Daily step counts and selected biological and psychological variables in 16-18-year-old girls

• Authors: Adam Kantanista , Pawel Lisowski , Agata Glapa
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the number of steps a day and biological (body fat, lean body mass, BMI and estimated VO2 max) and psychological (self-efficacy, enjoyment of PA and self-perception of body image) factors in 16-18-year-old girls. Material/Methods: The study included data from 60 girls, aged 16-18. Voluntary participants were selected from a public high school in Poland. Number of steps was measured with a pedometer Yamax Digi-Walker, model SW 701, during 7 days. Girls were classified into three groups: low active, slightly active and active (5,000-7,499; 7,500-9,999; ≥ 10,000 steps/day, respectively). The levels of psychological factors were determined by means of a questionnaire survey. Estimated VO2 max was assessed by a 1-mile walk test. The percentage of body fat and lean body mass was evaluated using Bodystat 1,500, bio-impedance method. Results: Analysis of variance showed no statistically significant differences in the biological and psychological variables among low active, slightly active and active girls. Conclusions: Girls in the study performed approximately from 5,000 to 12,500 steps a day. To explain better relationships between daily step counts and psychological and biological variables future research should additionally involve girls with less than 5,000 steps a day and more than 12,500 steps a day.

Keywords

EN

physical activity; step counts; adolescence; girls; psychological and biological variables

• Publisher: Versita
• Journal: Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity
• Year: 2014
• Volume: 6
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 17-23

Dates

published

1 - 3 - 2014

online

23 - 4 - 2014

Contributors

author

Adam Kantanista

• University School of Physical Education in Poznan, Poland Department of the Methodology of Physical Education

author

Pawel Lisowski

• University School of Physical Education in Poznan, Poland Department of the Methodology of Physical Education

author

Agata Glapa

• University School of Physical Education in Poznan, Poland Department of the Methodology of Physical Education

References

• 1. Vouri I. Physical inactivity is a cause and physical activity is a remedy for major public health problems. Kinesiology. 2004;36(2):123-153.
• 2. Kang M, Marshall SJ, Barreira TV, Lee JO. Effect of pedometer-based physical activity interventions: a meta-analysis. Res Q Exerc Sport 2009;80(3):648-655.
• 3. Ball GD, McCargar LJ. Childhood obesity in Canada: A review of prevalence estimates and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. Can J Appl Physiol. 2003;28(1):117-140.[Crossref]
• 4. Duncan EK, Scott DJ, Schofield G. Pedometer-determined physical activity and active transport in girls. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2008;5:2. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-5-2.[PubMed][WoS][Crossref]
• 5. Jakobik K, et al., editors. Zdrowie dzieci i mlodziezy w Polsce [Health of children and youth in Poland in 2009]. Krakow: Glowny Urzad Statystyczny, Urzad Statystyczny w Krakowie; 2011. Polish.
• 6. Mazur J, Malkowska-Szkutnik A, editors. Wyniki badań HBSC 2010. Raport techniczny [Results of HBSC 2010. Technical Report], Warszawa: IMID; 2011. Polish.
• 7. Ogden CL, Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Johnson CL. Prevalence and trends in overweight among US children and adolescents. JAMA. 2002;288(14):1728-1732.[Crossref][PubMed]
• 8. Hill JO, Melanson EL. Overview of the determinants of overweight and obesity: current evidence and research issues. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1999;31(11 Suppl):S515-S521.[Crossref]
• 9. Ross R, Janssen I. Physical activity, total and regional obesity: dose-response considerations. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001;33(6 Suppl):S521-S529.[Crossref]
• 10. Van Der Horst K, Paw MJ, Twisk JW, Van Mechelen W. A brief review on correlates of physical activity and sedentariness in youth. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007;39(8):1241-50.
• 11. DuVall C, Dinger MK, Taylor EL, Bemben D. Minimal-contact physical activity interventions in women: a pilot study. Am J Health Behav. 2004;28(3):280-286.[Crossref][PubMed]
• 12. Tudor-Locke C, Bassett DR Jr. How many steps/day are enough? Preliminary pedometer indices for public health. Sports Med. 2004;34(1):1-8.[Crossref]
• 13. Tudor-Locke C, Hatano Y, Pangrazi RP, Kang M. Revisiting “How many steps are enough?” Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008;40(7Suppl):S537-S543.[Crossref][WoS]
• 14. World Health Organization. Global recommendation on physical activity for health. Switzerland, Geneva: WHO Press; 2010.
• 15. EU Physical Activity Guidelines. Recommended policy actions in support of health-enhancing physical activity. Fourth consolidated draft, approved by the EU Working Group “Sport & Health”, Brussels; 2008. [Available at: http://ec.europa.eu/sport/library/doc/c1/pa_guidelines_4th_consolidated_draft_en.pdf] [Accessed June 20, 2011].
• 16. Le Masurier GC, Beighle A, Corbin CB, et al. Pedometer-determined physical activity levels of youth. J Phys Act Health. 2005;2:159-168.
• 17. Duncan JS, Schofield G, Duncan EK. Pedometer-determined physical activity and body composition in New Zealand children. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006;38(8):1402-1409.[WoS][Crossref][PubMed]
• 18. Novakova Lokvencova P, Fromel K, Chmelík F, Groffik D, Bebcakova V. School and weekend physical activity of 15-16 year-old Czech, Slovak and Polish adolescents. Acta Univ Palacki Olomuc, Gymn. 2011;41(3):39-45.
• 19. Groffik D, Fromel K, Pelclova J. Pedometers as a method for modification of physical activity in students. J Hum Kinet. 2008; 20:131-137.
• 20. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Physical Activity and Health: A Report of the Surgeon General. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion; 1996.
• 21. Campbell A, Hausenblas HA. Effects of exercise interventions on body image: A meta-analysis. J Health Psychol. 2009; 14(6): 780-793.[PubMed][Crossref]
• 22. Kline GM, Porcari JP, Hintermeister R, et al. Estimation of VO2max from a one-mile track walk, gender, age, and body weight. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1987;19(3):253-259.
• 23. McSwegin PJ, Plowman SA, Wolff GM, Guttenberg GL. The validity of a one-mile walk test for high school age individuals. Meas Phys Educ Exerc Sci. 1998;2(1):47-63.[Crossref]
• 24. Motl RW, Dishman RK, Trost SG, et al. Factorial validity and invariance of questionnaires measuring social-cognitive determinants of physical activity among adolescent girls. Prev Med. 2000;31(5):584-94.[Crossref][PubMed]
• 25. Motl RW, Dishman RK, Saunders R, Dowda M, Felton G, Pate RR. Measuring enjoyment of physical activity in adolescent girls. Am J Prev Med. 2001;21(2):110-117.[PubMed][Crossref]
• 26. Orbach I, Mikulincer M. The body investment scale: Construction and validation of a body experiences scale. Psychol Assessment. 1998;10(4):415-425.[Crossref]
• 27. Samir N, Mahmud S, Khuwaja AK. Prevalence of physical inactivity and barriers to physical activity among obese attendants at a community health-care center in Karachi, Pakistan. BMC Res Notes. 2011;4:174.[Crossref]
• 28. Cuddihy T, Tomson LM, