THE INFLUENCE OF ORGANIC MATTER ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF WINTER WHEAT Triticum aestivum ssp. vulgare (L.) CULTIVATED ON SOILS CONTAMINATED WITH HEAVY METALS

• Authors: Danuta Leszczyńska , Jolanta Kwiatkowska-Malina
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of organic matter from different sources on the yield of winter wheat and macroelements content in it. The experiment was carried out in stoneware pots sank into the ground filled up with 56.4 kg of soil: Haplic Luvisols formed from loamy sand. The soil was slightly acidic. The soil was mixed up with liquid form of salts: Cd(NO3)2, Pb(CH3COO)2 and ZnSO4. To the soil a brown coal preparation, so called “Rekulter”, brown coal, peat and farmyard manure were applied in the amount of 180, 140, 390 and 630 g per pot, which is equivalent to 5 Mg of organic carbon per ha. Winter wheat Triticum aestivum ssp. vulgare (L.) for grain was cultivated. The manurial value of organic substance originated from different sources expressed as the plants' crop was the highest for Rekulter and the lowest for peat. The addition of organic substance to soil contaminated with heavy metals causes the higher content of potassium, magnesium and nitrogen in winter wheat's grain. The content of calcium and sodium in winter wheat grain's did not depend from addition of organic matter to soil. Organic matter added into contaminated soil increased the uptake of main macroelements by winter wheat straw. Organic matter fertilization broadened the K: (Ca + Mg) ratio in grain and straw.

PL

Celem pracy była ocena wpływu materii organicznej z różnych źródeł na wielkość plonu i zawartość makroelementów w pszenicy ozimej. Badania prowadzono w wazonach kamionkowych umieszczonych w gruncie, które wypełniono glebą płową właściwą (wg WRB, Haplic Luvisols), wytworzoną z piasku gliniastego lekkiego na glinie lekkiej. Gleba charakteryzowała się lekko kwaśnym odczynem. Do gleby wprowadzono metale ciężkie w formie soli: ZnSO4, Pb(NO3)2 i Cd(NO3). Jednocześnie do gleby dodano jednorazowo: nawóz organiczno-mineralny z węgla brunatnego "Rekulter", węgiel brunatny, torf lub obornik w dawkach odpowiednio 180, 140, 390 lub 630 g na wazon, co odpowiadało 5 tonom C-org na ha. W doświadczeniu uprawiano pszenicę ozimą Triticum aestivum ssp. vulgare (L) odmiany Alba. W próbach roślinnych oznaczono ogólną zawartość wapnia, magnezu, sodu, potasu, fosforu i azotu. Wartość nawozowa substancji organicznej z różnych źródeł wyrażona plonem roślin była najwyższa dla „Rekultera”, a najniższa dla torfu. Dodatek substancji organicznej do gleby powoduje wzrost zawartości K, Mg, P i N w ziarnie i słomie pszenicy. Zawartość sodu i wapnia w ziarnie pszenicy nie zależała od zanieczyszczenia gleby metalami ciężkimi i dodatku materii organicznej. Zawartość azotu w ziarnie i słomie pszenicy na glebie zanieczyszczonej była większa w porównaniu do roślin z gleby bez metali ciężkich. Dodatek materii organicznej do gleby spowodował rozszerzenie stosunku K : (Ca + Mg) w ziarnie i słomie pszenicy

Keywords

EN

soil contaminated with heavy metals; winter wheat; yield; macroelements

PL

gleba zanieczyszczona metalami ciężkimi; pszenica ozima; plon; makroelementy

• Publisher: De Gruyter Open
• Journal: Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S
• Year: 2013
• Volume: 20
• Issue: 4
• Pages: 701-708

Dates

published

1 - 12 - 2013

online

22 - 01 - 2014

Contributors

author

Danuta Leszczyńska

• Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, ul. Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland, phone [phone] int. 345

author

Jolanta Kwiatkowska-Malina

• Department of Spatial Planning and Environmental Science, Warsaw University of Technology, pl. Politechniki 1, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland, phone [phone]

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Identifiers

DOI

10.2478/eces-2013-0048