Association between anthropometric indexes and cardiovascular risk factors

• Authors: Dalia Luksiene , Janina Petkeviciene , Kristina Jureniene , Jurate Klumbiene , Alina Smalinskiene , Abdonas Tamosiunas
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

The aim of this study was to assess the associations of the body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) with ischemic heart disease (IHD) and risk factors of IHD in the Lithuanian population aged 25 to 70 years. The cross-sectional health survey was carried out in Kaunas, which is the second largest city in Lithuania, and in five regions randomly selected from the northern, southern, eastern, western and central parts of Lithuania. Data from 2048 subjects (936 men and 1112 women) were analyzed. In both sexes, the odds ratios for reduced high density lipoprotein cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, high fasting blood glucose, and hypertension rose with an increasing quartile of BMI, WC, and WHtR. The likelihood of having IHD was statistically significantly higher in the fourth quartile of these anthropometric measures when compared to the first one. Comparison of the logistic regression models revealed that the models with WHtR best fit the prediction of IHD risk. Compared with BMI and WC, WHtR showed a stronger association with IHD and its risk factors in the Lithuanian adult population.

Keywords

EN

Body mass index; Waist circumference; Waist-to-height ratio; Ischemic heart disease; Risk factors

• Publisher: De Gruyter Open
• Journal: Open Medicine
• Year: 2011
• Volume: 6
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 411-417

Dates

published

1 - 8 - 2011

online

1 - 6 - 2011

Contributors

author

Dalia Luksiene

• Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50009, Kaunas, Lithuania

author

Janina Petkeviciene

• Public Health Faculty, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50009, Kaunas, Lithuania

author

Kristina Jureniene

• Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50009, Kaunas, Lithuania

author

Jurate Klumbiene

• Public Health Faculty, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50009, Kaunas, Lithuania

author

Alina Smalinskiene

• Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50009, Kaunas, Lithuania

author

Abdonas Tamosiunas

• Institute of Cardiology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-50009, Kaunas, Lithuania

