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2015 | 13 | 1 | 5-10

Article title

Rak endometrium typu I i II – nowe spojrzenie na etiologię i przebieg kliniczny

Content

Title variants

EN
Type I and II endometrial cancer – a new look at the etiology and clinical course

Languages of publication

EN PL

Abstracts

EN
Endometrial cancer is the most frequent malignancy of female genital organs in more developed countries. It is a heterogeneous tumor with variable risk factors, precancerous conditions, clinical course and prognosis. The majority of cases are sporadic, however endometrial cancer develops in around 8–12% of women with Lynch syndrome, who are at increased risk of this disease. MLH1, MSH2 and MSH6 mutations are observed with equal frequency. Recent molecular studies on endometrial cancer indicate that the classic division into two types according to Bokhman is insufficient, particularly with respect to type II which is less common, and which includes both serous carcinomas and clear-cell carcinomas. Endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma is considered a precursor lesion for uterine serous carcinoma. In immunohistochemical tests (p53, Ki67, ER and PR) it resembles a precursor lesion for ovarian serous carcinoma, possibly indicating the clonal origin of both carcinomas. It is possible that cells from the foci of endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma migrate to the fallopian tube and lead to the peritoneal spread of the disease. Differential diagnosis of uterine serous carcinoma and ovarian serous carcinoma is difficult; testing ER and PR profiles and evaluation of WT1 expression can prove helpful. In recent years, it has been found that uterine serous carcinoma can be associated with the carrier state of mutated BRCA1. These studies are significant since in carriers of mutated BRCA1, apart from prophylactic adnexectomy, hysterectomy should be considered as well. Another important aspect in such cases is therapy with PARP inhibitors.
PL
Rak endometrium jest najczęstszym nowotworem złośliwym żeńskich narządów płciowych w krajach wysoko rozwiniętych. To heterogenny nowotwór o zróżnicowanych czynnikach ryzyka, stanach przedrakowych, przebiegu klinicznym i rokowaniu. Większość przypadków ma charakter sporadyczny, jednak kobiety z zespołem Lyncha mają rodzinne predyspozycje do powstania tego nowotworu, rozwijającego się u 8–12% z nich. Mutacje w MLH1, MSH2 i MSH6 występują z równą częstością. Najnowsze badania molekularne raka endometrium wskazują, że klasyczny podział według Bokhmana – na dwa typy – jest niewystarczający, zwłaszcza w obrębie rzadszego typu II, w którym stwierdzane są zarówno raki surowicze, jak i jasnokomórkowe. Za zmianę prekursorową raka surowiczego endometrium (uterine serous carcinoma) uznaje się śródnabłonkowego raka surowiczego (endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma). W badaniach immunohistochemicznych (p53, Ki67, ER i PR) wykazuje on podobieństwo do zmiany prekursorowej surowiczego raka jajnika (serous ovarian carcinoma), co może świadczyć o klonalnym pochodzeniu obu raków. Istnieje możliwość, że komórki z ognisk śródnabłonkowego raka surowiczego migrują do jajowodu i prowadzą do śródotrzewnowego rozsiewu choroby. Rozróżnienie raka surowiczego endometrium i surowiczego raka jajnika jest trudne; pomocne są badania profilu ER, PR i ocena ekspresji WT1. W ostatnich latach stwierdzono, iż rak surowiczy endometrium może mieć związek z nosicielstwem zmutowanego BRCA1. Badania te są istotne, gdyż u nosicieli zmutowanego BRCA1 oprócz profilaktycznej adneksektomii powinno się rozważyć również histerektomię. Innym ważnym aspektem byłaby w tych przypadkach terapia przy pomocy inhibitorów PARP.

Discipline

Year

Volume

13

Issue

1

Pages

5-10

Physical description

Contributors

  • Klinika Perinatologii i Chorób Kobiecych, Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu. Kierownik: prof. dr hab. n. med. Krzysztof Drews
  • Klinika Onkologii, Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu. Kierownik: prof. dr hab. n. med. Rodryg Ramlau
  • Klinika Perinatologii i Chorób Kobiecych, Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu. Kierownik: prof. dr hab. n. med. Krzysztof Drew
  • Klinika Onkologii, Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu. Kierownik: prof. dr hab. n. med. Rodryg Ramlau

References

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Document Type

review

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.psjd-78d1eeda-4fbc-4046-9cfd-be64e49af241
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