Fingolimod w leczeniu stwardnienia rozsianego

• Authors: Marek Juszczak , Paweł Gierach , Andrzej Głąbiński

Title variants

EN

Fingolimod in treatment of multiple sclerosis

• Languages of publication: EN PL

Abstracts

EN

Currently immunomodulatory drugs for multiple sclerosis (MS) are injected subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously. This route of drug delivery creates some inconveniences for patients and health care system and there is a need to introduce oral treatment with efficacy superior to available treatments. The first drug of this characteristics is fingolimod (FTY720). This drug is easily absorbed from digestive tract with the maximal concentration in the blood 12-16 hours after ingestion. The mechanism of FTY720 action targets sequestration of mature lymphocytes in lymph nodes and Peyer’s patch, what limits the number of lymphocytes in the blood and inflammatory cuffs. The function of lymphocytes and their activation is not affected. It is suggested that fingolimod slows lymphocyte migration using two independent mechanisms: firstly by diminishing the number of S1P1 receptors on lymphocytes and blocking signalling for their migration, the second mechanism relies on constant stimulation of those receptors on endothelium in lymph node sinuses to strengthen the barrier limiting lymphocyte migration. Promising results of phase II clinical trials enabled development of two big phase III trials which opened the way to register fingolimod: FREEDOMS (FTY720 Research Evaluating Effects of Daily Oral therapy in Multiple Sclerosis) and TRANSFORMS (Trial Assessing Injectable Interferon versus FTY720 Oral in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis). FREEDOMS study confirmed superiority of fingolimod over placebo in all analyzed endpoints. TRANSFORMS study showed that fingolimod slows MS activity stronger that interferon β-1a. Those data confirm that FTY720 is promising new drug for the treatment of MS.

PL

W chwili obecnej leczenie immunomodulujące stwardnienia rozsianego (łac. sclerosis multiplex, SM) polega na podawaniu leków w postaci iniekcji podskórnych, domięśniowych bądź dożylnych. Powoduje to liczne niedogodności dla pacjentów, wobec czego istnieje zapotrzebowanie na wprowadzenie leku doustnego o skuteczności przewyższającej skuteczność leków obecnie stosowanych. Pierwszym tego typu lekiem jest fingolimod (FTY720). Lek ten dobrze wchłania się z przewodu pokarmowego, a maksymalne stężenie we krwi osiąga po 12-16 godzinach od podania. Mechanizm działania fingolimodu polega na powodowaniu sekwestracji dojrzałych limfocytów w węzłach chłonnych i kępkach Peyera, co zmniejsza ich liczbę we krwi oraz w naciekach limfocytarnych. FTY720 nie upośledza funkcji limfocytów, a zwłaszcza aktywacji limfocytów T. Uważa się, że fingolimod może hamować migrację limfocytów na drodze dwóch niezależnych mechanizmów: pierwszy to zmniejszanie liczby receptorów S1P1 na limfocytach T i osłabienie sygnału do ich migracji, drugi to stałe pobudzanie tych receptorów obecnych na śródbłonku zatok w węzłach chłonnych do wzmacniania bariery ograniczającej migrację limfocytów. Zachęcające wyniki badań klinicznych II fazy umożliwiły zaprojektowanie dwóch dużych badań III fazy, które otworzyły fingolimodowi drogę do rejestracji: FREEDOMS (FTY720 Research Evaluating Effects of Daily Oral therapy in Multiple Sclerosis) i TRANSFORMS (Trial Assessing Injectable Interferon versus FTY720 Oral in Relapsing- Remitting Multiple Sclerosis). W zakresie wszystkich klinicznych i rezonansowych punktów końcowych w badaniu FREEDOMS udowodniono przewagę fingolimodu nad placebo. Badanie TRANSFORMS pozwoliło udowodnić, że fingolimod zmniejsza aktywność SM skuteczniej niż interferon β-1a. Dane te potwierdzają, że fingolimod jest obiecującym nowym lekiem w terapii SM.

Keywords

EN

badania kliniczne; clinical trials; fingolimod; immunomodulacja; immunomodulation; leczenie doustne; multiple sclerosis; oral treatment; stwardnienie rozsiane

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Medical Communications
• Journal: Aktualności Neurologiczne
• Year: 2010
• Volume: 10
• Issue: 3
• Pages: 145-151

Contributors

author

Marek Juszczak

• Oddział Kliniczny Propedeutyki Neurologicznej, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi

author

Paweł Gierach

• Oddział Kliniczny Propedeutyki Neurologicznej, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi

author

Andrzej Głąbiński

• Oddział Kliniczny Propedeutyki Neurologicznej, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Łodzi, WSS im. M. Kopernika, ul. Pabianicka 62, 93-513 Łódź, tel.: [phone]

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• Document Type: article