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1

Expression of microinjected reporter gene lacZ during first cleavages of rabbit embryos

100%
Rosochacki S. J., Strzelecka M., Kozikova L., Matejczyk M., Oblap R., Poloszynowicz J., Zwierzchowski L.
Folia Biologica
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2002
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vol. 50
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issue 1-2
61-67
EN
The growing use of reporter genes in a model transgenic system has been a fundamental approach of biology, but the strategy of transgenic embryo selection prior to transfer to foster mothers may greately increase the efficiency of transgenic livestock production. This study was conducted to assess the possibility of beta -galactosidase (beta -gal)-labeled transgenic rabbit embryo production. Rabbit zygotes were obtained from superovulated females after mating. Zygotes were microinjected into male pronuclei with pCMV-lacZ or SV40-lacZ constructs; while some embryos were coinjected with the scaffold attachment sequences - SAR. Embryos from control non-injected and microinjected groups were cultured in vitro. After 24, 48, 72, or 96 h of culture the embryos were stained with X-gal for beta -galactosidase. Transgenic embryos produced by pronuclear injection showed a discrete pattern of beta -galactosidase expression. The percentage of transgenesis with pCMV-lacZ alone was 1.5, but with SAR sequences it increased to 4.2. In the case of SV40-lacZ construct, the efficiency of transgenesis was 2.3% and 4.1%, respectively. The mosaicism was 66.7% for all embryos injected with both constructs with or without SAR. The highest numbers of 100%-transgenic (non-mosaic) embryos were found in the group co-injected with SV40-lacZ and SAR. Transgenesis was seen as early as 24 h after injection, in four-cell embryos. Most of the microinjected embryos showed delayed development as compared with control. It was concluded that lacZ may serve as a reliable reporter for early transgenic embryo selection in order to produce transgenic animals.
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Collateral projections of trigeminal sensory neurons to both cerebellar paramedian lobules in the rabbit: demonstration by fluorescent double labeling study

100%
D. B., Zguczynski L., Mierzejewska-Krzyzowska B., Sikora E.
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vol. 58
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issue 4
253-261
EN
Neurons in the trigeminal sensory nuclei (TSN) were indicated to project simultaneously to the cerebellar paramedian lobule (PML) of both sides by way of axon collaterals in the rabbit. Injections of Fast Blue and Diamidino Yellow made in twelve rabbits into the regions of the left and right PML cortex, respectively, resulted in retrograde double labeling of neurons in the principal trigeminal (Vp) and spinal trigeminal nuclei including subnucleus oralis (Vo), and rostral (Vir) and caudal (Vic) subnucleus interpolaris. Sparse labeling was seen among the root fibers of the facial nerve immediately adjacent to Vp. The data indicated that out of the total population of ipsilateral and contralateral single labeled neurons in TSN subdivisions, double labeled neurons constituted about 11% in Vo, 2% in Vp and Vir, and 1% in Vic. Thus, it seems that out of TSN neurons sending collateral projections to PML of both hemispheres, those in Vo project more frequently than those in Vp, Vir and Vic. The homotopic (corresponding) middle (c and d) PML sublobules receive collateral projections from neurons of all these TSN subdivisions, whereas the caudal (a and b) and rostral (e and f) sublobules seem to be targets of the projection from Vp and Vir. The findings suggest that some TSN neurons may exert simultaneous bilateral modulatory influences upon the regions in various sublobules of both PML.
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Sex difference in rabbit eyelid conditioning

100%
Orlowska-Majdak M., Kolodziejski P., Traczyk W. Z.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2001
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vol. 61
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issue 2
135-140
EN
The rabbit eyelid conditioned reflex has been used to compare associative learning in males and ovariectomized females. A new method for monitoring eyelid movements is described. Rabbits were trained on simple delay classical conditioning. Conditioned responses were recorded during 8 acquisition days and 6 days of extinction training. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the least significant difference (LSD) post hoc test was used to analyse the data. The results showed that males achieved significantly better learning than females during the 1st day of acquisition but later they slowly attained the best result, contrary to females. Moreover, extinction of the conditioned reflex was significantly faster in females than in males. It is postulated that females learn and extinguish faster than males because of a higher level of brain plasticity.
4