References

• [1] Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic, WHO Technical Report Series No 894, Geneva, World Health Organization, 2000
• [2] James W.P., The epidemiology of obesity: the size of the problem, J. Intern. Med., 2008, 263, 336–352 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2796.2008.01922.x[Crossref][WoS]
• [3] The challenge of obesity in the WHO European Region and the strategies for response, In: Branca F., Nikogosian H., Lobstein T. (Eds.), World Health Organization, 2007
• [4] Grabauskas V., Klumbiene J., Petkeviciene J., Sakytė E., Kriaucioniene V., Veryga A., et al., Health behaviour among Lithuanian adult population 2008, Kaunas, 2009 (in Lithuanian)
• [5] Yusuf S., Hawken S., Ounpuu S., Dans T., Avezum A., Lanas F., et al., Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study, Lancet, 2004, 364, 937–952 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17018-9
• [6] Balkau B., Deanfield J.E., Despres J.P., Bassand J.P., Fox K.A., Smith S.C., et al., International Day for the Evaluation of Abdominal Obesity (IDEA): A study of waist circumference, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes mellitus in 168.000 primary care patients in 63 countries, Circulation, 2007, 116, 1942–1951 http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.676379[Crossref]
• [7] Lee C.M., Huxley R.R., Wildman R.P., Woodward M., Indices of abdominal obesity are better discriminators of cardiovascular risk factors than BMI: a metaanalysis, J. Clin. Epidemiol., 2008, 61, 646–653 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2007.08.012[WoS][Crossref]
• [8] European Health for All Database (HFA-DB) http://www.euro.who.int/en/what-we-do/dataand-evidence/databases/european-health-for-alldatabasehfa-db2
• [9] The world health report 2002 - Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life, 2002, http://www.who.int/whr/2002/en/
• [10] Schneider H.J., Glaesmer H., Klotsche J., Bohler S., Lehnert H., Zeiher A.M., et al., Accuracy of anthropometric indicators of obesity to predict cardiovascular risk, J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 2007, 92, 589–594 http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2006-0254[Crossref]
• [11] Park S.H., Choi S.J., Lee K.S., Park H.Y., Waist Circumference and Waist-to-Height Ratio as Predictors of Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Korean Adults, Circ. J., 2009, 73, 1643–1650 http://dx.doi.org/10.1253/circj.CJ-09-0161[WoS][Crossref]
• [12] Kaess B.M., Jozwiak J., Mastej M., Lukas W., Grzeszczak W., Windak A., et al., Association between anthropometric obesity measures and coronary artery disease: a cross-sectional survey of 16,657 subjects from 444 Polish cities, Heart, 2010, 96, 131–135 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/hrt.2009.171520[WoS][Crossref]
• [13] Han T.S., McNeill G., Seidell J.C., Lean M.E., Predicting intra-abdominal fatness from anthropometric measures: The influence of stature, Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord., 1997, 21, 587–593 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0800446[Crossref]
• [14] de Koning L., Merchant A.T., Pogue J., Anand S.S., Waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio as predictors of cardiovascular events: Metaregression analysis of prospective studies, Eur. Heart. J., 2007, 28, 850–856 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehm026[WoS][Crossref]
• [15] Ashwell M., Lejeune S., McPherson K., Ratio of waist circumference to height may be better indicator of need for weight management, BMJ, 1996, 312, 377
• [16] Molarius A., Seidel JC., Selection of anthropometric indicators for classification abdominal fatness: A critical review, Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord., 1998, 22, 719–727 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0800660[Crossref]
• [17] Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert panel on detection. evaluation and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report, Circulation, 2002, 106, 3143–3421
• [18] Rose G.A., Blackburn H., Gillum R.F., Prineas R.J., Cardiovascular survey methods, Cardiovascular Disease Unit, WHO, Geneva (Switzerland), 1982
• [19] Prineas R.J., Crow R.S., Blackburn H., The Minnesota Code manual of electrocardiographic findings, John Wright, London, 1982
• [20] Schulze M.B., Heidemann C., Schienkiewitz A., Bergmann M.M., Hoffmann K., Boeing H., Comparison of anthropometric characteristics in predicting the incidence of type 2 diabetes in the EPIC-Potsdam study, Diabetes Care, 2006, 29, 1921–1923 http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc06-0895[Crossref]
• [21] Schneider H.J., Klotsche J., Stalla G.K., Wittchen H.U., Obesity and risk of myocardial infarction: the INTERHEART study, Lancet, 2006, 367, 1052 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68462-6[Crossref]
• [22] Leenen F.H., McInnis N.H., Fodor G., Obesity and the prevalence and management of hypertension in Ontario, Canada, Am. J. Hypertens., 2010, 23, 1000–1006 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ajh.2010.93[Crossref]
• [23] Shi X.D., Jin Q., Hu Y., Chi X., Gao Y., Tao Y., et al., Dyslipidemia in northeastern China, Cent. Eur. J. Med., 2011, 6, 220–226 http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-010-0075-9[WoS][Crossref]
• [24] Ozenoglu A., Ugurlu S., Can G., Sarkis C., Demirel Y., Differences in the body composition and biochemistry in women grouped as normal-weight, overweight and obese according to body mass index and their relation with cardiometabolic risk, Cent. Eur. J. Med., 2010, 5, 724–732 http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11536-009-0137-z[Crossref][WoS]
• [25] Grundy S.M., Inflammation, hypertension, and the metabolic syndrome, JAMA, 2003, 290, 3000–3002 http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.290.22.3000[Crossref]
• [26] Health Statistics of Lithuania 2009, Lithuanian Ministry of Health Information Centre of Institute of Hygiene, Vilnius, 2010
• [27] Cikim A.S., Ozbey N., Orhan Y., Relationship between cardiovascular risk indicators and types of obesity in overweight and obese women, J. Int. Med. Res., 2004, 32, 268–273 [Crossref]
• [28] Choi S.J., Keam B., Park S.H., Park H.Y., Appropriate waist circumference cut-offs to predict diabetes in the Korean population - the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, Circ. J., 2010, 74, 1357–1363 http://dx.doi.org/10.1253/circj.CJ-09-0739[Crossref][WoS]
• [29] Deprés J.P., Cartier A., Côté M., et al., The concept of cardiometabolic risk: bridging the fields of diabetology and cardiology, Ann. Med., 2008, 40, 514–523 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07853890802004959[WoS][Crossref]
• [30] Cox B.D., Whichelow M.J., Ratio of waist circumference to height is better predictor of death than body mass index, BMJ, 1996, 313, 1487
• [31] Ashwell M., Hsieh S.D., Six reasons why the waist-to-height ratio is a rapid and effective global indicator for health risks of obesity and how its use could simplify the international public health message on obesity, Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr., 2005, 56, 303–307 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09637480500195066[Crossref]

Identifiers

DOI

10.2478/s11536-011-0045-x