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2012 | 19 | 3 | 347-358

Article title

Study of the Biodegrability of Degradable/Biodegradable Plastic Material in a Controlled Composting Environment

Content

Title variants

Languages of publication

EN

Abstracts

EN
The objective of this study was to determine the degrability/biodegradability of disposable plastic bags available on the market that are labeled as degradable/biodegradable and those certified as compost. The investigated materials were obtained from chain stores in the Czech Republic and Poland. Seven kinds of bags (commercially available) were used in this study. One of them was a disposable bag made of HDPE and mixed with totally degradable plastic additive (TDPA additive). Another was a disposable made of polyethylene with the addition of pro-oxidant additive (d2w additive). One was labeled as 100% degradable within various periods of time, from three months up to three years, and four were certified as compostable. The test was carried out in a controlled composting environment. The biodisintegration degree of the obtained pieces was evaluated following a modified version of ČSN EN 14806 Norm "Packaging - Preliminary evaluation of the disintegration of the packaging materials under simulated composting conditions in a laboratory scale test" and a modified version of ČSN EN ISO 20200 "Plastics - Determination of the degree of disintegration of plastic materials under simulated composting conditions in laboratory-scale test" (ISO 20200:2004). The emphasis was put on determination whether the bags are degradable/biodegradable or not.
PL
Celem badań było określenie degradacji/biodegradacji "jednorazowych" plastikowych toreb dostępnych na rynku, które są oznaczone jako degradowalne/biodegradowalne, jak również toreb certyfikowanych jako nadające się do kompostowania. Badane materiały są dostępne w sieci sklepów w Czechach oraz w Polsce. Badaniu poddano siedem próbek. Jedną z nich była jednorazowa torba wykonana z folii HDPE (polietylenu łatwo degradowalnego) z dodatkiem TDPA (powodującego całkowitą degradację folii polietylenowej). Badano też torby wykonane z różnymi dodatkami, co powodowało ich rozkład w określonym czasie. Testy zostały przeprowadzone w kontrolowanych warunkach kompostowania. Stopień rozkładu określono za pomocą zmodyfikowanej wersji normy ČSN EN 14806 "Opakowania - Ocena wstępna rozpadu materiałów opakowaniowych w symulowanych warunkach kompostowania w badaniach w skali laboratoryjnej" oraz zmodyfikowanej wersji normy ČSN EN ISO 20200 "Tworzywa sztuczne - Oznaczanie stopnia rozpadu tworzyw sztucznych w symulowanych warunkach kompostowania w skali laboratoryjnej" (ISO 20200:2004). Głównym celem badań było określenie, czy jednorazowe torby ulegają degradacji/biodegradacji czy nie.

Publisher

Year

Volume

19

Issue

3

Pages

347-358

Physical description

Dates

published
1 - 1 - 2012
online
16 - 7 - 2012

Contributors

  • Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
  • Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
  • Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic
  • Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic

References

  • Sivan A. New perspectives in plastic biodegradation. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2011;22(3):422-426.[Crossref][PubMed][WoS]
  • Iovino R, Zullo R, Rao MA, Cassar L, Gianfreda L. Biodegradation of poly(lactic acid)/starch/coir biocomposites under controlled composting conditions. Polym Degrad Stab. 2008;93:147-157.[WoS]
  • Mohee R, Unmar G. Determining biodegradability of plastic materials under controlled and natural composting environments. Waste Manage. 2007;27:1486-1493.[Crossref][WoS]
  • Leejarkpai T, Suwanmanee U, Rudeekit Y, Mungcharoen T. Biodegradable kinetics of plastics under controlled composting conditions. Waste Manage. 2011;31:1153-1161.[WoS][Crossref]
  • Mohee R, Unmar GD, Mudhoo A, Khadoo P. Biodegradability of biodegradable/degradable plastic materials under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Waste Manage. 2008;28:1624-1629.[Crossref][WoS]
  • Kale G, Kijchavengkul T, Auras R, Rubino M, Susan E. Selke, Singh S. Compostability of bioplastic packaging materials: An overview. Macromol Biosci. 2007;7:255-277.[Crossref][PubMed][WoS]
  • Kale G, Auras R, Singh S, Narayan R. Biodegradability of polylactide bottles in real and simulated composting conditions. Polym Test. 2007;26:1049-1061.[Crossref][WoS]
  • Guillet J. Plastics and the Environment. Degradable Polymers: Principles and Applications. London: Chapman and Hall; 1995.
  • Vikman M, Karjomaa S, Kapanen A, Wallenius K, Itävaara M. The influence of lignin content and temperature on the biodegradation of lignocellulose in composting conditions. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2002;59:591-598.[PubMed]
  • Nakasaki K, Ohtaki A, Sato N, Kubota H. Effects of temperature and inoculum on the degradability of biodegradable plastic during composting. Organic Recovery and Biological Treatment (ORBIT). 1997;205-208.
  • Venelampi O, Weber A, Rönkko T, Itävaara M. The biodegradation and disintegration of paper products in the composting environment. Compost Science and Utilization. 2003;11(3):200-209.
  • De Wilde B, Boelens J. Prerequisites for biodegradable plastic materials for acceptance in real-life composting plants and technical aspects. Polym Degrad Stab. 1997;59:7-12.
  • Sarasa J, Gracia J, Javierre C. Study of the biodisintegration of a bioplastic material waste. Biores Technol. 2009;100:3764-3768.[Crossref]
  • Kalina M. Composting and Care for Land. Prague: Grada Publishing; 2004 [In Czech].
  • Gattin R, Copinet A, Bertrand C, Couturier Y. Biodegradation study of a starch and poly(lactic acid) co-extruded material in liquid, composting and inert mineral media. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation. 2002;50(1):25-31.[Crossref]
  • ČSN EN 14806 Norm "Packaging - Preliminary evaluation of the disintegration of the packaging materials under simulated composting conditions in a laboratory scale test" [In Czech].
  • ČSN EN ISO 20200 "Plastics - Determination of the degree of disintegration of plastic materials under simulated composting conditions in a laboratory-scale test" (ISO 20200:2004).

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.-psjd-doi-10_2478_v10216-011-0025-8
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