Cation exchange capability and reactivity of low-rank coal and chars

• Authors: George Skodras , Paris Kokorotsikos , Maria Serafidou
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

In this work the C.E.C. and its effect on the reactivity of low rank coal and chars were investigated. The C.E.C. was measured by potentiometric titration and was correlated with the solution pH, the carbonization extent and the oxygen content. Coal and chars presented permanent C.E.C. primarily derived from inorganic sites and was independent of solution pH, and variable C.E.C. derived from organic matter and was increased continuously, and reversibly, as the solution pH increased. The latter is due to the complete dissociation of the carboxylic groups of the organic matter of the coal and, thus, the C.E.C. is directly related with the oxygen content. The C.E.C. of chars decreased with the carbonization extents and its variation was described by a modified cumulative distribution function of the Weibull probability density function. A linear correlation was identified between the C.E.C. and the elemental oxygen conversion, justifying further the direct relation between the C.E.C. and the oxygen functional groups. Following the decrease of the C.E.C., the potassium chemisorption capacity of the chars also decreased. Chars of decreased C.E.C. were less reactive during CO2 gasification and reduced maximum weight loss and CO formation rates were obtained, also shifted at higher temperatures. [...]

Keywords

EN

Low rank coal; Chars; Cation exchange capability; Gasification; Reactivity

• Publisher: De Gruyter Open
• Journal: Open Chemistry
• Year: 2014
• Volume: 12
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 33-43

Dates

published

1 - 1 - 2014

online

27 - 10 - 2013

Contributors

author

George Skodras

• Departament of Mechanical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, 501 00, Kozani, Greece

author

Paris Kokorotsikos

• International Hellenic University, 57001, THermi-Thessaloniki, Greece

author

Maria Serafidou

• Departament of Mechanical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, 501 00, Kozani, Greece

References

• [1] G.V. Cullen, G.M. Pearson, N.G. Siviour, Metallurgical Trans. B 9B, 409 (1978) http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02654415[Crossref]
• [2] M. Roy, J. Appl. Chem. 6, 341 (1956)
• [3] D.S. Seitz, F.L. Minnear, R.E. Bunbar, Ind. Eng. Chem. 52, 313 (1960) http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie50604a033[Crossref]
• [4] S.J. Broderick, D. Bogard, Ind. Eng. Chem. 33, 1291, (1941) http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie50382a020[Crossref]
• [5] J.V. Ibarra, M. Rebollar, J.M. Gavilan, Fuel 63, 1743 (1984) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(84)90111-X[Crossref]
• [6] L. Ansone, M. Klavin, L. Eglite, Cent. Eur. J. Chem 11(6), 988 (2013) http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-013-0229-0[Crossref]
• [7] A. Giannouli, S. Kalaitzidis, G. Siavalas, A. Chatziapostolou, K. Christanis, S. Papazisimou, C. Papanicolaou, A. Foscolos, Int. J. Coal Geol. 77, 383 (2009) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2008.07.008[Crossref]
• [8] M. Stefanova, D. Velinova, S.P. Marinov, R. Nikolova, Fuel 72, 681 (1993) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(93)90581-L[Crossref]
• [9] K. Chassapis, M. Roulia, Int. J. Coal Geol. 75, 185 (2008) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coal.2008.04.006[Crossref]
• [10] P. Janos, J. Sypecka, P. Mlckovska, P. Kuran, V. Pilarova, Separation and Purification Technology 53, 322 (2007) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2006.08.004[Crossref]
• [11] P. Janos, L. Zavodska, J. Lesny, S. Krizencka, V. Synek, S. Hejda, M. Kubu, In: J.J. Stewart (Ed.), Coal Extraction (Nova Science Publishers Inc., NY, 2011), 71
• [12] J.M. Oades, G.P. Gillman, G. Uehara, In: D. C. Coleman, J.M. Oades, G. Uehara (Eds.), Dynamics of soil organic matter in tropical eco-systems (University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 1989) 69
• [13] C. Lafferty, M. Hobday, Fuel 69, 78 (1990) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(90)90261-N[Crossref]
• [14] ISO 11260:2003, Soil Quality. “Determination of effective cation exchange capacity and base saturation level using barium chloride solution”
• [15] D.P. Ye, J.B. Agnew, D.K. Zhang, Fuel 77(11), 1209 (1998) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(98)00014-3[Crossref]
• [16] T. Takarada, Y. Tamai, F. Tomita, Fuel 64, 1438 (1985) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(85)90347-3[Crossref]
• [17] T. Adschiri, T. Shirada, T. Kojima, T. Furusawa, Fuel 65, 1688 (1986) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(86)90270-X[Crossref]
• [18] P.S. Kokorotsikos, G.G. Stavropoulos, G.P. Sakellaropoulos, Fuel 65(10), 1462 (1986) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(86)90124-9[Crossref]
• [19] A. Pande, FUEL 71, 1299 (1992) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(92)90057-U[Crossref]
• [20] L.R. Radovic, P.L. Walker Jr, R.G. Jenkins, Fuel 62, 849 (1983) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(83)90041-8[Crossref]
• [21] L.R. Radovic, K. Steczko, P.L. Walker, Jr., R.G. Jenkins, Fuel Proc. Technol. 10, 311 (1985) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0378-3820(85)90038-4[Crossref]
• [22] K.H. Van Heek, H. Muhlen, Fuel 64, 1405 (1985) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(85)90343-6[Crossref]
• [23] M. Kumar, R.C. Gupta, Fuel 73, 1922 (1994) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(94)90223-2[Crossref]
• [24] G. Skodras, G.P. Sakellaropoulos 77–78, 151 (2002)
• [25] G. Skodras, Cent. Eur. J. Chem 11(7), 1187 (2013) http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-013-0248-x[Crossref]
• [26] H. Sternberg, R. Raymond, F. Schweigherd, Science 49, 188 (1975)
• [27] T.J. Birch, J.D. Blackwood, Nature 201, 797 (1964) http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/201797a0[Crossref]
• [28] J.C. Nankervis, R.B. Furlong, Fuel 59, 425 (1980) http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(80)90196-9[Crossref]
• [29] K.H. Van Heek, Ger. Chem. Eng 7, 319 (1984)
• [30] B.J. Wood, K.M. Sancier, Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng. 26, 261 (1984) http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01614948408078065[Crossref]
• [31] W.Y. Wen, Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng. 22, 1 (1980) http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03602458008066528[Crossref]

Identifiers

DOI

10.2478/s11532-013-0346-9