Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) and sepsis

• Authors: Knethen A. von_ , M. Soller , B. Brune
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

This review describes the role of the nuclear hormone receptor PPARgamma as a double-edged sword in sepsis. On the one hand, PPARgamma inhibits pro-inflammatory gene expression, predominantly by scavenging transcription factors and their cofactors, thus preventing them from binding to their cognate binding sites in the promoters of target genes. The expressions of the affected genes, such as those for inducible nitric oxide synthase, TNF-alpha, or IL-1beta are repressed. Therefore, PPARgamma is suggested to be beneficial in hyper-inflammatory diseases, such as sepsis. In n animal models of sepsis, PPARgamma agonist pretreatment auspiciously attenuated inflammation compared with control animals, accompanied by their improved survival rate. On the other hand, PPARgamma provokes apoptosis, which in the hyper-inflammatory phase of sepsis might be helpful because the number of immune cells, such as monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils, involved in secreting high amounts of pro-inflammatory mediators will be reduced. In contrast, during the anti-inflammatory phase, cell death of immune cells, especially of T lymphocytes, is supposed to be deleterious. Under these circumstances, a second infection cannot be adequately answered, thus causing septic shock and multi-organ dysfunction syndrome. Therefore the role of PPARgamma is still ambiguous. Particularly its role in initiating apoptosis awaits further clarification to finally elucidate its impact on sepsis development.

Keywords

EN

APOPTOSIS; INFLAMMATION; SEPSIS; T CELL

Discipline

• IMMUNOLOGY: IMMUNOLOGY

• Publisher: Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences
• Journal: Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis
• Year: 2007
• Volume: 55
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 19-25

Contributors

author

Knethen A. von_

author

M. Soller

author

B. Brune

• Document Type: REVIEW
• Publication order reference: Andreas von Knethen, Department of Biochemistry I-Pathobiochemistry, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Faculty of Medicine, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany