Physical Determinants of Interval Sprint Times in Youth Soccer Players

• Authors: William E. Amonette , Denham Brown , Terry L. Dupler , Junhai Xu , James J. Tufano , John K. De Witt
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

Relationships between sprinting speed, body mass, and vertical jump kinetics were assessed in 243 male soccer athletes ranging from 10-19 years. Participants ran a maximal 36.6 meter sprint; times at 9.1 (10 y) and 36.6 m (40 y) were determined using an electronic timing system. Body mass was measured by means of an electronic scale and body composition using a 3-site skinfold measurement completed by a skilled technician. Countermovement vertical jumps were performed on a force platform - from this test peak force was measured and peak power and vertical jump height were calculated. It was determined that age (r=-0.59; p<0.01), body mass (r=-0.52; p<0.01), lean mass (r=-0.61; p<0.01), vertical jump height (r=-0.67; p<0.01), peak power (r=-0.64; p<0.01), and peak force (r=-0.56; p<0.01) were correlated with time at 9.1 meters. Time-to-complete a 36.6 meter sprint was correlated with age (r=-0.71; p<0.01), body mass (r=- 0.67; p<0.01), lean mass (r=-0.76; p<0.01), vertical jump height (r=-0.75; p<0.01), peak power (r=-0.78; p<0.01), and peak force (r=-0.69; p<0.01). These data indicate that soccer coaches desiring to improve speed in their athletes should devote substantive time to fitness programs that increase lean body mass and vertical force as well as power generating capabilities of their athletes. Additionally, vertical jump testing, with or without a force platform, may be a useful tool to screen soccer athletes for speed potential.

Keywords

EN

Speed; Acceleration; Talent Identification; Soccer Screening; Soccer

• Publisher: De Gruyter Open
• Journal: Journal of Human Kinetics
• Year: 2014
• Volume: 40
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 113-120

Dates

published

1 - 3 - 2014

online

9 - 4 - 2014

Contributors

author

William E. Amonette

• Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Clinical, Health, and Applied Sciences, University of Houston – Clear Lake, Houston, TX.

author

Denham Brown

• Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Clinical, Health, and Applied Sciences, University of Houston - Clear Lake, Houston, TX.

author

Terry L. Dupler

• Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Clinical, Health, and Applied Sciences, University of Houston - Clear Lake, Houston, TX.

author

Junhai Xu

• Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Clinical, Health, and Applied Sciences, University of Houston - Clear Lake, Houston, TX.

author

James J. Tufano

• Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Clinical, Health, and Applied Sciences, University of Houston - Clear Lake, Houston, TX.

author

John K. De Witt

• Houston Dynamo Academy, Houston, TX

References

• Alexander MJ. The relationship between muscle strength and sprint kinematics in elite sprinters. Can J Sport Sci, 1989; 14(3): 148-157[PubMed]
• Amonette WE, Brown LE, De Witt JK, Dupler TL, Tran TT, Tufano JJ, Spiering BA. Peak vertical jump power estimations in youths and young adults. J Strength Cond Res, 2012; 26(7): 1749-1755[WoS][Crossref]
• Baker DG, Newton RU. Comparison of lower body strength, power, acceleration, speed, agility, and sprint momentum to describe and compare playing rank among professional rugby league players. J Strength Cond Res, 2008; 22(1): 153-158[PubMed][Crossref][WoS]
• Bangsbo J, Iaia FM, Krustrup P. Metabolic response and fatigue in soccer. Int J Sports Physiol Perform, 2007; 2(2): 111-127[PubMed]
• Chapman AE, Caldwell GE. Kinetic limitations of maximal sprinting speed. J Biomech, 1983; 16(1): 79-83 [PubMed][Crossref]
• Jakobsen MD, Sundstrup E, Randers MB, Kjaer M, Andersen LL, Krustrup P, Aagaard P. The effect of strength training, recreational soccer and running exercise on stretch-shortening cycle muscle performance during countermovement jumping. Hum Mov Sci, 2012; 31(4): 970-986[WoS][PubMed][Crossref]
• Krzysztof M, Mero A. A kinematics analysis of three best 100 m performances ever. J Hum Kinet, 2013; 36: 149-160[WoS]
• Lago-Penas C, Casais L, Dellal A, Rey E, Dominguez E. Anthropometric and physiological characteristics of young soccer players according to their playing positions: relevance for competition success. J Strength Cond Res, 2011; 25(12): 3358-3367[Crossref][WoS]
• McIntyre MC. A comparison of the physiological profiles of elite Gaelic footballers, hurlers, and soccer players. Br J Sports Med, 2005; 39(7): 437-439[Crossref][PubMed]
• Mendez-Villanueva A, Buchheit M, Kuitunen S, Douglas A, Peltola E, Bourdon P. Age-related differences in acceleration, maximum running speed, and repeated-sprint performance in young soccer players. J Sports Sci, 2011; 29(5): 477-484[Crossref]
• Miller RH, Umberger BR, Caldwell GE. Sensitivity of maximum sprinting speed to characteristic parameters of the muscle force-velocity relationship. J Biomech, 2012; 45(8): 1406-1413[WoS][PubMed][Crossref]
• Mirkov DM, Kukolj M, Ugarkovic D, Koprivica VJ, Jaric S. Development of anthropometric and physical performance profiles of young elite male soccer players: a longitudinal study. J Strength Cond Res, 2010; 24(10): 2677-2682[PubMed][Crossref][WoS]
• Nimphius S, McGuigan MR, Newton RU. Relationship between strength, power, speed, and change of direction performance of female softball players. J Strength Cond Res, 2010; 24(4): 885-895[Crossref][PubMed][WoS]
• Reilly T. Energetics of high-intensity exercise (soccer) with particular reference to fatigue. J Sports Sci, 1997; 15(3): 257-263[Crossref]
• Riffenburgh RH. Statistics in Medicine 2nd ed. Elsevier, Waltham, MA; 2012
• Robbins DW. Relationships between National Football League combine performance measures. J Strength Cond Res, 2012; 26(1): 226-231[Crossref][PubMed][WoS]
• Sawyer DT, Ostarello JZ, Suess EA, Dempsey M. Relationship between football playing ability and selected performance measures. J Strength Cond Res, 2002; 16(4), 611-616[PubMed]
• Shalfawi SA, Sabbah A, Kailani G, Tonnessen E, Enoksen E. The relationship between running speed and measures of vertical jump in professional basketball players: a field-test approach. J Strength Cond Res, 2011; 25(11): 3088-3092[PubMed][Crossref][WoS]
• Shephard RJ. Biology and medicine of soccer: an update. J Sports Sci, 1999; 17(10): 757-786[Crossref]
• Thompson W. (Ed). ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 8th ed. Baltimore, MD: Lippinscott Williams & Wilkins, 55-92; 1992
• Thorlund JB, Aagaard P, Madsen K. Rapid muscle force capacity changes after soccer match play. Int J Sports Med, 2009; 30(4): 273-278[Crossref][PubMed]
• Unnithan V, White J, Georgiou A, Iga J, Drust B. Talent identification in youth soccer. J Sports Sci, 2012; 30(15): 1719-1726[Crossref]
• Vescovi JD, Rupf R, Brown TD, Marques MC. Physical performance characteristics of high-level female soccer players 12-21 years of age. Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2011; 21(5): 670-678[Crossref]
• Weyand PG, Sternlight DB, Bellizzi MJ, Wright S. Faster top running speeds are achieved with greater ground forces not more rapid leg movements. J Appl Physiol, 2011; 89(5): 1991-1999
• Young W, McLean B, Ardagna J. Relationship between strength qualities and sprinting performance. J Sports Med Phys Fitness, 1995; 35(1): 13-19

Identifiers

DOI

10.2478/hukin-2014-0013