Water Quality Index and Human Health Risk Assessment of Class B Swimming Pools in Owerri Municipal, Nigeria

• Authors: Verla Evelyn Ngozi , Joseph Ikechukwu Nwachukwu , Ugwoke Chidera Chidera Lydia , Verla, Andrew Wirnkor
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

Assessments of public swimming pools in Owerri municipal, Imo state, Nigeria was carried out for the purpose of determining the suitability of water for swimming in this fun loving town of Nigeria. Five public pools were selected by purposive sampling from more than 30 pools in the area. Water samples were collected in the morning and evening from pools and analyzed in triplicates for physicochemical properties and heavy metals content by using standard method for water analysis and Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. Data obtained were compared with WHO and EPA standards for drinking and recreational water and modeled on the Water Quality Index (WQI). Results revealed that pH ranged from 7.10±0.02 to 8.1±1.27 pH units, EC ranged from 40 ±3.11 µS/cm to 80±3.44 µS/cm, COD value ranged from 0.08±0.07 to 1.02 ±0.91, BOD value ranged from 0.03±0.02 to 3.14±0.13, dissolved oxygen (DO) ranged 3.9±1.77 mg/kg to 9.3±2.41 mg/kg, suspended solids ranged from 6.43±8.21 mg/l to 42.44±7.00 mg/l, total dissolved solids (TDS) ranged from 22±2.90 mg/l to 97.98±8.79 mg/l. The major cations were below the standard. Nitrate ranged from 0.91±0.02 mg/l to 0.96 mg/l, sulphate ranged from 2.34±0.10 mg/l to 2.81±0.11mg/l, phosphate ranged from 0.34±0.02 mg/l to 0.65±0.02 mg/l while chloride ranged from 12.75±1.89 mg/l to 31.89±2.04 mg/l with mean 24.23 mg/l. Except for chloride, all other studied anions were lower than the permissible limit set by WHO/EPA. Concentration of lead (Pb), iron (Fe), Copper (Cu) were also below the permissible limit. The individual WQ indexes showed A (3.32), B (5.44), C (10.08), D (12.40) and E (9.77) with average WQI of 8.20 suggesting that the swimming pools are of “Excellent water quality”, thereby suggesting safe swimming pools for recreational activities in the study area. Values of exposure pathways for all metals at all swimming.

Keywords

EN

Contaminants; Index; Model; Permissible limit; Physicochemical

Discipline

• ENVIRONMENT_&_ECOLOGY: ENVIRONMENT & ECOLOGY

• Publisher: Scientific Publishing House „DARWIN”
• Journal: World News of Natural Sciences
• Year: 2021
• Volume: 38
• Pages: 60-82

Contributors

author

Verla Evelyn Ngozi

• Department of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Imo State, P. M. B. 1526, Nigeria

author

Joseph Ikechukwu Nwachukwu

• Department of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Imo State, P. M. B. 1526, Nigeria

author

Ugwoke Chidera Chidera Lydia

• Department of Environmental Technology, Federal University of Technology Owerri, Imo State, P. M. B. 1526, Nigeria

author

Verla, Andrew Wirnkor

• Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imo State University, Owerri, PMB 2000, Imo State, Nigeria

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• Document Type: article