Impacts of Rainfall and Temperature on Sorghum (Sorghum biocolor) and Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) Yield in Arid Zone of the Sudan 1981-2010

• Authors: Orabi Ahmed M. Elbasher , Abdalla Khyar Abdalla , Ahmed Eltayb Abdalla , Hisham Mousa Mohammed
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

The fundamental goal of this work was to investigate the impact of rainfall and temperature on sorghum and millet yield in the arid zone in Sudan. Therefore the study had pivoted in two axis: climate characteristics and trends and impacts of climate on crops yield. Five focal points (Kassala, Wadmedni, Eldouim, Elobied and Elfasher) were selected to represent the whole zone. The climate data of monthly rainfall, minimum and maximum air temperature were obtained from Sudan Metrological Authority. Other climatic factors were calculated and estimated from temperature and rainfall data. Using rainfall, temperature, potential evapotranspiration, cumulative rainfall departure, effective rainfall, aridity index and standardized precipitation index for the period (1980 – 2010). Generally the trend of annual mean air temperature, annual rainfall, potential evapotranspiration, effective rainfall, cumulative rainfall departure, rainfall coefficient of variance, annual aridity index and standardized precipitation index had been increased during the period from 1980 to 2010 with statistically significant evidences (p≤0.05). Correlations between long-term sorghum yield and climatic factors analysis showed that there were positive significant correlation between sorghum yield and aridity index in Gezira and Elobied. Also, in Elobied negative significant correlation between Sorghum yield and air temperature, potential evapotranspiration. Where in Elfasher there were positive significant correlation between sorghum yield and rainfall, cumulative rainfall departure, effective rainfall, aridity index and standardized precipitation index. Correlations between long-term millet yield and climatic factors showed that in Elobied station there were positive significant correlation between millet yield and rainfall, effective rainfall, aridity index and standardized precipitation index. Where in Elfasher there were negative significant correlation between millet yield and potential evapotranspiration. Using multiple regression model where the climatic factors with sorghum and millet yield; the results showed there were significant regression equation model in three stations (Wadmedni, Elobied and Elfasher) and in two stations (Elobied and Elfasher), respectively.

Keywords

EN

Pennisetum glaucum; Rainfall; Sorghum biocolor; correlation; millet yield; sorghum; temperature

Discipline

• AGRICULTURE: AGRICULTURE

• Publisher: Scientific Publishing House „DARWIN”
• Journal: World News of Natural Sciences
• Year: 2022
• Volume: 45
• Pages: 37-57

