe. 'Transgenic' products, which normaly exist in the nature, are not more unsafe than their natural counterparts. There is a clear consumer demand for testing all new products which normaly do not exist in the nature, i.e. proteins with totaly new amino acid sequence, before their introducing into the market. However, this is also valid for all novel food products, not only those obtained by biotechnology.
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