Czynniki wpływające na wybór specjalizacji z psychiatrii wśród studentów uczelni medycznych – przegląd literatury

• Authors: Arkadiusz Wilczek , Anna Rogalska

Title variants

EN

Factors influencing the choice of specialization in psychiatry among students of medical universities – a review

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

PL

WSTĘP: Rosnąca liczba osób zmagających się z zaburzeniami psychicznymi negatywnie wpływa na niestabilną sytuację kadrową wśród lekarzy psychiatrów zarówno w Polsce, jak i na świecie. Celem pracy było określenie i zgrupowanie czynników wpływających na wybór specjalizacji z psychiatrii przez studentów medycyny na świecie. METODY: Przeszukano zasoby pięciu internetowych baz danych i serwisów (PubMed, Base, Embase, Google Scholar, ResearchGate) z okresu 2014–2022, wykorzystując następujące słowa kluczowe w języku angielskim: „psychiatry”, „career choice”, „medical student” oraz „attitude to psychiatry”. WYNIKI: Do ostatecznej analizy zakwalifikowano 21 publikacji. Większość z nich (n = 16) stanowiła opis wyni-ków badań wykorzystujących autorskie ankiety i narzędzia walidowane. Wyodrębniono cztery kategorie czyn-ników: osobowościowe i społeczne, związane z psychiatrią na studiach, wynikające z charakteru specjalizacji oraz wynikające z pracy z pacjentami leczonymi psychiatrycznie. Czynniki pozytywnie wpływające na wybór specjalizacji to uczestnictwo w zajęciach dodatkowych z psychiatrii oraz obecność osoby z zaburzeniami psy-chicznymi w otoczeniu studenta. Czynniki negatywne to stygmatyzacja zaburzeń psychicznych w społeczeń-stwie i towarzyszący temu negatywny wizerunek specjalizacji. WNIOSKI: Analizując artykuły naukowe w internetowych bazach danych i serwisach, zaobserwowano brak w Polsce badań w tym obszarze. Powinno to skłonić do dalszych analiz i próby podjęcia takich badań w kraju. Umożliwiłoby to poprawę wizerunku specjalizacji, wzrost zainteresowania psychiatrią wśród studentów, a także pełne wykorzystanie miejsc specjalizacyjnych.

EN

INTRODUCTION: The growing number of people struggling with mental disorders has a negative impact on the unstable staffing situation among psychiatrists both in Poland and in the world. The aim of the study was to identify and group the factors influencing the choice of specialization in psychiatry by students of medical faculties around the world. METHODS: The resources of five internet databases and search engines (PubMed, Base, Embase, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate) from the period 2014–2022 were searched using the following keywords in English: “psychiatry”, “career choice”, “medical student”, and “attitude to psychiatry”. RESULTS: 21 publications were qualified for the final analysis. Among the selected articles, the majority (n = 16) were descriptions of research results using original questionnaires and validated tools. Four categories of factors were distinguished: personality and social factors, related to psychiatry at university, resulting from the nature of the specialization, and resulting from work with psychiatrically treated patients. The factors positively influencing the choice are participation in additional classes in psychiatry and the presence of a mentally ill person in the student’s environment. The negative factors include the stigmatization of mental illnesses in society and the accompanying negative image of the specialization. CONCLUSIONS: When analyzing the articles in the internet databases and search engines, a lack of research in this area was observed in Poland. This should prompt further analyses and attempts to undertake them in terms of the country. This will enable improvement of the image of the specialization and an increase in interest in psychiatry among students, as well as the full use of places in the specialization.

Keywords

EN

attitude to psychiatry; career choice; medical student; psychiatria; psychiatry; stigmatization; stosunek do psychiatrii; student medycyny; stygmatyzacja; wybór kariery

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach
• Journal: Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis
• Year: 2023
• Issue: 77
• Pages: 87-94

Contributors

author

Arkadiusz Wilczek

• Studenckie Koło Naukowe przy Zakładzie Ekonomiki i Zarządzania w Ochronie Zdrowia, Wydział Zdrowia Publicznego w Bytomiu, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach / Student Research Group, Department of Health Economics and Health Management, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland

author

Anna Rogalska

• Zakład Ekonomiki i Zarządzania w Ochronie Zdrowia, Wydział Zdrowia Publicznego w Bytomiu, Śląski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach / Department of Health Economics and Health Management, Faculty of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland

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• Document Type: article