Selective indices on non-specific cell-mediated immunity in rabbits immunized with Chlamydophila psittaci

100%
Pawlikowska M., Deptula W.
Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
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2005
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vol. 53
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issue 6
534-539
EN
Studies of non-specific immunity in infection or immunization with Chlamydophila (Chl.) psittaci in static experimental models showed changes in parameters of this immunity. The aim of this study was to evaluate selected parameters of non-specific immunity in rabbits immunized with Chl. psittaci. The study was performed on rabbits, divided into two groups of 10 animals each. The rabbits of the first group were immunized with Chl. psittaci strain 6BC and those of the second group were control animals. Blood samples were examined 9 times every 7 days. Adherence capacity and ingestion capacity of polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells (index of ingestion, percentage of ingestive cells) were determined in the blood. The cidal capacity of PMN cells was determined by evaluating the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium test by cytochemical (spontaneous and stimulated tests) and spectrophotometric techniques. The presence of specific antibodies in the sera was estimated by the complement-fixation technique. Analysis of the results of all the studied parameters of non-specific immunity showed tendencies to decrease or increase. These differences appeared on days 7?14 and lasted to days 42?56 of the experiment. Positive titers of specific antibodies appeared on day 42 after immunization, i.e. 5 weeks after the first changes in the parameters of non-specific immunity. The alterations noted in the parameters of non-specific immunity may prove useful in determining the condition of a macroorganism in contact with Chl. psittaci.
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Topography and axonal collaterals of trigeminocerebellar projection to the paramedian lobule and uvula in the rabbit cerebellum

100%
Bukowska D., Mierzejewska-Krzyzowska B., Zguczynski L.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2006
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vol. 66
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issue 2
145-151
EN
To study projections of the trigeminal sensory nuclei (TSN) to the rostral parts of the paramedian lobule (PML) and of the uvula of the rabbit cerebellar cortex, the retrograde double fluorescent labeling method was used. Injections of Fast Blue (FB) into PML and Diamidino Yellow (DY) into the uvula, resulted in prominent labeling neurons with FB bilaterally and with DY ipsilaterally, in the principal trigeminal nucleus, subnucleus oralis, and rostral and caudal subnucleus interpolaris. We observed topographical arrangement of neurons in such a fashion that FB labeled cells were localized in the medial and DY labeled cells in the lateral regions of TSN. Apart from this small number of double FB+DY labeled neurons (n=138) were found in the narrow common region of single labeling. This implies that PML and the uvula receive independent trigeminal sensory information from neurons in separate regions of TSN. However, some trigeminal neurons may also exert simultaneous influences upon these hemispheral and vermal components by way of axonal branchings.
6

Loop formation by the transgene WAP:6xHishGH in transgenic rabbit fibroblasts, revealed by fluorescence in situ hybridization to nuclear halos

100%
Michalak E., Lipinski D., Slomski R.
Journal of Applied Genetics
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2006
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vol. 47
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issue 3
247-249
EN
Using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to somatic nuclear halos from transgenic rabbits WAP:6xHishGH, we present evidence for stability of transgenesis at the chromatin level. FISH performed on fibroblasts from a homozygous individual showed 2 independent loops from both chromosomes of pair 7. On a heterozygous individual, FISH detected a single loop. According to the concept of chromatin loops and their influence on gene expression, this shows that the human growth hormone transgene, which was actively expressed in mammary gland under the influence of the tissue-specific promoter, was inactive in examined skin fibroblasts.
7

Effect of GABA-ergic drugs' on flunarizine-induced seizures in rabbits

100%
Rolinski Z., Wlaz P.
Polish Journal of Pharmacology
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1993
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vol. 45
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issue 1
43-49
EN
In this study the authors have evaluated the effects of sommon antiepileptic drugs given alone or in combinations with baclofen on seizures evoked by intravenous flunarizine in rabbits. The abolition of clonic and clonic-tonic convulsion was taken as the end point. Baclofen was able to inhibit convulsions only in a relatively high dose (5mg/kg). Diazepam (1.5 mg/kg) and clonazepam (2mg/kg) completely abolished clonic seizures. Valproate (20 mg/kg) inhibited clonic seizures and remained without effect on tonic convulsions. Other antiepiloptics such as carbamazepine and acetazolamide were found inactive in this respect. Moreover, combinations of acetazolamide (100 mg/kg) and carbamazepine (50 mg/kg) with baclofen (2mg/kg) had no anticonvulsant effect. Thus, mainly GABA modulatory drugs reveal significant action against flunarizine-induced seizures.
8
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Pontocerebellar projection to the rabbit paramedian lobule by means of axonal collaterals: evidence for intralobular connections

