Plasticity of the Cortical Motor System

• Authors: Bogdan Sadowski
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

The involvement of brain plastic mechanisms in the control of motor functions under normal and pathological conditions is described. These mechanisms are based on a similar principle as the neuronal models of neuronal plasticity - long-term potentiation (LTP), and long-term depression (LTD). In the motor cortex, LTP-like phenomena play a role in strengthening synaptic connections between pyramidal neurons. LTD is important for the elimination of unnecessary inputs to the cortex. The dynamic features of the primary motor cortex activity depend on particular neuronal interconnectivity within this area. The pyramidal cells send horizontal collaterals to adjacent subregions of the primary motor cortex, and so can either excite or inhibit remote pyramidal cells. These connections can expand or shrink depending on actual physiological demands, and play a role in skill learning.

Keywords

EN

brain plasticity; ischemic brain stroke; motor cortex; transcranial brain stimulation

• Publisher: De Gruyter Open
• Journal: Journal of Human Kinetics
• Year: 2008
• Volume: 20
• Pages: 5-22

Dates

published

1 - 1 - 2008

online

13 - 1 - 2009

Contributors

author

Bogdan Sadowski

• Polish Academy of Sciences, English Division, Warsaw Medical University

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Identifiers

DOI

10.2478/v10078-008-0014-x