PSJD - Yadda

1

Sarcopenic obesity in older people

100%

Bobowik P. Ż.

|

2020

|

vol. 34

|

issue 4

25-35

EN

Senility is strongly associated with changes in body composition. Sarcopenic obesity (SO) consists of symptoms such as increased body fat mass and a reduction in muscle strength and/or mass. The review covered treatment methods and diagnostic criteria used in SO patients. Moreover, the impact of SO on the health of older people was reviewed. Papers from the Science Direct and PubMed databases were analysed. The following keywords were used: “sarcopenic obesity”, "diagnostic", "treatment", "elderly", and "physical therapy". The inclusion criteria encompassed research studies on SO in older people. To be precise, the review included papers from January 2015 to March 2020, and the review itself was carried out from March to April 2020. Out of over 1,200 SO articles, 18 met all inclusion and exclusion criteria. All of the chosen papers were divided into two main groups. The first group contained papers about SO’s impact on the health of older people. The second comprised works about SO treatment methods. The most commonly used SO diagnostic indicators were: BMI (25kg/m2-30kg/m2), BF% (27%-42%), SMI (x<24%-27%; SMI 0.789), and ALST (x<15.02 kg). SO was also assessed via the use of algorithms. Sarcopenic obesity is a common syndrome related to body composition in older people. Currently, SO patients can be effectively treated with aerobic and resistance training, whole-body electromyostimulations (WB-EMS), supplements, and psychological interventions. Due to the great impact of SO on people’s health, future studies should concentrate on systematising the diagnostic criteria for SO.

2

Aspects of ageing on professional opera singer’s voice – preliminary findings

100%

Sobolewska A., Claros P., Pujol C., Claros-Pujol A., Claros P.

Polish Journal of Otolaryngology

|

2019

|

vol. 73

|

issue 4

29-34

EN

Objectives: The main goals of this study were to assess the most significant morphological changes and acoustic measures for the ageing process of a professional opera singer’s voice. Design: This investigation included 58 healthy professional opera singers, who were compared with 42 young opera singers from the control group. Methods: All participants underwent a voice assessment protocol: ENT specialist examination and speech therapist evaluation. Acoustic parameters and subjective observations were obtained and analysed. R esults: Fundamental frequency (F0) level was distinctly decreased in the case of older female singers, but F0 in older male singers had stable levels in comparison to that in younger singers. Older singers were found not to have substantially different values of jitter than younger ones. Maximal phonation time (MPT) was longer in the older women’s group when compared to the younger singers, but not relatively different in the men’s group. Shimmer value presented no age-related change. Morphological changes seem to correlate with the age of subjects. C onclusions: The main characteristic of voice change with age was a decreased F0 level among older female professional singers and rather stable F0 levels in male singers. This study gives preliminary results on the ageing of voice in the population of professional opera singers.

3

Aspects of ageing on professional opera singer’s voice – preliminary findings

100%

Sobolewska A., Claros P., Pujol C., Claros-Pujol A., Claros P.

|

vol. 73(4)

29-34

EN

Objectives: The main goals of this study were to assess the most significant morphological changes and acoustic measures for the ageing process of a professional opera singer’s voice. Design: This investigation included 58 healthy professional opera singers, who were compared with 42 young opera singers from the control group. Methods: All participants underwent a voice assessment protocol: ENT specialist examination and speech therapist evaluation. Acoustic parameters and subjective observations were obtained and analysed. R esults: Fundamental frequency (F0) level was distinctly decreased in the case of older female singers, but F0 in older male singers had stable levels in comparison to that in younger singers. Older singers were found not to have substantially different values of jitter than younger ones. Maximal phonation time (MPT) was longer in the older women’s group when compared to the younger singers, but not relatively different in the men’s group. Shimmer value presented no age-related change. Morphological changes seem to correlate with the age of subjects. C onclusions: The main characteristic of voice change with age was a decreased F0 level among older female professional singers and rather stable F0 levels in male singers. This study gives preliminary results on the ageing of voice in the population of professional opera singers.

4

Compensatory effect of TNFα on low natural killer activity in the elderly.

