Rola transporterów GLUT1 i GLUT3 w pobieraniu glukozy i kwasu dehydroaskorbinowego przez komórki nowotworowe

• Authors: Paweł Jóźwiak

Title variants

EN

The role of transporters GLUT1 and GLUT3 in glucose and dehydroascorbic acid uptake in cancer cells

• Languages of publication: PL

Abstracts

PL

Charakterystyczną cechą komórek nowotworowych jest zwiększony metabolizm połączony z zahamowaniem fosforylacji oksydacyjnej. Oddychanie przebiegające w warunkach beztlenowych prowadzi do przyspieszonej glikolizy i wzrostu zapotrzebowania na glukozę. W nasilonym pobieraniu glukozy przez komórki pośredniczą transportery glukozy – GLUT (ang. glucose transporters). Nadekspresję białek GLUT, w szczególności regulowanych warunkami hipoksji - GLUT1 i GLUT3 zaobserwowano w wielu typach nowotworów. Ponieważ transportery te wykazują wysokie powinowactwo do glukozy i przenoszą ją z dużą wydajnością, stanowią one kluczowy czynnik limitujący metabolizm glukozy w komórkach guza. Dotychczasowe badania koncentrowały się na roli jaką odgrywają transportery GLUT1 i GLUT3 w transporcie glukozy pomijając aspekt związany z metabolizmem witaminy C. Transportery GLUT pośredniczą w pobieraniu przez komórkę kwasu dehydroaskorbinowego (DHA), który wewnątrz komórki ulega redukcji do biologicznie aktywnej formy witaminy C. W warunkach fizjologicznych witamina C ma właściwości antyoksydacyjne, chroniąc komórki przed stresem oksydacyjnym. Jednakże w zależności od warunków, witamina C może również wywoływać efekty pro-oksydacyjne związane z generowaniem reaktywnych form tlenu. Stwierdzono, że niski poziom wolnych rodników i nadtlenku wodoru stymuluje żywotność i proliferację komórek, podczas gdy wysokie stężenie reaktywnych form tlenu prowadzi do apoptozy lub nekrozy. W pracy przedstawiono aktualny stan wiedzy na temat transportu glukozy i kwasu dehydroaskorbinowego z udziałem transporterów GLUT1 i GLUT3 w komórkach nowotworowych.

EN

Cancer cells are characterized by acceleration in energy consumption, together with the inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation. The anaerobic respiration leads to the enhancement of glycolysis and the higher rate of glucose uptake into cancer cells. The upregulation of glucose transport across the plasma membrane is mediated by facilitative glucose transporters named GLUTs. The overexpression of GLUTs, especially the hypoxia responsive GLUT1 and GLUT3, has been frequently observed in the variety of human malignancies. Since GLUT1 and GLUT3 have a high transporting efficiency and affinity to glucose, these proteins are key rate-limiting factors in glucose uptake by cancer cells. The reported data focus on the glucose transport mediated by GLUT1 and GLUT3, ignoring the participation of both carriers in vitamin C metabolism. The GLUT proteins transport dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) which intracellularly is reduced to an antioxidant, protecting cells from oxidative stress. However, vitamin C may also have pro-oxidant effects, via its ability to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). It has been shown, that the low level of free radicals and hydrogen peroxide stimulates cell proliferation and viability, whereas the high concentration of reactive oxygen species may induce apoptosis or necrosis. This paper presents the current state of knowledge concerning the transport of glucose and dehydroascorbic acid mediated by hypoxia-induced facilitative glucose transporters in cancer cells.

Discipline

• MEDICINE: MEDICINE

• Publisher: Łódzkie Towarzystwo Naukowe
• Journal: Folia Medica Lodziensia
• Year: 2012
• Volume: 39
• Issue: 2

Contributors

author

Paweł Jóźwiak

• Katedra Cytobiochemii Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego

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• Document Type: paper