Pochodzenie i zróżnicowanie genetyczne ludzkiego wirusa niedoboru odporności typu 1

• Authors: Monika Ziach-Terlecka , Tomasz Wąsik

Title variants

EN

The origin and genetic diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

PL

Pandemia ludzkiego wirusa niedoboru odporności (human immunodeficiency virus – HIV) została zapoczątkowana przez wielokrotną transmisję małpiego wirusa upośledzenia odporności (simian immunodeficiency virus – SIV) do populacji ludzkiej. Niezwykła zmienność HIV-1 wynikająca z dużej częstości mutacji pojawiających się w genomie oraz możliwości rekombinacji między materiałem genetycznym różnych szczepów wirusa zaowocowała wykształceniem zróżnicowanych pod względem genetycznym wariantów. Genetyczne różnice między izolatami HIV-1 stanowią obecnie podstawę klasyfikacji wirusa, a śledzenie rozprzestrzeniania poszczególnych wariantów pozwala na monitorowanie rozwoju epidemii i dostarcza ważnych informacji na temat czasu i sposobu transmisji wirusa do różnych krajów, regionów geograficznych lub populacji. Z drugiej strony olbrzymia różnorodność form genetycznych wirusa utrudnia diagnostykę infekcji, może wpływać na wrażliwość HIV-1 na leki i stanowi poważną przeszkodę w badaniach zmierzających do stworzenia skutecznej szczepionki. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono aktualny stan wiedzy na temat pochodzenia wirusa, genetycznego zróżnicowania HIV-1 i wpływu tego czynnika na przebieg zakażenia i rozwój epidemii.

EN

Multiple transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) into the human population started the pandemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). The extraordinary variability of human immunodeficiency virus HIV-1 resulting from the high rate of genome mutations and the recombination between different strains resulted in the emergence of a genetically diverse viral strains. Genetic differences between HIV-1 isolates are now the basis for the classification of the virus. Tracking the spread of the HIV-1 genetic variants allows for the monitoring of the development of the epidemic, and provides important information about the time and possible routes of virus introduction into different countries, geographical regions or populations with different transmission routes of infection. On the other hand, the vast viral genetic diversity complicates the diagnosis of infection, can affect the susceptibility of HIV-1 to drugs and is a major obstacle in research aimed at creating an effective vaccine. In this paper the current knowledge on the origin of virus, the genetic diversity of HIV-1, as well as its impact on the course of infection and development of the epidemic is presented.

Keywords

EN

HIV-1; epidemiologia molekularna; genetic diversity; molecular epidemiology; zróżnicowanie genetyczne

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach
• Journal: Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis
• Year: 2013
• Volume: 67
• Issue: 6
• Pages: 400–409

Contributors

author

Monika Ziach-Terlecka

• Katedra i Zakład Mikrobiologii i Wirusologii Wydziału Farmaceutycznego z Oddziałem Medycyny Laboratoryjnej Śląskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Katowicach ul. Jagiellońska 4 41-200 Sosnowiec tel. [phone]

author

Tomasz Wąsik

• Katedra i Zakład Mikrobiologii i Wirusologii Wydziału Farmaceutycznego z Oddziałem Medycyny Laboratoryjnej Śląskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Katowicach

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• Document Type: article