PSJD - Yadda

1

Strength, Endurance, Throwing Velocity and in-Water Jump Performance of Elite German Water Polo Players

100%

Zinner C., Sperlich B., Krueger M., Focke T., Reed J., Mester J.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2015

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vol. 45

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issue 1

149-156

EN

The purpose of this study was threefold: 1) to assess the eggbeater kick and throwing performance using a number of water polo specific tests, 2) to explore the relation between the eggbeater kick and throwing performance, and 3) to investigate the relation between the eggbeater kick in the water and strength tests performed in a controlled laboratory setting in elite water polo players. Fifteen male water polo players of the German National Team completed dynamic and isometric strength tests for muscle groups (adductor, abductor, abdominal, pectoralis) frequently used during water polo. After these laboratory strength tests, six water polo specific in-water tests were conducted. The eggbeater kick assessed leg endurance and agility, maximal throwing velocity and jump height. A 400 m test and a sprint test examined aerobic and anaerobic performance. The strongest correlation was found between jump height and arm length (p < 0.001, r = 0.89). The laboratory diagnostics of important muscles showed positive correlations with the results of the in-water tests (p < 0.05, r = 0.52-0.70). Muscular strength of the adductor, abdominal and pectoralis muscles was positively related to in-water endurance agility as assessed by the eggbeater kick (p < 0.05; r = 0.53-0.66). Findings from the current study emphasize the need to assess indices of water polo performance both in and out of the water as well as the relation among these parameters to best assess the complex profile of water polo players.

2

Ball Possession Effectiveness in Men’s Elite Floorball According to Quality of Opposition and Game Period

100%

Gómez M.-Á., Prieto M., Pérez J., Sampaio J.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2013

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vol. 38

227-237

EN

The aim of the present study was to identify the importance of floorball tactical variables to predict ball possession effectiveness, when controlling quality of opposition and game periods. The sample was composed by 1500 ball possessions, corresponding to 14 games randomly selected from the International Championships played during 2008 and 2010 (World Championship, Four nations tournament and classificatory phases for World Championship) by teams from different competition levels (HIGH, INTERMEDIATE and LOW). The effects of the predictor variables on successful ball possessions according to the three game contexts (HIGH vs. HIGH; HIGH vs. LOW; LOW vs. LOW games) were analyzed using Binomial Logistic Regressions. The results showed no interaction with the game period. In HIGH vs. HIGH games, quality of opposition showed an association with ball possession effectiveness with ending zone, offensive system, possession duration, height of shooting and defensive pressures previous to the shot. In HIGH vs. LOW games the important factors were the starting zone, possession duration, defensive pressure previous to the last pass and to the shot, technique of shooting and the number players involved in each ball possession. Finally, in LOW vs. LOW games, the results emphasized the importance of starting and ending zones, the number of passes used and the technique of shooting. In conclusion, elite floorball performance is mainly affected by quality of opposition showing different game patterns in each context that should be considered by coaches when preparing practices and competitions.

3

The Importance of Parents’ Behavior in their Children’s Enjoyment and Amotivation in Sports

100%

Sánchez-Miguel P. A., Leo F. M., Sánchez-Oliva D., Amado D., García-Calvo T.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2013

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vol. 36

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issue 1

169-177

EN

The main aim of the research was to examine the relationship between motivational orientations and parents’ behavior with regard to the players’ motivational orientation, motivational climate, enjoyment and amotivation. The sample comprised 723 athletes (M = 12.37, SD = 1.48) and 723 parents (M = 46.46, SD = 2.56). Players were male and female who belonged to federative basketball, handball, football and volleyball teams. Parents and athletes completed questionnaires that assessed motivational orientations, parents’ involvement in the practice as well as enjoyment and motivation in the sport. Results showed a positive relationship between parents’ support of the sport and players’ enjoyment and a negative relationship with players’ amotivation. Moreover, in players who perceived more pressure from their parents, there was a positive association with amotivation and a negative one with enjoyment. Lastly, it was emphasized that appropriate parental participation can promote an increase of players’ enjoyment of and motivation for sport

4

Test-Retest Reliability and Validity of Three Different Agility Tests for Various Team Sports in Young Male Athletes