100%

Myśliwska J., Bryl E., Trzonkowski P., Myśliwski A.

|

2000

|

vol. 47

|

issue 2

301-311

EN

Regulatory effect of CD25, an activation antigen the α subunit of interleukin 2 receptor (IL2R) on the activity of natural killer (NK) cells was studied in fifty elderly (57-70 years old) and fifty young people (19-35 years old). Cytotoxic NK activity was assessed by 51Cr release assay, the levels of interleukin 2 (IL2) and tumour necrosis factors α (TNFα) were measured using bioassays and expression of CD16 and CD25 proteins by flow cytometry. Low NK activity in the elderly was associated with decline of full health, lowered serum concentration of IL2 and increased production of TNFα during NK reaction. Inhibition of TNFα activity by anti-TNF monoclonal antibody suppressed exclusively NK activity of low NK responders. Moreover, stimulation in vitro of blood mononuclear cells, with TNFα induced in the elderly low NK responders a significantly higher increase of the CD25 expression on the surface of NK cells as compared with that in the elderly high responders. Since the CD25 molecule constitutes a subunit of the high affinity receptor, binding IL2 to immunocompetent cells, its increased expression on NK cells of low NK responders would enable them to bind even low amounts of the endogenous IL2 available in this group of the elderly. Thus, an overproduction of TNFα seems to be a mechanism compensating, in the non-fully healthy elderly, for the decreased IL2 production, promoting efficient cytotoxic reaction.

5

“I am not too old to play” – The Past, Present and Future of 50 and Over Organized Sport Leagues

100%

Webb E., Stratas A., Karlis G.

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

|

2017

|

vol. 74

|

issue 1

12-18

6

DIFFERENCES OF THE HEALTH- RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE SENIOR CITIZENS

100%

Błachnio A.

Acta Neuropsychologica

|

2020

|

vol. 18(2)

183-193

EN

The aim of the study was to examine the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of the elderly in Poland. Researcher investigated if differences between gender groups were influenced by other variables such as period of ageing („young-old” vr „old-old”) and place of residence (big city, small town, village). The study sample comprised 2565 elderly who were at least 60 years of age. The average age for men was 72,76 and for women 72,39. The health-related quality of life was evaluated using the Polish adaptation WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Respondents rated both quality of life and general health well. Nevertheless the health-related quality of life domains’ rating decreases with age. Women are commonly less satisfied with the WHOQOL-BREF domains. Men living in little towns declared not only a high level of quality of life, but their estimates in the early and late old age are similar. The diversity of health-related quality of life needs further investigation along with a number of more subjective indicators of individual experiencing one’s old age (e.g. sense of one’s time of life or the awareness of age-related changes).

7

Problems of Varistor Quality Assessment During Exploitation

100%

Smulko J., Olesz M., Hasse L., Kaczmarek L., Lentka G.

Metrology and Measurement Systems

|

2012

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issue 2

8

Effects of Fatigue Induced by Prolonged Gait When Walking on the Elderly

88%

Pereira M., Gonçalves M.

Human Movement

|

2011

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vol. 12

|

issue 3

242-247

EN

Purpose. Fatigue has been pointed as a fall risk in the elderly; however, the effects of prolonged gait on neuromuscular recruitment and on its pattern remain unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of prolonged gait on neuromuscular recruitment levels and spatial-temporal gait variables. Methods. Eight healthy older women (age: 72.63 ± 6.55 years) walked at their preferred walking speed for twenty minutes on a treadmill. The Root Mean Square (RMS) from the vastus-lateralis, femoral biceps, tibialis anterior and lateral gastrocnemius muscles were determined at the first and last minute of the test during the moments of Heel Strike (HS), Terminal Stance and Terminal Swing (TS). In addition, coactivation in the knee and ankle as well as the stride cadence and length were measured in the test. The two RMS data (taken at the first and last minute) were compared by means of a Student's t-test. Results. Twenty minutes of walking induced fatigue in the subjects, as observed through an increase in RMS, notably during the HS and TS. Coactivation was also influenced by the prolonged gait test. The only gait phase where a risk of falling was enhanced was the HS. Nonetheless, subjects developed strategies to maintain a safe motor pattern, which was evidenced by an increase in stride length and a decrease in stride cadence. Conclusion. Tests lasting just twenty minutes on a treadmill were enough to induce fatigue in older adults. However, the level of fatigue was not enough to present a danger or fall risk to elderly individuals.

9

Challenges of modern medicine - geriatric otolaryngology or the advantages of cooperation between an otolaryngologist and a geriatrician

88%

Skalska A., Składzień J.

Polish Journal of Otolaryngology

|

2019

|

vol. 73

|

issue 1

1-6

EN

Advanced age is often burdened with many deficits that are a consequence of the aging process, unfavorable lifestyle and multi-morbidity. They contribute to increased morbidity and disability of the older people. Laryngological problems often concern seniors, particularly progressing with age hearing impairment, dizziness, balance disorders, epistaxis, nasopharyngeal diseases, larynx, sinuses, and salivary glands disorders. They are not only a health threat, such as head and neck cancer, but they contribute to the deterioration of mobility, falls and injuries, depression, cognitive functions impairment and, consequently, functional disability, loss of independence and a sense of isolation. In this context, taking as an example the most common ailment, which is hearing impairment, laryngological procedures in the form of the use of hearing aids or cochlear implant improves cognitive functions, mood, self-esteem, opportunities for social interaction and everyday functioning, and the quality of life of older people. In turn, in view of the typical for older age polypathology and of significant reduction of the reserves of the organism, effective treatment aimed at improving health, preventing complications of diagnostics and therapy as well as disability with the desire to maintain independence and good quality of life requires the cooperation of different specialists. The knowledge and experience of geriatricians and the comprehensive geriatric assessment used as the diagnostic tool, aimed at identifying deficits typical of seniors’ age may significantly contribute to a more adequate risk and benefit assessment, selection of optimal treatment for a given health situation and identification of high-risk individuals requiring during the treatment period special supervision to reduce the risk of complications and the risk of development of geriatric syndromes such as delirium, cognitive disorders, malnutrition, falls and injuries, functional disability.

10

Effects of low-level La doping and ageing on TlPb-1223 high T c superconductors

88%

Cigáň A., Plesch G., Škrátek M., Kopčok M., Maňka J., Jurdák P., Koňakovský A.

Open Physics

|

2011

|

vol. 9

|

issue 1

213-221

EN

Bulk samples of the nominal composition of (Tl0.6Pb0.5)(Sr0.8Ba0.2)2Ca2Cu3O8+δ−xLaO1.5 (x = 0–0.1) were prepared by using two-step process and their microstructure, T c values, and magnetization were studied. The samples consist of the Tl-1223 dominant phase with small Tl-1212 admixture, which increases with a rise of La content. Five years ageing and following oxygen annealing at 450°C and subsequently at 750°C have only a modest effect on T c values of the studied samples. Low-level La doping (x = 0:04) leads to an increase of T c values by about 2 K in comparison with undoped samples. Oxygen annealing at 750°C results in an increase in the volume magnetization hysteresis in low applied magnetic fields and rise of critical current density at zero magnetic field and 77 K. This effect is most pronounced for the low La doped sample with x = 0.04. Changes of the induced voltage, U originating in the Meissner effect and of its harmonics in dependence on temperature were measured and used for characterization of the temperature distribution of inter-grain junctions.

11

Challenges of modern medicine - geriatric otolaryngology or the advantages of cooperation between an otolaryngologist and a geriatrician

88%

Skalska A., Składzień J.

Otolaryngologia Polska

|

2019

|

vol. 73(1)

1-6

EN

Advanced age is often burdened with many deficits that are a consequence of the aging process, unfavorable lifestyle and multi-morbidity. They contribute to increased morbidity and disability of the older people. Laryngological problems often concern seniors, particularly progressing with age hearing impairment, dizziness, balance disorders, epistaxis, nasopharyngeal diseases, larynx, sinuses, and salivary glands disorders. They are not only a health threat, such as head and neck cancer, but they contribute to the deterioration of mobility, falls and injuries, depression, cognitive functions impairment and, consequently, functional disability, loss of independence and a sense of isolation. In this context, taking as an example the most common ailment, which is hearing impairment, laryngological procedures in the form of the use of hearing aids or cochlear implant improves cognitive functions, mood, self-esteem, opportunities for social interaction and everyday functioning, and the quality of life of older people. In turn, in view of the typical for older age polypathology and of significant reduction of the reserves of the organism, effective treatment aimed at improving health, preventing complications of diagnostics and therapy as well as disability with the desire to maintain independence and good quality of life requires the cooperation of different specialists. The knowledge and experience of geriatricians and the comprehensive geriatric assessment used as the diagnostic tool, aimed at identifying deficits typical of seniors’ age may significantly contribute to a more adequate risk and benefit assessment, selection of optimal treatment for a given health situation and identification of high-risk individuals requiring during the treatment period special supervision to reduce the risk of complications and the risk of development of geriatric syndromes such as delirium, cognitive disorders, malnutrition, falls and injuries, functional disability.

