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1

Molecular genetic diagnosis of the 1.5 Mb deletion causing hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) in a Polish family

100%
Kochanski A. M., Lofgren A., Timmerman V., Jedrzejewska H., Fidzinska A., Latos-Bielenska A., van_Browckhoven C., Hausmanowa-Petrusewic
Journal of Applied Genetics
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1999
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vol. 40
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issue 3
249-255
EN
A molecular genetic analysis was performed in one Polish family with hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP), using two distinct molecular genetic methods, i.e. RFLP and STR analysis. This permitted to reveal the presence of a 17p11.2 HNPP deletion both in the proband and in her mother. The molecular analysis in the proband was supplemented with nerve conduction rate tests and sural nerve biopsy. We conclude that the relatively low prevalence of HNPP in Poland is caused most probably by lack of access to molecular genetic testing. In the future HNPP molecular testing should be offered to all patients in Poland.
2

Screening of cytoplasmic DNA diversity between and within Lupinus mutabilis Sweet and Lupinus albus sensu lato by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)

80%
Olczak T., Rurek M., Janska H., Augustyniak H., Sawicka-Sienkiewicz E.
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issue 2
127-137
EN
Seven populations and five mutant lines of the Andean lupin and four species from the section Albus were screened for their mitochondrial and chloroplast polymorphisms. For this purpose the RFLP method with EcoRI as a restriction enzyme was used. Lupinus luteus, Lupinus albus and Phaseolus vulgaris organellar clones as well as amplified fragments were used as probes. We found that mitochondrial probes were more suitable than chloroplast probes for identification of inter- and intra-specific variations within the examined material. Most mitochondrial probes differentiate the two species investigated. A high level of mitochondrial polymorphism was observed among the populations of L. mutabilis in contrast to monomorphism among the species in the section Albus. A limited polymorphism was detected between the mutant lines of L. mutabilis. We conclude from this study that the mitochondrial RFLP analysis is a valuable tool for identification of variability among Andean lupin populations.
3

Genes for resistance to wheat powdery mildew

70%
Chen Y., Chelkowski J.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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1999
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vol. 40
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issue 4
317-334
EN
Three approaches to identification of powdery mildew resistance genes in wheat - comparison of reaction patterns based on host-pathogen interaction, chromosomal location of resistance genes by means of genetic and cytogenetic assessment, and molecular identification - are reviewed in this paper. The paper covers publications published mostly in the nineties. The derivation and current status of twenty-five Pm genes in wheat are presented. RAPD, RFLP and STS markers closely linked to some specific resistance genes, from recent reports, are listed. These can be useful to phytopathologists and breeders who are interested in the practical application of wheat powdery mildew resistance genes.
4
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Differentiation of polyvalent bacteriophages specific to uropathogenic Proteus mirabilis strains based on the host range pattern and RFLP

70%
Maszewska A., Wójcik E., Ciurzyńska A., Wojtasik A., Piątkowska I., Dastych J., Różalski A.
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2016
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vol. 63
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issue 2
303-310
EN
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by P. mirabilis are difficult to cure because of the increasing antimicrobial resistance of these bacteria. Phage therapy is proposed as an alternative infection treatment. The aim of this study was to isolate and differentiate uropathogenic P. mirabilis strain specific polyvalent bacteriophages producing polysaccharide depolymerases (PDs). 51 specific phages were obtained. The plaques of 29 bacteriophages were surrounded by halos, which indicated that they produced PDs. The host range analysis showed that, except phages 58B and 58C, the phage host range profiles differed from each other. Phages 35 and 45 infected all P. mirabilis strains tested. Another 10 phages lysed more than 90% of isolates. Among these phages, 65A, 70, 66 and 66A caused a complete lysis of the bacterial lawn formed by 62% to 78% of strains. Additionally, phages 39A and 70 probably produced PDs. The phages' DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis demonstrated that genomes of 51 isolated phages represented 34 different restriction profiles. DNA of phage 58A seemed to be resistant to selected EcoRV endonuclease. The 33 RFLP-EcoRV profiles showed a Dice similarity index of 38.8%. 22 RFLP patterns were obtained from single phage isolates. The remaining 12 restriction profiles consisted of 2 to 4 viruses. The results obtained from phage characterization based on the pattern of phage host range in combination with the RFLP method enabled effective differentiation of the studied phages and selection of PD producing polyvalent phages for further study.
5

Somaclonal selection of physiological mutants and several problems related to rice cell breeding

61%
Kinoshita T., Mori K.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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1998
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vol. 39
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issue 1
9-35
EN
Tolerance to a new herbicide, pyributycarb, was evaluated both at the plant and cellular levels. Several highly or moderately tolerant strains chosen at the plant level, showed a parallel relation of to tolerance at the cellular level. However, on the whole, correlation between total tolerance indices and survival rates of calli was not significant in 18 out of the 80 studied strains. As a result of somaclonal selection for two herbicides, lines NB-200 and NM-100 were regenerated from the tolerant calli screened with benthiocarb at 200 ppm, and molinate at 100 ppm, respectively. In the R2 generation, both the lines displaned a stable tolerance both at the plant and cellular levels. Thus the highly tolerant mutant lines were developed from a moderately tolerant line, N-61, via in vitro selection. To achieve a short-cut method in the interspecific genetic exchange, a series of techniques related to cell fusion were established in rice and related species. Two kinds of somatic hybrids between the cultivar Kitaake and tetraploid Oryza species, O. punctata and O. officinalis, were successfully produced. Among the somatic hybrid plants, a wide range of chromosomal variation was observed. Aneuploid plants with a chromosome number around 2n = 72 (hexaploid), which are expected from a symmetric fusion between diploid and tetraploid strains, were obtained showing mixoploidy within a plant. Most of the somatic hybrids were characterized by intermediate features of plant-type showing high sterility, shattering of spikelets and reduced plant height. As an exception, a diploid plant, which was identified by RFLP analysis using the rDNA gene probe, closely resembled Kitaake and produced viable seeds. A tetraploid hybrid plant was also promising for the introduction of economically important characters through the reduction of chromosome numbers by doubled haploids. Gametoclonal variation and gamma radiation was applied to Kitaake. The mutation frequency was prominently increased by gamma ray treatment, especially at high doses of 200 Gy or 300 Gy. In the M3R2 or M4R3 generations, most of the variants showed unfavourable characters. Most of the mutant characters were governed by single or double recessive genes. Several mutants such as short culm and early flowering time might be used for rice breeding.
6

Molecular markers for leaf rust resistance genes in wheat

61%
Chelklowski J., Stepien L.
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issue 2
117-126
EN
Over 100 genes of resistance to rust fungi: Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici, (47 Lr ? leaf rust genes), P. striiformis (18 Yr ? yellow rust genes) and P. graminis f. sp. tritici (41 Sr ? stripe rust genes) have been identified in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its wild relatives according to recent papers. Sixteen Lr resistance genes have been mapped using restriction fragments length polymorphism (RFLP) markers on wheat chromosomes. More than ten Lr genes can be identified in breeding materials by sequence tagged site (STS) specific markers. Gene Lrk 10, closely linked to gene Lr 10, has been cloned and its function recognized. Available markers are presented in this review. The STS, cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) and sequence characterized amplified regions (SCAR) markers found in the literature should be verified using Triticum spp. with different genetic background. Simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers for Lr resistance genes are now also available.
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