Perceived constraints on exercise in the group of the elderly: a pilot study

• Authors: Migle Baceviciene , Justas Alisauskas
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

The aim of this study was to evaluate psychometric properties of the perceived constraints on the physical exercise scale and to indicate the most important perceived constraints that restrict the elderly from exercise.160 persons (aged 60–89) living in Lithuania, Kaunas city were interviewed in 2011. Physical activity was assessed using a short version of International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Constraints on physical exercise were determined according to a structured list of statements consisting of five domains: poor health, fear and negative experiences, lack of knowledge, lack of time and interest, and unsuitable environment. Perceived constraints on the exercise scale demonstrated satisfactory internal consistency and good construct validity: Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of internal reliability were above the standard (≥0.7) with the exception of lack of knowledge domain. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a fivefactor solution that accounted for 67.4% of the variance. Fear and negative experience during exercise increased the odds of insufficient physical activity by 3.3 (1.16–9.59) times whereas lack of time and interest - by 7.2 (2.98–17.31) times. Perceived constraints on the exercise scale is a suitable measure for the elderly investigations. Perceived constraints that most restrict elderly people from exercise were lack of time, interest, fear of falling and injuries.

Keywords

EN

Physical activity; Constraints on exercise; Elderly; Health

• Publisher: De Gruyter Open
• Journal: Open Medicine
• Year: 2013
• Volume: 8
• Issue: 5
• Pages: 689-695

Dates

published

1 - 10 - 2013

online

18 - 9 - 2013

Contributors

author

Migle Baceviciene

• Laboratory of Physical Activity Epidemiology, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto str. 6, Kaunas, LT-44221, Lithuania

author

Justas Alisauskas

• Laboratory of Physical Activity Epidemiology, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto str. 6, Kaunas, LT-44221, Lithuania