12

The Role of Fall Prophylaxis in the Quality of Life of the Geriatric Patients

75%

Nadobnik F.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2021

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vol. 33

|

issue 1

43-52

EN

Elderly people are not only more susceptible to disease, but they are also at a higher risk of sustaining accidents such as falls, which definitely affects the quality of human life. Aging, in other words, carries with it an increased danger of illness and injuries, including those caused by falling. Research referred to in this article consisted in collecting and analyzing anonymized data of 411 geriatric patients admitted to a hospital in Berlin, Germany, over a period of six months, between January and June 2020, and attempted to look at how fall prophylaxis can reduce the overall healthcare costs generated by senior citizens. Of the 411 geriatric patients, 105, aged between 49 and 97 (69 females and 36 males), sustained injuries due to falling and made up 34.3% of all geriatric patients. Conclusions that the author arrived at can prove useful to determine the importance of the prevention of falls of older people in reducing the complications resulting from falls. The overall costs of senior citizens' health care were also taken into consideration. Therefore, solutions should be sought to reduce the number of falls of older people. Falls are an important public health problem causing suffering for elderly patients, worsening the comfort of further life and additionally generating relatively high costs for the economy.

13

Extradermal melanin transfer? Lack of macroscopic spleen melanization in old C57BL/6 mice with de-synchronized hair cycle

75%

Michalczyk D., Popik M., Salwinski A., Plonka P. M.

|

issue 2

343-354

EN

In quest of alternate, extradermal path of melanin transfer from skin to the visceral organs, we suggested that some portions of such melanin may be deposited in the spleen, which in young black C57BL/6 mice is often melanized. Here, we confirm these observation using young C57BL/6 female mice (up to 17 weeks) and show that this phenomenon cannot be observed in old animals where the hair cycle is not synchronized any more. The experiments were carried out both on spontaneous and depilation-induced hair cycle. We have checked it as a side-observation over many other experiments carried out on young and old C57BL/6 female mice (up to 2.5 years of life). The presence or absence of melanin in the spleens was checked macroscopically, and histologically by Fontana-Masson (FM) staining, and synchronization of the hair cycle - by standard histomorphometric analysis of the back skin hair follicles. In about 40% of old spleens black FM-stainable 'debris' could be found under closer histological examination. This study shows that, at least in part, the phenomenon of splenic melanosis in C57BL/6 mice can be correlated with the synchronized skin melanization parallel to the hair cycle progress, and that splenic melanin undergoes gradual degradation during the mouse life.

14

Gait Asymmetry During Dual-Task Obstacle Crossing in the Young and Elderly

75%

da Rocha E. S., Machado Á. S., Franco P. S., Guadagnin E. C., Carpes F. P.

Human Movement

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2013

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vol. 14

|

issue 2

138-143

EN

Purpose. To evaluate gait asymmetry during obstacle crossing by young and elderly adults performing normal and dual-task gait. Methods. Ten healthy young adults and ten elderly adults with mild cognitive impairment performed a gait protocol by stepping over a foam obstacle during normal gait and while performing a secondary task (Stroop task). Sagittal kinematics of the lead and trail limbs were analyzed. Statistical procedures involved analysis of variance and t tests at a significance of 0.05. Results. Many of the kinematic variables presented a main effect for group (young adults vs. elderly adults), where the elderly featured poorer gait performance. It was observed that gait velocity during obstacle crossing in normal and dual-task gait was similar between the preferred and non-preferred limbs in both the young and elderly. However, the elderly were slower during normal and dual-task gait. A main effect for the dual-task condition was observed. Kinematic asymmetries for obstacle crossing were more frequent in the elderly and especially during the dual-task condition. Conclusions. The results suggest that the elderly may require more compensatory adjustments after crossing an obstacle. The asymmetries observed among the elderly may contribute to higher risk of falling during perturbed gait.

15

Does in vitro replicative senescence of human CD8+ cells reflect the phenotypic changes observed during in vivo ageing?

75%

Brzezinska A.

|

2005

|

vol. 52

|

issue 4

931-935

EN

Immunosenescence is viewed as a remodeling process with the exhaustion of naïve T cells and filling up of the immunological space with memory cells. In this study some phenotypic changes of CD8+ human cells during in vivo ageing were compared with those observed in long term cultures of lymphocytes derived from cord blood or from peripheral blood from donors of different age. Both in vivo and in vitro a significant decrease of the fraction of CD8+CD28+ cells was observed. Comparing the proportions of other T cell subpopulations (the CD4/CD8+ ratio, CD56, CD57, CD27) made it possible to conclude that replicative senescence in vitro partially reflects in vivo ageing.

16

Analysis of the precipitation process of secondary phases after long-term ageing of the S304H steel

75%

Zieliński A., Wersta R., Sroka M., Zieliński A., Wersta R., Sroka M.

|

2021

17

The Normal Body - Anthropology of Bodily Otherness

75%

Eichberg H.

