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Acta Physica Polonica A
|
2014
|
vol. 125
|
issue 2
615-617
EN
Glass-ceramic materials were developed from gabbro including MgO and Al_2O_3 additives. Heat treatments for phase transformation from glassy matrix to glass-ceramic were carried out at 1000C for 3 h. X-ray diffraction studies conducted on the glass-ceramic samples revealed that the phases formed in the glass-ceramics were cordierite, anorthite, diopsitic augite, forsterite and andesine. Glass and glass-ceramic materials were tested for wear properties against a harder alumina counterface using by a ball-on-disc tribometer at dry sliding condition. Wear tests were realized under the loads of 2.5, 5, and 7.5 N and at the sliding speeds of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 m/s. Wear rate of the glass and glass-ceramics ranged from 7.324 × 10^{-7} and 2.150 × 10^{-3}-9.971 × 10^{-7} and 4.982 × 10^{-5} mm^3/m, respectively. It was shown that the crystallization treatment caused the decrease of wear rate.
2
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Granite Based Glass-Ceramic Materials

63%
EN
In this study, production possibility of glass and glass-ceramic produced from granite was investigated. The composition of granite based glass bath mixture was 50 wt% granite, 25 wt% dolomite and 25 wt% sodium carbonate. Composition that was grounded and mixed in a ball mill for 2 h was melted at 1500C for 1 h. Glass samples were heat treated for crystallization to produce glass-ceramic materials at 800°C, 900C and 1000C for 2 h to promote internal crystallization. Phase identifications of glass and glass-ceramic materials were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis. Moreover, hardness and fracture toughness measurement of glass and glass-ceramic materials were applied. Granite based materials after that melting and casting process was found amorphous state by characterization with X-ray diffraction analysis. After the heat treatment processes, crystal phases settled out in glass matrix were also determined in granite based materials. Moreover, values of hardness and fracture toughness increasing were detected by heat treatment schedule.
EN
Glass-ceramics were produced by sintering method from industrial waste materials such as fly ash, blast furnace slag and boron waste. The sintering behavior and machinability of glass-ceramic compositions were investigated. Additives were added to waste materials for enhancement of machinability and sintering properties. All starting materials were mixed by ball milling for 2 h using alumina media. The mixed and milled powders were sieved to grain sizes smaller than 75 μm and pressed at 100 MPa. The pressed samples were sintered at 900°C, 1000°C and 1100°C for 1 h in an electric furnace using a heating rate of 5°C/min. Some characterization tests such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and machinability tests were performed on sintered samples. The results indicated that all samples exhibit good sintering and machinability properties.
4
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Bond Strength of Basalt Based Glass-Ceramic Coatings

51%
EN
In the present study, powders produced from the volcanic basalt rocks were coated on pre-coated AISI 1040 steel with Ni-5% Al bond coat by atmospheric plasma spray coating technique. The coated specimens were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, metallography and X-ray diffraction. Bonding strength of coatings was evaluated in accordance with the ASTM C-633 method. Coated basalt material from the APS coating system was determined in the glassy amorphous state by X-ray diffraction analysis. The coated samples were heat-treated at 800C for 1-4 h for crystallization. The phases formed in the basalt base glass-ceramic coatings were augite, Fe-diopside, anorthite, and andesine which were detected by X-ray diffraction analysis. Basalt based glass-ceramic coatings include splat, porosity and un-melted particles which were the characteristic of plasma sprayed coatings. Experiment result showed that the crystallization time increase caused the decrease of the bond strengths of the coatings.
5
51%
EN
In the current study, the effect of boron waste addition on some properties of fly ash based glass and glass-ceramics were investigated. The powder compositions including 10, 30, and 50 wt% boron waste was prepared. All the investigated compositions were melted at 1500C by using electrical furnaces. Melting structures were cast into the graphite mold. Thus, fly ash-boron waste based glass materials were produced. To transform the glass-ceramic, crystallization process was performed. Crystallization and glass-transition temperatures were determined by differential thermal analysis. Highly dense and crystalline materials, predominantly composed of diopside and augite together with tincalconite and residual glassy phase, were detected by X-ray diffraction analysis after heat treatment at 800, 900, and 1000C for 1 h. For the glass and glass-ceramic samples, mechanical tests such as hardness and fracture toughness were realized. A boron waste addition has a positive effect on the hardness of the specimens unlike the fracture toughness results. Furthermore, produced glass-ceramic materials were characterized via scanning electron microscopy.
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