EN
When autofluorescent protein such as green fluorescent protein (GFP) is excited with light of a specific wavelength, it emits light of a longer wavelength without further addition of substrates. Gfp belongs to a family of reporter genes which provide easily detectable phenotypes to microbial cells and are, therefore, a valuable tool for the study of microorganisms in the environment, especially for analysis of processes such as microbe-plant interactions, biofilm formation, horizontal gene transfer (HGT) and gene expression analysis in different conditions (under influence of biological, physical and chemical factors), and bacterial biosensors costruction. In this paper, the main possibilities of gfp gene as a marker application in microbial ecology, gene expression analysis and biosensors development are presented.