Comparative Analysis of Heterogeneous Bio-Catalysts for the Production of Bio-Diesel from Pork Lard

• Authors: Madu Paul Chukwunonso , Edwin Nwabufo Ikezue , Joseph Okechukwu Ezeugo , Ibiam Prince Amauche
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

Large scale biodiesel production was produced through Trans esterification of oil from pork lard with methanol and calcium oxide (CaO) obtained from biological sources as catalysts using batch mode. The physicochemical properties of CaO catalysts obtained from chicken eggshells and pawpaw leaves were characterized and effects of key parameters like reaction temperature, reaction time, catalyst concentration and methanol/oil molar ratio were determined using batch mode. These researches has experimentally develop a new method for lard by using suitable conditions of production with solvent blending. A polynomial equation was obtained for lard biodiesel yields as a function of synthesis parameters. The validity of the predictive model was confirmed by validation experiments. The suitable combination for high quality biodiesel production from lard was less than 2.0 wt. % catalyst with 10:1 methanol/lard molar ratio and 65.0 wt. % solvent additive. The significant point of this method was to use high solvent blending ratios for lard synthesis to overcome poor solubility problems between highly concentrated free fatty acid pork lard and catalyst. Using this method, gave high yields of biodiesel in short reaction time. The evaluation of the synthesis was made using gas chromatography. The final products fulfilled all the requirements of ASTM D6751-09 and EN 142:4 standards. Overall, this process can be useful for larger scale industrial process with low energy consumption.

Keywords

EN

Bio-Catalysts; Comparative Analysis; Heterogeneous; Pork Lard; Production Bio-Diesel

Discipline

• BIOTECHNOLOGY: BIOTECHNOLOGY

• Publisher: Scientific Publishing House „DARWIN”
• Journal: World News of Natural Sciences
• Year: 2025
• Volume: 61
• Issue: 2
• Pages: 270-311

Contributors

author

Madu Paul Chukwunonso

• Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli, Anamber State, Nigeria

author

Edwin Nwabufo Ikezue

• Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli, Anamber State, Nigeria

author

Joseph Okechukwu Ezeugo

• Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli, Anamber State, Nigeria

author

Ibiam Prince Amauche

• Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli, Anamber State, Nigeria

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• Document Type: article