Czy wszystkie sklonowane zwierzęta starzeją się tak samo? Telomery i telomeraza - czy są jakieś różnice?

• Authors: Monika Marta Antkiewicz , Elizabeth Young Abrahamsen , Belinda Langnes , Hilde-Gunn Opsahl Sorteberg

Title variants

EN

Do all cloned animals age in the same way - telomeres and telomerase, is there any difference?

• Languages of publication: PL EN

Abstracts

EN

In discussions regarding modern biotechnology, cloning is the word commonly associated with this field of knowledge. This is a direct result of the world famous cloning of "Dolly" in 1997. Even though, the technology have been developed several years ago it is still in its infancy, and years might go by before good solutions are developed. What has to be noticed is that only a small percentage of cloning experiments will lead to viable offspring, and in addition, the lifespan of cloned animals seems to be shorter than their donor ancestors and sibling from normal reproduction. "Dolly's" early death led to many questions, among them; did the cloning process accelerate aging? Subsequently, many studies have been performed to find a reason for Dolly early aging. As a result, it was stated that this animal inherited shortened telomeres from the donor cell, and that was the reason for the rapid aging process. Since then many various animals have been successfully cloned. Different observations suggest that the age of the donor cell used in somatic cell nuclear transfer technique not necessarily affect the aging of cloned animals. The telomere length in animals that underwent the cloning procedure vary based on species, age, gender, cell type, culturing environment and so on. It is also important to consider genetic facts in donor animals, when telomere length seems to vary within the species. It is shown that telomere length can give an indication on cell senescence, but is not necessarily related to the aging of the organism. Different results presented in the articles imply that there is no straightforward answer when comes to early aging of cloned animals. Still there are many unanswered questions. Future research will provide us with deeper knowledge of these mechanisms, necessary for optimizing of the cloning procedure.

• Journal: Kosmos
• Year: 2008
• Volume: 57
• Issue: 1-2
• Pages: 119-125

Dates

published

2008

Contributors

author

Monika Marta Antkiewicz

• Biotechnologia - Studia Międzywydziałowe, Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kołłątaja, Al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425 Kraków, Polska

author

Elizabeth Young Abrahamsen

• Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norwegia

author

Belinda Langnes

• Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norwegia

author

Hilde-Gunn Opsahl Sorteberg

• Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norwegia

References

• Agarwal S., 2006. Cellular Reprogramming. Methods Enzymol. 420, 265-270.
• Aubert G., Lansdorp P. M., 2008. Telomeres and aging. Physiol. Rev. 88, 557-579.
• Betteridge K. J., 2001. Comparative aspects of conceptus growth: a historical perspective. Reproduction 122, 11-19.
• Betts D. H., Perrault S. D., Petrick J., Lin L., Favetta L. A., Keefer C. L., King W. A., 2005. Telomere Length Analysis in Goat Clones and Their Offspring. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 72, 461-470.
• Blasco M. A., Lee H. W., Hande M. P., Samper E., Lansdorp P. M., De Pinho R. A., Greider C. W., 1997. Telomere shortening and tumor formation in mouse cells lacking telomerase RNA. Cell 91, 25-34.
• Borge O. J., 2007. 10 år siden Dolly forandret verden. Genialt 1, 14-15.
• Campbell K. H. S., Mcwhir J., Ritchie W. A., Wilmut I., 1996. Sheep cloned by nuclear transfer from a cultured cell line. Nature 380,64-66.
• Engelhardt M., Martens U. M., 1998. The implication of telomerase activity and telomere stability for replicative aging and cellular immortality. Oncol. Rep. 5, 1043-52.
• hochedlinger K., Jaenisch R., 2006. Nuclear reprogramming and pluripotency. Nature 441, 1061-67.
• Jeon H. Y., Hyun S. H., Lee G. S., Kim H. S., Kim S., Jeong Y. W., Kang S. K., Lee B. C., Han J. Y., Ahn C., Hwang W. S., 2005. The Analysis of Telomere Length and Telomerase Activity in Cloned Pigs and Cows. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 71, 315-320.
• Kenyon C., 2005. The Plasticity of Aging: Insights from Long-Lived Mutants. Cell 120, 449-460.
• Kubota C., YAMAKUCHI H., TODOROKI J., MIZOSHITA K., TABARA N., BARBER M., YANG X., 2000. Six cloned calves produced from adult fibroblast cells after long term culture. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 990-995.
• Kuhholzer-cabot B., Brem G., 2002. Aging of animals produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer. Exp. Gerontol. 37, 1315-1321.
• Lanza R. P., Cibelli J. B., Blackwell C., Cristofalo V. J., Francis M. K., Baerlocher G. M., Mak J., Schertzer M., Chavez E. A., Sawyer N., Lansdorp P. M., West M. D., 2000. Extension of cell life-span and telomere length in animals cloned from senescent somatic cells. Science 288, 665-669.
• Latham K. E., 2004. Cloning: questions answered and unsolved. Differentiation 72, 11-22.
• Meier A., Fiegler H., Munoz P., Ellis P., Rigler D., Langford C., Blasco M. A., Carter N., Jackson S. P., 2007. Spreading of mammalian DNA-damage response factors studied by ChIP-chip at damaged telomeres. EMBO J. 26, 2707-18.
• Miyashita N., Shiga K., Yonai M., Kaneyama K., Kobayashi S., Kojima T., Goto Y., Kishi M., Aso H. A., Suzuki T., Sakaguchi M., Nagai T., 2002. Remarkable differences in telomere lengths among cloned cattle derived from different cell types. Biol. Reprod. 66, 1649-1655.
• Murphy C. T., Mccarroll S. A., Bargmann C. I., Fraser A., Kamath R. S., Ahringer J., Li H., Kenyon C., 2003. Genes that act downstream of DAF-16 to influence the lifespan od Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature 424, 277-284.
• Ogonuki N., Inoue K., Yamamoto Y., Noguchi Y., Tanemura K., Suzuki O., Nakayama H., Doi K., Ohtomo Y., Satoh M., Nishida A., Ogura A., 2002. Early death of mice cloned from somatic cells. Nat. Gen. 30, 253-254.
• Shay J. W., Wright W. E., 2005. Senescence and immortalization: role of telomeres and telomerase. Carcinogenesis 26, 867-874.
• Shay J. W., Wright W. E., 2007. Hallmarks of telomeres in ageing research. J. Pathol. 211, 11-123.
• Tian X. C., Xu J., Yang X., 2000. Normal telomere lengths found in cloned cattle. Nat. Genet. 26, 272-273.
• Wakayama T., Shinkai Y., Tamashiro K. L. K., Niida H., Blanchard D. C., Blanchard R. J., Ogura A., Tanemura K., Tachibana M., Perry A. C. F., Colgan D. F., Mombaerts P., Yanagimachi R., 2000. Aging: cloning mice to six generations. Nature 407, 318-319.