88%

Kutlu M., Doğan Ö.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2018

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vol. 22

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issue 2

33-38

EN

The purpose of this study is to examine the reproducibility of three different agility tests in basketball, soccer and water polo team sports. To determine the reliability 44 young male athletes (Basketball age 16.5 ±0.6, height 177.9 ±7.7 weight 70.0 ±7.1; Soccer age 16.3 ±0.5, height 169.2 ±5.0, weight 71.2 ±7.9; Water Polo age 17.1 ±0.7, height 181.3 ±6.7, weight 76.7 ±7.2) performed 3 different agility tests (Zig-Zag, Illinois and AS) on two occasions 1 wk. apart for test-retest. Sprint time scores were analyzed for each test. To determine the reliability Paired Sample T-test and Pearson Correlation Statistics were computed. Scores of teams were compared with ANOVA statistics to determine the difference. Test results showed that there was no significant difference between the two occasions for all agility test on subjects and teams (p > 0.01). There was higher correlation between test-retest values of subjects (r = 0.90–0.97). Three different agility tests were found valid in determining agility with significant moderate level correlation. (r = 0.36–0.44; p < 0.01). Differences among sport branches were found significant for agility scores (p < 0.05). All three agility tests are reliable and valid for team sport athletes. Soccer players had better scores than other branches in soccer specific test (AS). This study showed that sport specific agility tests are more useful than general agility tests.

5

Relationships Between Vertical Jump and Full Squat Power Outputs With Sprint Times in U21 Soccer Players

88%

López-Segovia M., Marques M., van den Tillaar R., González-Badillo J.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2011

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vol. 30

135-144

EN

The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between power variables in the vertical jump and full squat with the sprint performance in soccer players. Fourteen under-21 soccer players were evaluated in two testing sessions separated by 7 days. In the first testing session, vertical jump height in countermovement was assessed, and power output for both loaded countermovement jump (CMJL) and full squat (FS) exercises in two progressive load tests. The second testing session included sprinting at 10, 20, and 30m (T10, T20, T30, T10-20, T10-30, T20-30). Power variables obtained in the loaded vertical jump with 20kg and full squat exercise with 70kg showed significant relationships with all split times (r=-0.56/-0.79; p≤ 0.01/0.01). The results suggest that power produced either with vertical jump or full squat exercises is an important factor to explain short sprint performance in soccer players. These findings might suggest that certain levels of neuromuscular activation are more related with sprint performance reflecting the greater suitability of loads against others for the improvement of short sprint ability in under-21 soccer players.

6

Basketball Players' Perception of Their Coaches

88%

Antón A., Rodríguez G.

Human Movement

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2011

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vol. 12

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issue 4

347-377

EN

Purpose. The aim of this study was to analyse Spanish women basketball players' perception of their coaches in order to discover whether this perception is different from those in other sports and which character traits are the most appreciated in the sport of basketball. Methods. We administered a questionnaire survey in December 2010 to a total of 65 Spanish national division basketball players, where they were asked to evaluate their coaches with a set of 10 adjectives, rating them on a Likert seven-point scale with 1 being the least favourable and 7 the most favourable. Results. The results find that the players have a generally positive opinion of their coaches' personal qualities, although there were some small differences in the evaluation of what might be called "professional" qualities, which were not as high. Traits such as honesty (6.01), friendliness (5.97) or self-confidence (5.43) had higher values than imagination (4.3), dynamism (4.9), intelligence (5.1) and other attributes which could relate more to technical aspects or methods of training. With regard to the totality of the scale, the mean was found to be 5.22, with the maximum value being 6.01 for honesty and the lowest for imagination at 4.3. None of the analysed adjectives received a negative rating by the players. Conclusions. This study finds that women basketball players have an overall good perception of their coaches, as based on the analysed sample. These results are very similar to previous findings in other sports. In addition, they rate "personal" features with a higher score than traits that could be considered "professional" and, therefore, be an opinion of job performance.

7

THE PPARA GENE POLYMORPHISM IN TEAM SPORTS ATHLETES

88%

Ahmetov I. I., Egorova E. S., Mustafina L. J.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2013

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vol. 1

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issue 1

19-24

EN

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) is a transcription factor that regulates lipid and glucose metabolism. Accumulating evidence suggests that the intron 7 C allele of the PPARA gene rs4253778 G/C polymorphism has an advantage for power-oriented athletes, presumably due to the hypertrophic effects on skeletal muscle and increase in glucose utilization in response to anaerobic exercise. The G allele, however, is said to be favorable for the endurance-oriented athletes. The metabolic demands of team sports involve aerobic and anaerobic energy pathways, as a result of the intermittent physical activity. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between the PPARA gene polymorphism and team-sport athletic status. A total of 665 Russian athletes from 14 team sports and 1,706 controls were involved in the case-control study. We found that the frequency of the PPARA C allele was significantly higher in athletes compared to controls (20.5 vs. 16.4%, P = 0.0009), suggesting that anaerobic rather than aerobic metabolism may be crucial to the game performance in team sports. This means that our study indicates the association between the PPARA gene G/C polymorphism and team-sport athletic status. Although more replication studies are needed, the preliminary data suggest an opportunity to use the analysis of PPARA polymorphism, along with other gene variations and standard phenotypic assessment in team sports selection.

8

Defence Efficacy in Practice and Competition. A Case Study in Women’s Volleyball

88%

Palao J. M., Giménez-Ibarra M. I.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2015

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vol. 12

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issue 4

25-34

EN

The aim of this study was to compare the player positions, situations, techniques, and efficacy in defence between practice and competition for a women’s professional volleyball team. The sample was a Spanish professional women’s volleyball team. The defence actions carried out in three sessions of the competitive season and two in-season matches were studied (794 rallies in practice and 166 rallies in competition). The variables studied were: actions done, defence zone, player role, type of attack, court defence technique, game phase, situations, level of execution of the defence team system, block efficacy, defence efficacy, and result of the rally for the analysed team. Descriptive and inferential analyses of the data were done (Mann-Whitney U, and Chi-Square Test and likelihood ratio). Differences in defence systems and efficacies were found between practice and competition. A higher collective efficacy was found in competition, and higher levels of individual block and defence efficacies were found in practice. The results show the need to reconsider the way match analysis is done. Consideration should not only be given to the actions done with the ball when analysing players’ performance.

9

EFFECT OF AN EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM ABOUT GAME STATISTICS AND A GOAL-SETTING INTERVENTION IN A COMMUNITY COLLEGE WOMEN'S VOLLEYBALL TEAM

88%

Palao J. M.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2016

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vol. 14

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issue 2

27-35

EN

The aim was to assess an educational program about game statistics and a goal setting intervention in a community college women’s volleyball team. The sample consisted of 12 players from a Midwestern community college women’s volleyball team. A quasiexperimental design with a pre-test, post-test, and re-test was done. The dependent variable was the players’ perception and use of the game statistics. The independent variable was the educational program about game statistics and goal setting. The coaches’ and players’ perception, level of satisfaction, and completion of the task during the sessions were recorded. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. A descriptive and inferential analysis of the results (t-test for evidence of relationship) was done. After the educational training, the players’ perceptions of their ability to understand, analyse, and use information about game statistics and do goal setting in practice and in competition increased significantly. The players used the information significantly more in their practice for all the game actions. Players believed that the abilities they learned helped to improve their performance and the way they practiced. The players believed that the intervention was useful, that it helped them to focus in practice, and that it helped them to focus on technique and the quality of the actions, as well as to better monitor their progress. The educational program was effective with regard to increasing players’ perception and understanding about statistics and in the use of statistics and goal setting in practice for monitoring the quality of their actions and their progress.

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Strength, Endurance, Throwing Velocity and in-Water Jump Performance of Elite German Water Polo Players

Ball Possession Effectiveness in Men’s Elite Floorball According to Quality of Opposition and Game Period

The Importance of Parents’ Behavior in their Children’s Enjoyment and Amotivation in Sports

Test-Retest Reliability and Validity of Three Different Agility Tests for Various Team Sports in Young Male Athletes

Relationships Between Vertical Jump and Full Squat Power Outputs With Sprint Times in U21 Soccer Players

Basketball Players' Perception of Their Coaches

THE PPARA GENE POLYMORPHISM IN TEAM SPORTS ATHLETES

Defence Efficacy in Practice and Competition. A Case Study in Women’s Volleyball

EFFECT OF AN EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM ABOUT GAME STATISTICS AND A GOAL-SETTING INTERVENTION IN A COMMUNITY COLLEGE WOMEN'S VOLLEYBALL TEAM