100%
Bukowska D., Zguczynski L., Mierzejewska-Krzyzowska B.
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EN
In this study, we utilized a double retrograde axonal tracing technique to investigate the possible existence of collateralized axonal projections from the pontine nuclei (PN) to the rostral (rPML) and caudal (cPML) parts of cerebellar paramedian lobule in the rabbit, known to be the forelimb and hindlimb regions, respectively. Following injections of fluorescent tracers Fast Blue (FB) and Diamidino Yellow (DY) within rPML and cPML, respectively, substantial numbers of FB and DY single labeled neurons were found in the dorsolateral, paramedian, lateral and peduncular pontine nuclei bilaterally with a very clearcut contralateral preponderance. No labeling was observed in the ventral pontine nucleus. Extensive areas of overlap of FB or DY labeled neurons indicated that no somatotopical relationship existed in projection from PN to the two functionally different PML target regions. In addition, a small number of double FB + DY labeled neurons was detected in the common areas of FB and DY single labeling in PN. These neurons give rise to pontocerebellar projections to rPML and cPML simultaneously by way of axonal collaterals and thus they may play a role in the coordination of unilateral forelimb and hindlimb movements.
9
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Changes in short-term potentiation of hypoglossal activity by modulators of nitric oxide production in the rabbit

100%
Budzinska K., Wojtal E.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2001
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vol. 61
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issue 4
277-287
EN
Stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) causes a potentiation of hypoglossal nerve activity persisting after cessation of stimulation. The mechanism of this phenomenon is uncertain. We investigated a potential role of the nitric oxide (NO) pathway in modulation of the after-effects of SLN stimulation on phrenic and hypoglossal activity in rabbits. L-Arginine, a substrate for NO synthesis and NG-Nitro-L-Arginine (L-NNA) an inhibitor of NO synthase (NOS), were administered systemically. L-Arginine and L-NNA alone caused small changes in respiratory activity. During pre-treatment with NO precursor the amplitude and duration of hypoglossal potentiation evoked by SLN stimulation were reduced. Systemic NO synthase inhibition partially reversed these effects of L-Arginine. The results showed that interference with NO production by NO substrate and NOS inhibitor modulates the effects of SLN stimulation on hypoglossal activity. Nitric oxide might be a negative modulator of the transmission of short-term potentiation (STP) in hypoglossal activity.
10

The expression of WAP-Fuc gene in genotypes of transgenic farm animals ? effectiveness of transgenesis with the use of DNA microinjection

100%
Jura J., Smorag Z., Gajda B., Kareta W., Kopchick J. J., Kelder B., Prieto P. A.
Biotechnologia
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2003
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issue 1
216-222
EN
There are two principal applications of transgenic animals. Best known and most advanced application is to use transgenic animals (called bioreactors or molecular farms) for the production of various proteins or biopolymers of medical significance. The second application concerns efforts to improve the productivity traits of breeding animals. We have worked out methods which allow somatic cloning of mammals and gene knockout methods. These methods have been developing very rapidly in recent years and their efficiency will soon be improved to the extent that they will become profitable. For the time being, DNA microinjection with all its disadvantages, remains the principal method of producing transgenic bioreactors. In this paper, the effectiveness of production of transgenic rabbits, goats and pigs with the use of WAP-Fuc gene construct is presented.
11
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Cerebellovestibular projection from the posterior lobe cortex in the rabbit; an experimental study with the retrograde HRP method.I.Topographical relationships

