EN
The progress made by new biotechnologies in haploid and polyploid developments is outlined.There are many applications for biotechnology in haploid production via anther or ovule culture or embryo rescue, clonal propagation, doubling, protoplast fusion, mutant induction and transformation.In several species, transformed germplasm derived from somatic fusion or gene transfer is already being used in fields trials.Meiotic mutants that form unreduced gametes have improved results of crosses between species with different levels of ploidy.Genomic maps based on RFLP technique and doubled haploids as well as physical maps (FISH technique) are under construction.New molecular (RFLP, RAPD) and immunological markers are being used for diagnostic assays.The priorities for biotechnology research in plants are emphasised.