Contributors

author

Orabi Ahmed M. Elbasher

• Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan

author

Abdalla Khyar Abdalla

• University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan

author

Ahmed Eltayb Abdalla

• Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan

author

Hisham Mousa Mohammed

• Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan

References

• [1] SFNC, Sudan’s First National communication. Higher Council for Environment and Natural Resources (HCENR), Khartoum (2002).
• [2] Ayoub , A.T, Extent, severity and causative factors of land degradation in the Sudan: Journal of Arid Environments, 38 (1998) 397-409
• [3] Adam, H .S, Land conservation in the Arid Zone: Research Centre for Land and Water , Agric. Research Corporation, Sudan. (In Arabic) (2000).
• [4] Adam H .S, Gezira clay and its role in water management. Paper presented to Conference on coping with water scarcity, Hurghada, Egypt. In: Makeen, A. A.; Abadelhafez, H. and Omara, S.K.(eds.). modification of microclimate for better growth and development of summer tomato crops. University of Gazira, Agric. Sci. J. 2 (1) (1998) 59-73
• [5] SECS and HCENR. Indicators for environmental hazard map for Sudan. Sudanese environment conservation society (SECS) and higher council for environment and natural resources (HCENR), Khartoum (2005).
• [6] Zakieldeeen S. A, Adaptation to climate change a vulnerability assessment for Sudan. International Institute For Environmental and Development (iied) gate keeper 142 (2009).
• [7] Faki, H. H. M., Gumaa, Y. T., and Ismail M. A, Potential of the Sudan's Irrigated Sector in Cereal Grains Production: Analysis of Various Policy Options. Agricultural Systems 48 (1995) 457-483
• [8] Abdelrahman, A. H, Analysis of Consumer Demand for Cereals Using AIDS Model: An Application to the Sudan. Unpublished Master Thesis, Iowa State University, Ames (1990).
• [9] Maccarthy. D and P. L.G. Vlek, Impact of climate change on sorghum production under different nutrient and crop residue management in semi-arid region of ghana:a modeling perspective. African Crop Science Journal, Vol. 20, Issue Supplement s 2, (2012) 275-291
• [10] Sultan. B, P Roudier, P Quirion, A Alhassane, B Muller, M Dingkuhn, P Ciais, M Guimberteau, S Traore and C Baron, Assessing climate change impacts on sorghum and millet yields in the Sudanian and Sahelian savannas of West Africa. Environmental Research Letters 8 (2013) 014040
• [11] Karim Abdullah, Abdul-Basit Tampuli Abukari & Abdul-Malik Abdulai | Manuel Tejada Moral (Reviewing editor) (2022) Testing the climate resilience of sorghum and millet with time series data. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 8:1, DOI: 10.1080/23311932.2022.2088459
• [12] Qureshi S., and Khan N, Estimation of climatic transition in Riyadh (Saudi Arabia) in global warming perspectives. Geo Journal, 33, 423-432 (1994)
• [13] Adam, H. S, Agroclimatology crop water requirements and water management, University of Gezira Press 2th edition (2014).
• [14] Bredenkamp D. B., Botha L. J., Van Tonder G. J. and Van Rensburg H. J, Manual on Quantitative Estimation of Groundwater Recharge and Aquifer Storativity. WRC Report No TT 73/95 (1995).
• [15] Coughlan, M. J, Defining drought: a meteorological viewpoint. Science for Drought. In: Proc. of the National Drought Forum. Brisbane, Australia. (2003) p 24-27.
• [16] Perry, A. H, Precipitation and climatic change in central Sudan. In: H. R. J. Davies (ed) Rural Development in the White Nile Province, Sudan. A Study of Interaction between Man and Natural Resources. The United Nations University, Tokyo. (1986) p 33-42
• [17] McKee, T. B., Doesken, N. J. and Kleist, J, The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales. In: R.E. Hallgren (ed). 8th Conference on Applied Climatology, American Meteorological Society, Anaheim California. (1993) p 179-186.
• [18] Hayes, M. J., Svoboda, M. D., White, D. A. and Vanyarkho, O. V, Monitoring the 1996 drought using the Standardized Precipitation Index. Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc. 80(3) (1999) 429-438
• [19] Christopher C. Funk, Gary Eilerts, Jim Verdin, Jim Rowland, Michael Marshall. A climate trend analysis of Sudan. Fact Sheet 2011-3072. Famine Early Warning Systems Network-Informing Climate Change Adaptation Series. U.S. Geological Survey. https://doi.org/10.3133/fs20113072
• [20] Fadel-El Moula, M. (2005) Assessment of the Impacts of Climate Variability and Extreme Climatic Events in Sudan during 1940-2000, Meteorological Corporation, Khartoum, Sudan
• [21] Elagib N. A, Meteorological Drought and Crop Yield in Sub-Saharan Sudan. International Journal of Water Resources and Arid Environments 2(3): (2013) 164-171
• [22] Parry M.L., Canziani O. F., Palutikof J. P., Van derlinden P. J. and Hason C. E, Climate change: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability. Contribution of working Group (II) to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK (2007).
• [23] UNFCCC. (UN Framework Convention on Climate Change),Uniting on Climate, Bonn: UNFCCC, 2007, 12 Univ. Eng. Technol., Rajshahi.
• [24] Alcamo, J., Dronin, N., Endejan, M., Golubev, G. and Kirilenkoc, A, A new assessment of climate change impacts on food production shortfalls and water availability in Russia. Global Environ. Change—Hum. Policy Dimens. 17 (2007) 429–444
• [25] Maracchi, G., Sirotenko, O. & Bindi, M. Impacts of Present and Future Climate Variability on Agriculture and Forestry in the Temperate Regions: Europe. Climatic Change 70, 117–135 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-005-5939-7

• Document Type: article