100%
Bukowska D.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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1995
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vol. 55
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issue 1
23-34
EN
The sources of corticovestibular projections from the cerebellar posterior lobe vermis and hemisphere in the rabbit were investigated by the retrograde horseradish peroxidase (HRP) tracing method. Following ionophoretic injections into various subdivisions of the vestibular nuclear complex (VNC), labelled Purkinje neurones were identified ipsolaterally in all vermal lobules (VI through IX) and some regions of the hemisphere.The results indicate that projection is profuse and directed to all four nuclei of VNC.The labelling suggests some topographical relationships between lobules and especially sublobules of the posterior lobe and individual nuclei of VNC.The major projection derives from lobule VIII whereas that from lobule VII is small.Projection from the hamisphere arise mainly from crus I and crus II of the ansiform lobule.Those from the copula pyramids, lobule HV and the ventral paraflocullus are sparse.In the present study a topographical relationships were more precisely established than before because the technique revealed VNC afferents from iondividual sublobules of the cerebellar posterior lobe cortex.
12
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Application of infrared detection in the recording of eylid movements in rabbits

100%
Orlowska-Majdak M., Kolodziejski P., Dolecki K., Traczyk W. Z.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2001
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vol. 61
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issue 2
145-149
EN
Classical conditioning of the eyelid reflex has been used for a long time to study associative learning in animals and humans. A new experimental procedure for rabbit?s eyelid conditioning was constructed and described. A phonopneumatic stimulator generated conditioned and unconditioned stimuli and a photoelectric transducer acting in close infrared converted movements of rabbits? eyelid to electric signals. An example of acquisition and extinction training is illustrated. This method of eyelid movement monitoring is noninvasive. It may be useful for chronic studies of learning processes in rabbits when used with headpieces for microdialysis probes, electrodes or cannulas which could be implanted into brain structures
13
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The influence of lidocaine on the permeability of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier in experimental acute hypercapnia in the rabbit

100%
Naskret M., Platkiewicz M., Billert H., Drobnik L., Dyderski S.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2001
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vol. 61
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issue 2
77-84
EN
In a previous study we have provided evidence, that acute experimental hypercapnia due to hypoventilation in the rabbit alters blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier function in the brain (Pakulski et al. 1998). The purpose of this study therefore was to determine if lidocaine would prevent the observed alterations in the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier function. The experiments were conducted in 16 adult Chinchilla rabbits submitted to acute hypercapnia due to mechanical hypoventilation (PaCO2 between 8 - 9.5 kPa over 180 minutes) under pentobarbital anaesthesia. The studied group (n = 8) was treated by lidocaine infusion 10 mg kg-1 h -1. After 180 minutes of hypercapnia the value of cerebrospinal fluid-blood index of gentamycin concentration, indicating the permeability of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier, was significantly lower in animals treated with lidocaine (4.03 2.32 vs. 19.05 5.49; P< 0.01). We conclude that lidocaine may attenuate the increase of blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier permeability under conditions of experimental acute hypercapnia lasting 180 minutes in the mechanically ventilated rabbit.
14
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Influence of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) dialyzed into the hippocampus on memory processes in rabbit

88%
Orlowska-Majdak M., Naziemblo B., Kolodziejski P.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2007
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vol. 67
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issue 1
53-62
EN
There are conflicting reports on the influence of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) on the process of learning. We decided to study this problem using the paradigm of classical eyeblink conditioning as the animal model of learning processes. During the extinction training TRH in its natural form of pGluTRH was applied into the rabbit hippocampus through a chronically implanted microdialysis probe. A Glu1TRH, analog with less biological potency than TRH as the control of specificity for TRH and a 0.9% NaCl solution as the control for both substances were applied by the same way as pGluTRH. We found that pGluTRH extended the process of extinction and enhanced the further acquisition of the reflex. The analog of TRH, Glu1TRH, was ineffective. Finally, it may be stated that TRH acting in the hippocampus prolonged process of forgetting and improved succeeding learning. The effect was specific and long lasting.
15

The effect of hFVIII transgene on the chromosomal aneuploidy rate in rabbits

88%
Curlej J., Parkanyi V., Bulla J., Jurcik R., Chrenek P.
Folia Biologica
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2007
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vol. 55
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issue 3-4
161-164
EN
The aim of this study was to compare the chromosomal aneuploidy rate between transgenic and non-transgenic rabbits derived from the F4 generation. Chromosomal analysis was carried out on bone marrow samples of New Zealand White transgenic (carrying human factor VIII gene) and non-transgenic rabbits (F4 generation) each having a different genetic background (female no. 1-3-5 line I and female no.1-9-7 line II). C-metaphase plates were obtained from the bone marrow lymphocytes synchronized by the addition of 0.25 mug/ml colcemide. No significant difference in chromosomal aneuploidy between transgenic (61%) and non-transgenic (51.27%) rabbits of line I was observed. A higher but non-significant aneuploidy rate between transgenic and non-transgenic rabbits was found in line II, on the other hand a significant difference (P<0.05) was observed in diploidy rate. In conclusion, chromosomal aneuploidy rates in this experiment were higher than published previously in other reports.
16
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Cerebellovestibular projection from the posterior lobe cortex in the rabbit; an experimental study with the retrograde HRP method.II.Zonal organization

88%
Bukowska D.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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1995
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vol. 55
|
issue 1
35-47
EN
The mediolateral distribution of neurones of origin of the corticovestibular projections from the cerebellar posterior lobe in the rabbit was studied with the retrograde horseradish peroxidase (HRP) tracing method. After ionophoretic injections confined to various subdivisions of the vestibular nuclear complex (VNC), labelled Purkinje neurones were found ipsolaterally in widespreadmediolateral cortical regions of vermal lobules from VI to IX, as well as in crus I and crus II of the ansiform lobule, the copula pyramids, lobule HV and the ventral paraflocullus.However, when projections from individual sublobules were examined, a clesrly visible zonal pattern was found.Thus, Purkinje neurones projecting to VNC were arranged in longitudinal bands with madial and lateral boundaries quite well demarcated.these bands had a different distances from the midline.The present findings constitute the first indication of a zonal organization of corticovestibular projections from individual sublobules of the cerebellar postrior lobe in the rabbit.This zonal arragement of VNC afferents is discussed with the spacial emphasis on the cerebellar longitudinal zones related to previous studies on other species.
17
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Rabbit paralytic tremor phenotype- A plp1 gene mutation as a model of human Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease

88%
Sypecka J., Domanska-Janik K.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2005
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vol. 65
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issue 2
221-230
EN
The paralytic tremor (pt) disease in rabbits results from a point mutation in a plp gene and manifests itself by a broad range of neurological signs. Biochemical studies have shown that myelinogenesis is retarded and deficient in mutant rabbits. Myelin sheaths are usually thin and malformed. The number of oligodendrocytes is normal, however their differentiation and maturation is prolonged. The effects of the pt mutation were investigated in morphological, biochemical and molecular studies, resulting in the well-documented characteristics of the disease. The pt phenotype and its detailed characteristics make the mutated rabbit a good model of Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease.
18

Factors affecting production of transgenic farm animals: cattle and rabbits

75%
Jura J., Smorag Z., Katska L., Skrzyszowska M., Gajda B., Rynska B.
Biotechnologia
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1998
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issue 2
101-109
EN
There are many factors affecting transgenic farm animals production. One of them is the effectiveness of the transfer of zygotes and embryos obtained after DNA microinjection. Low effectiveness of the transfer of potentially transgenic blastocysts in cattle is due to their decreased developmental potential in comparison to the blastocysts developed from not microinjected zygotes. A simple short term in vitro culture used for rabbit zygotes after microinjection increased twice the number of produced potentially transgenic rabbits.
19
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Strychnine antagonizes GABA-evoked 36 Cl?uptake in membrane vesicles from rat and rabbit cerebral cortex

63%
Puka M., Lazarewicz J. W.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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1993
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vol. 53
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issue 4
511-516
20

Vitrification of mammalian oocytes and embryos

63%
Smorag Z., Gajda B.
Biotechnologia
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1995
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issue 3
68-83
EN
Vitrification is a new approach to oocyte and embryo cryoconservation.It consists in the solidification of a solution caused by draastic increase in viscosity during cooling and not by crystalization.The application of this approach to cryoconservation of oocytes and embryos of different species depends upon the development of proper procedures and non-toxic media.From the technical point of view, the vitrification method is simple and relatively easily applicable under field conditions.The authors review the current procedures applied to oocytes and embryos of laboratory and farm animals.
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