Monooksygenazy zależne od cytochromu P-450 oraz enzymy II fazy przemian ksenobiotykow w łożysku

• Authors: Stanisław Włoch

Title variants

EN

P-450 cytochrome-dependent monooxygenases and phase II

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

PL

W części pierwszej omówiono organizację podstawowych ogniw monooksygenaz zależnych od cytochromu P-450, różnice funkcjonalne wynikające z ich posadowienia we frakcji mikrosomalnej i mitochondrialnej komórek, podstawowe etapy realizowanych przemian, a także mechanizmy indukcji rodziny 1,2,3 i 4 CYP.-450. Następnie przedstawiono aktualny stan wiedzy na temat monooksygenaz w komórkach łożyska. Zwrócono uwagę, iż pomimo niskich zawartości mRNA i białka CYP-450 rodziny 1,2 oraz 3 w komórkach syncytiotrofoblastu na poziomie zaledwie kilkuprocentowym hepatocytów, układ ten może spełniać ważną rolę w uwalnianiu toksycznych metabolitów pośrednich, stwarzając zagrożenie dla zdrowia i rozwoju zarodka oraz płodu, zwłaszcza w I trymestrze ciąży. Owe zagrożenia zdecydowanie wzrastają w warunkach kontaktu ciężarnej kobiety z lekami, dymem papierosowym, alkoholem, narkotykami, które są efektywnymi induktorami lub inhibitorami CYP-450. Omówiono także aktywność w łożysku enzymów II fazy przemian ksenobiotyków, w tym: UDP-glukonylotransferazy, transferazy S-glutationowej i sufotransferaz.

EN

The fi rst part of this paper contains the discussion of the organization of the basic P-450 cytochrome-dependent monooxygenases including the functional diff erences resulting from their location in the microsomal and mitochondrial fractions, the basic stages of the pertinent metabolic changes, and also, the mechanisms of induction of the Cyp.-450 in the families 1,2,3 and 4. In the next part, the current state of knowledge on monooxygenases in the placental cells has been presented. Attention has been drawn to the fact that despite the low contents of both mRNA and CYP-450 protein in the families 1,2,3 and 4 in syncytiotrophoblast cells at the level of just several percent hepatocytes, this system may perform an important role in the release of indirect toxic metabolites , thus posing threat to the lives of either the embryo or the fetus, particularly in the fi rst trimester of pregnancy. These risks substantially increase in situations where the pregnant woman has had contact with medicines, alcohol, narcotics or tobacco smoke, which are found to be eff ective CYP-450 inducers or inhibitors. In the fi nal part, the activity of Phase II xenobiotic metabolism enzymes in the placenta has been discussed, including UDP-gluconylotransferase, 5-glutation transferase, and sulfotransferases.

Keywords

EN

Cytochrom P-450; biotransformacja; biotransformation; cytochrome P-450; ksenobiotyki; placenta; xenobiotic; łożysko

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach
• Journal: Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis
• Year: 2009
• Volume: 63
• Issue: 2
• Pages: 78-84

Contributors

author

Stanisław Włoch

• Klinika Położnictwa i Ginekologii, Katedry Położnictwa i Ginekologii SUM, ul. Medykow 14, 40-752 Katowice, tel.: [phone], fax [phone]

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• Document Type: article