Aerobic capacity and sprint velocity of Leagues I and IV football players

• Authors: Małgorzata Michalczyk , Barbara Kłapcińska , Stanisław Poprzęcki , Sławomir Jagsz , Ewa Sadowska-Krępa , Elżbieta Kimsa , Katarzyna Kempa , Jan Chmura
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

Study aim: To assess the aerobic capacity, sprint velocity and changes in biochemical variables in football players preparing for the spring round of matches.Material and methods: Football players from League I (n = 19) and League IV (n = 15) were subjected twice to a graded running tests at the beginning and at the end of the pre-season preparation period. The following variables were recorded: maximum running velocity (km/h), O2max (ml/kg/min), pulmonary ventilation (VE), load at the lactate threshold (LT) expressed as the threshold velocity (LTV; km/h) or %O2max, activities of enzymes in plasma - creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), concentrations of lactate (La), ammonia (NH3) and of glucose (Gl) in plasma. At the end of the study the players were also subjected to a 30-m sprint test.Results: In League I players, LT significantly (p<0.05) increased from 11.9 ± 0.8 (at the beginning) to 12.6 ± 0.7 km/h (at the end of the pre-season preparation period) and the maximum load - from 17.4 ± 0.9 to 18.3 ± 1.0 km/h, respectively. Also, the concentrations of NH3 and Gl significantly (p<0.05) increased and enzyme activities tended to increase (p<0.10) following the graded running test. Moreover, they attained significantly (p<0.05) higher velocity at the first 5 m of the 30-m sprint test than their League IV mates.Conclusions: The negligible differences between football players from Leagues I and IV in their aerobic capacity and speed abilities, and the marked distance from world elite players in those indices, call for substantial changes in training strategies and schedules.

Keywords

EN

Football players; VO2max; Lactate threshold; Sprint velocity

• Publisher: Versita
• Journal: Biomedical Human Kinetics
• Year: 2010
• Volume: 2
• Pages: 9-14

Dates

published

1 - 1 - 2010

online

5 - 3 - 2010

Contributors

author

Małgorzata Michalczyk

• Department of Biochemistry, University School of Physical Education, Katowice

author

Barbara Kłapcińska

• Department of Biochemistry, University School of Physical Education, Katowice

author

Stanisław Poprzęcki

• Department of Biochemistry, University School of Physical Education, Katowice

author

Sławomir Jagsz

• Department of Biochemistry, University School of Physical Education, Katowice

author

Ewa Sadowska-Krępa

• Department of Biochemistry, University School of Physical Education, Katowice

author

Elżbieta Kimsa

• Department of Biochemistry, University School of Physical Education, Katowice

author

Katarzyna Kempa

• Department of Biochemistry, University School of Physical Education, Katowice

author

Jan Chmura

• Department of Motor Science in Sports, University School of Physical Education, Wrocław, Poland