Physical Culture and Sport. Studies and Research

|

2011

|

vol. 51

|

issue 1

5-14

EN

Human biology and medical science focus on the normality of the human body. This focus deserves, however, to be questioned. Cultural studies, in contrast, focus on normalities in plural - normalities of diverse cultures, revealed by comparison and under the historical perspective of change. The normality and otherness of bodily ageing delivers pictures for this analytical problem, among these the figure of the shaman, the elderly as healer.Normality is connected with power. That is why the cultural analysis of normalization can be connected with the theory of democracy, especially with the understanding of human sovereignty and equality, otherness and recognition.Likewise, the theory of sports as a field of trialectic tensions opens up concrete, bodily differences. The body of the Japanese sumo wrestler delivers a living picture of how to relate to bodily otherness. This leads to a deeper understanding of the politics of recognition and of bodily relativity. Additionaly, normality in terms of biology and normalities in terms of cultural studies need to be confronted within a critical dialogue.

18

Wpływ procesu starzenia się układu autonomicznego na przebieg najczęstszych chorób układu krążenia

63%

Jabłeka A.

Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis

|

2009

|

vol. 63

|

issue 3

60-66

EN

Aging of autonomic system concerns both sympathetic and parasympathetic part. The process contains structural changes of the neuronal body and terminations and changes of the expression of membrane and intracellular proteins and results in decrease of neural plasticity and regeneration of neurons of autonomic ganglions. Superiority of sympathetic over parasympathetic system is observed in the range of chronotropic regulation of sinus and baroreceptor refl ex. The mechanisms attributed to aging modulate pathophysiological processes in which autonomic system plays an important role. Increased sympathetic activation is observed in chronic heart insuffi cienty which is associated with the increase of the sudden death risk. Activation of autonomic system play also essential role in the pathogenesis of hypertension, atrial fi brillation and orthostatic hypotony. Dysfunction of autonomic system worsens the quality of life in elderly.

PL

Fizjologiczny proces starzenia układu autonomicznego obejmuje zarówno jego komponentę współczulną, jaki i przywspółczulną. Dotyczy szeregu przemian strukturalnych w obrębie ciała neuronu i zakończeń nerwowych, a także wiąże się ze zmianą ekspresji szeregu białek błonowych i wewnątrzkomórkowych. Efektem tych przemian jest ograniczenie plastyczności i zdolności do regeneracji neuronów zwojów układu autonomicznego. U osób w podeszłym wieku obserwuje się przewagę komponenty współczulnej nad przywspółczulną w zakresie regulacji chronotropizmu węzła zatokowo-przedsionkowego i przestrojenie odruchu z baroreceptorów na wyższy poziom. Powyższe zmiany związane z procesem starzenia mogą modulować szereg procesów patofi zjologicznych, w których układ autonomiczny odgrywa istotną rolę. W przebiegu przewlekłej niewydolności serca obserwuje się nadmierną aktywację komponenty współczulnej układu autonomicznego i związany z tym wzrost ryzyka nagłego zgonu. Również w przebiegu nadciśnienia tętniczego, utrwalonego migotania przedsionków oraz w przypadku występowania hipotonii ortostatycznej aktywacja układu autonomicznego pełni istotną funkcję. Występowanie zaburzeń układu autonomicznego w podeszłym wieku niekorzystnie wpływa na jakość życia chorych.

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Sarcopenic obesity in older people

Aspects of ageing on professional opera singer’s voice – preliminary findings

Aspects of ageing on professional opera singer’s voice – preliminary findings

Compensatory effect of TNFα on low natural killer activity in the elderly.

“I am not too old to play” – The Past, Present and Future of 50 and Over Organized Sport Leagues

DIFFERENCES OF THE HEALTH- RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE SENIOR CITIZENS

Problems of Varistor Quality Assessment During Exploitation

Effects of Fatigue Induced by Prolonged Gait When Walking on the Elderly

Challenges of modern medicine - geriatric otolaryngology or the advantages of cooperation between an otolaryngologist and a geriatrician

Effects of low-level La doping and ageing on TlPb-1223 high T c superconductors

Challenges of modern medicine - geriatric otolaryngology or the advantages of cooperation between an otolaryngologist and a geriatrician

The Role of Fall Prophylaxis in the Quality of Life of the Geriatric Patients

Extradermal melanin transfer? Lack of macroscopic spleen melanization in old C57BL/6 mice with de-synchronized hair cycle

Gait Asymmetry During Dual-Task Obstacle Crossing in the Young and Elderly

Does in vitro replicative senescence of human CD8+ cells reflect the phenotypic changes observed during in vivo ageing?

Analysis of the precipitation process of secondary phases after long-term ageing of the S304H steel

The Normal Body - Anthropology of Bodily Otherness

Wpływ procesu starzenia się układu autonomicznego na przebieg najczęstszych chorób układu krążenia