References

• [1] World Health Organization. Global recommendations on physical activity for health. World Health Organization, Geneva (Switzerland), 2010
• [2] Baumgartner R.N., Wayne S.J., Waters D.L., Janssen I., Gallagher D., Morley J.E., Sarcopenic obesity predicts instrumental activities of daily living disability in the elderly. Obes. Res., 2004, 12, 1995–2004 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/oby.2004.250[Crossref]
• [3] Spirduso W.W., Cronin D.L., Exercise doseresponse effects on quality of life and independent living in older adults, Med. Sci. Sports. Exerc., 2001, 33, S598–S610 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-200106001-00028[Crossref]
• [4] Lim K.C., Kayser-Jones J.S., Waters C., Yoo G., Aging, health, and physical activity in Korean Americans, Geriatr. Nurs., 2007, 28, 112–119 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gerinurse.2006.10.004[Crossref]
• [5] Bayliss E.A., Ellis J.L., Steiner J.F., Barriers to selfmanagement and quality-of-life outcomes in seniors with multimorbidities, Ann. Fam. Med., 2007, 5, 395–402 http://dx.doi.org/10.1370/afm.722[WoS][Crossref]
• [6] Austin N., Devine A., Dick I., Prince R., Bruce D., Fear of falling in older women: a longitudinal study of incidence, persistence, and predictors, J. Am. Geriatr. Soc., 2007, 55, 1598–1603 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01317.x[WoS][Crossref]
• [7] Rosqvist E., Heikkinen E., Lyyra T.M., Hirvensalo M., Kallinen M., Leinonen R., et al., Factors affecting the increased risk of physical inactivity among older people with depressive symptoms, Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports., 2009, 19, 398–405 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00798.x[WoS][Crossref]
• [8] Avlund K., Rantanen T., Schroll M., Factors underlying tiredness in older adults, Aging Clin. Exp. Res., 2007, 19, 16–25 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03325206[WoS][Crossref]
• [9] Sallinen J., Leinonen R., Hirvensalo M., Lyyra T.M., Heikkinen E., Rantanen T., Perceived constraints on physical exercise among obese and non-obese older people, Prev. Med., 2009, 49, 506–510 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2009.10.001[Crossref][WoS]
• [10] Lithuanian Ministry of Health Information. Health Statistics of Lithuania 2010. Lithuanian Ministry of Health Information Centre of Institute of Hygiene, Vilnius (Lithuania), 2011
• [11] Daugeliene E., Tamosiunas A., Reklaitiene R., Baceviciene M., Radisauskas R, Jureniene K., Health and lifestyle of the elderly people, Lithuanian General Practitioner 2009, 2, 88–94
• [12] Craig C.L., Marshall A.L., Sjöström M., Bauman A.E., Booth M.L., Ainsworth B.E., et al., International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity, Med. Sci. Sports. Exerc., 2003, 35, 1381–1395 http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.MSS.0000078924.61453.FB[WoS]
• [13] Hirvensalo M., Lampinen P., Rantanen T., Physical exercise in old age: an eight year follow-up study on involvement, motives, and obstacles among persons age 65–84, J. Aging Phys. Act., 1998, 6, 157–168
• [14] Hosmer D.W., Lemeshow S., Applied logistic regression, Willey, New York, 1989
• [15] Rasinaho M., Hirvensalo M., Leinonen R., Lintunen T., Rantanen T., Motives for and barriers to physical activity among older adults with mobility limitations, J. Aging Phys. Act. 2007, 15, 90–102
• [16] Leinonen R., Heikkinen E., Hirvensalo M., Lintunen T., Rasinaho M., Sakari-Rantala R., et al., Customer-oriented counseling for physical activity in older people: study protocol and selected baseline results of a randomized-controlled trial, Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports, 2007, 17, 156–164
• [17] Costello E., Kafchinski M., Vrazel J., Sullivan P., Motivators, barriers, and beliefs regarding physical activity in an older adult population, J. Geriatr. Phys. Ther., 2011, 34, 138–147 http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/JPT.0b013e31820e0e71[WoS][Crossref]
• [18] Thomas S., Halbert J., Mackintosh S., Quinn S., Crotty M., Sociodemographic factors associated with self-reported exercise and physical activity behaviors and attitudes of South Australians: results of a population-based survey, J. Aging Health., 2012, 24, 287–306 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264311422254[WoS][Crossref]
• [19] Bruce D.G., Devine A., Prince R.L., Recreational physical activity levels in healthy older women: the importance of fear of falling, J. Am. Geriatr. Soc., 2002, 50, 84–89 http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1532-5415.2002.50012.x[Crossref]
• [20] Cumming R.G., Salkeld G., Thomas M., Szonyi G., Prospective study of the impact of fear of falling on activities of daily living, SF-36 scores, and nursing home admission, J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., 2000, 55, M299–M305 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/55.5.M299[Crossref]
• [21] Horne M., Skelton D.A., Speed S., Todd C., Attitudes and beliefs to the uptake and maintenance of physical activity among community-dwelling South Asians aged 60-70 years: a qualitative study, Public Health, 2012, 126, 417–423 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2012.02.002[Crossref]
• [22] Atlantis E., Barnes E.H., Ball K., Weight status and perception barriers to healthy physical activity and diet behavior, Int. J. Obes. (Lond.), 2008, 32, 343–352 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0803707[Crossref]
• [23] Bautista L., Reininger B., Gay J.L., Barroso C.S., McCormick J.B., Perceived barriers to exercise in Hispanic adults by level of activity, J. Phys. Act. Health, 2011, 8, 916–925
• [24] Crombie I.K., Irvine L., Williams B., McGinnis A.R., Slane P.W., Alder E.M., et al., Why older people do not participate in leisure time physical activity: a survey of activity levels, beliefs and deterrents, Age Ageing, 2004, 33, 287–292 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afh089[Crossref]
• [25] Bjornsdottir G., Arnadottir S.A., Halldorsdottir S., Facilitators of and barriers to physical activity in retirement communities: experiences of older women in urban areas, Phys. Ther., 2012, 92, 551–562 http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20110149[WoS][Crossref]
• [26] Carlson J.A., Sallis J.F., Conway T.L., Saelens B.E., Frank L.D., Kerr J., et al., Interactions between psychosocial and built environment factors in explaining older adults’ physical activity, Prev Med. 2012, 54, 68–73 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.10.004[Crossref][WoS]
• [27] Shigematsu R., Sallis J.F., Conway T.L., Saelens B.E., Frank L.D., Cain K.L., et al., Age differences in the relation of perceived neighborhood environment to walking, Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., 2009, 41, 314–321 [WoS][Crossref]

Identifiers

DOI

10.2478/s11536-013-0184-3