References

• Bangsbo J. (1994) The physiology of soccer - with special reference to intense intermittent exercise. A.Physiol.Scand. 165:337-345.
• Bangsbo J., M.Mohr (2005) Variations in running speed and recovery time after a sprint during top-class soccer matches. Med.Sci.Sports Exerc. 37:87.
• Bangsbo J., M.Mohr, P.Krustrup (2006) Physical and metabolic demands of training and match-play in the elite football player. J.Sports Sci. 24:665-674.[Crossref]
• Bergh U., B.Sjödin, A.Forsberg, J.Svedenhag (1991) The relationship between body mass and oxygen uptake during running in humans. Med.Sci.Sports Exerc. 23:205-211.[PubMed]
• Brambrink J.K., J.D.Fluckey, M.S.Hickey, B.W.Craig (1997) Influence of muscle mass and work on post-exercise glucose and insulin responses in young untrained subjects. A.Physiol.Scand. 161:371-377.
• Brancaccio P., N.Maffuli, F.M.Limongelli (2007) Creatine kinase monitoring in sport medicine. Br.Med.Bull. 81-82:209-230.[WoS]
• Burgomaster K.A., K.R.Howarth, S.M.Phillips, MRakobowchuk, M.J.MacDonald, S.L.McGee, M.J.Gibala (2008) Similar metabolic adaptations during exercise after low volume sprint interval and traditional endurance training in humans. J.Physiol. 586:151-160.[WoS]
• Casajus J.A. (2001) Seasonal variation in fitness variables in professional soccer players. J.Sports Med.Phys.Fitness 41: 463-469.
• Chamari K., Y.Hachana, F.Kaouech, R.Jeddi, I.Moussa-Chamari, U.Wisløff (2005) Endurance training and testing with the ball in young elite soccer players. Br.J.Sports Med. 39:24-28.
• Cheng B., H.Kuipers, A.C.Snyder, H.A.Keizer, A.Jeukendrup, M.Hesselink (1992) A new approach for the determination of ventilator and lactate thresholds. Int.J.Sports Med. 13: 518-522.[Crossref]
• Coelho D.B., M.L Pereira Braga., P.A.Ferreira Campos., L.A. Condessa, et al. (2007) Performance of soccer players of different playing positions and nationalities in a 30-m sprint test. Proc. 25th ISBS Symp. 2007, Ouro Preto, Brazil. pp.362-365.
• Cometti G., N.A.Maffiuletti, M.Pousson, J.C.Chatard, N.Maffulli (2001) Isokinetic strength and anaerobic power of elite, sub-elite and amateur French soccer players. Int.J.Sports Med. 22:45-51.[Crossref]
• Costill D.L., W.J.Fink (1974) Plasma volume changes following exercise and thermal dehydration. J.Appl.Physiol. 37:521-525.
• Da Silva C.D., J.Bloomfield, J.C.B.Marins (2008) A review of stature, body mass and maximal oxygen uptake profiles of U17, U20 and first division players in Brazilian soccer. J.Sports Sci Med.7:309-319.
• Helgerud J., L.C.Engen, U.Wisløff, J.Hoff (2001) Aerobic endurance training improves soccer performance. Med.Sci. Sports.Exerc. 33:1925-1931.[Crossref][PubMed]
• Heller J., L.Procházka, V.Bunc (1992) Functional capacity in top league football players during the competitive season. J.Sports Sci. 10:150.
• Hellsten Y., E.A.Richter, B.J.Kiens, J.Bangsbø (1999) AMP deamination and purine exchange in human skeletal muscle during and after intense exercise. J Physiol. 520:909-920.
• Hoff J., U.Wisloff, L.C.Engen, O.J.Kemi, J.Helgerud (2002) Soccer specific aerobic endurance training. Br.J.Sports Med.36:218-221.
• Hoff J. (2005) Training and testing physical capacities for elite soccer players. J.Sports Sci. 23:573-582.[Crossref]
• Hoff J., J.Helgerud (2004) Endurance and strength training for soccer players. Sports Med. 34:165-180.[PubMed][Crossref]
• Karamizrak S.O., E.Ergen, I.R.Töre, N.Akgün (1994) Changes in serum creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and aldolase activities following supramaximal exercise in athletes. J.Sports Med.Phys.Fitness. 34:141-146.
• Krustrup P., Y.J.Hellsten, J.Bangsbo (2004) Intense interval training enhances human skeletal muscle oxygen uptake in the initial phase of dynamic exercise at high but not at low intensities. J.Physiol. 559:335-345.
• Krustrup P., M.Mohr, A.Steensberg, J.Bencke, M.Kiaer (2006) Muscle and blood metabolites during a soccer game: implications for sprint performance. Med.Sci.Sport Exerc. 38: 1165-1174.[Crossref]
• Lindstedt S.L., K.E.Conley (2001) Human aerobic performance: too much ado about limits to VO2. J.Exp.Biol. 204: 3195-3199.
• McMillan K., J.Helgerud, S.J.Grant, J.Newell, J.Wilson, R.Mcdonald, J.Hoff (2005) Lactate threshold responses to a season of professional British youth soccer. Br.J.Sports Med. 39:432-436.
• Mohr M., P.Krustrup, J.Bangsbø (2003) Match performance of high-standard soccer players with special reference to development of fatigue. J.Sports Sci. 21:519-528.[Crossref]
• Reilly T., J.Bangsbo, A.Franks (2000) Anthropometric and physiological predispositions for elite soccer. J.Sports Sci. 18:669-683.[Crossref]
• Rennie M.J., K.D.Tipton (2000) Protein and amino acid metabolism during and after exercise and the effects of nutrition. Annu.Rev.Nutr. 20:457-483.[PubMed][Crossref]
• Spencer M., D.Bishop, B.Dawson, C.Goodman (2005) Physiological and metabolic responses of repeated-sprint activities. Specific to field-based team sports. Sports Med. 35: 10025-1044.
• Stølen T., K.Chamari, C.Castagna, U.Wisløff (2005) Physiology of soccer, an update. Sports Med. 35:501-536.[PubMed][Crossref]
• Van Hall G., B.Saltin, G.J.van der Vusse, K.Söderlund, A.J.M.Wagenmakers (1995) Deamination of amino acids as a source of ammonia production in human skeletal muscle during prolonged exercise. J.Physiol. 489:251-261.
• Wisløff U., C.Castagna, J.Helgerud, R.Jones, J.Hoff (2004) Strong correlation of maximal squat strength with sprint performance and vertical jump height in elite soccer players. Br.J. Sports Med. 38:285-288.
• Wisløff U., J.Helgerud, J.Hoff (1998) Strength and endurance of elite soccer players. Med.Sci.Sports Exerc. 30:462-467.[PubMed][Crossref]

Identifiers

DOI

10.2478/v10101-010-0003-0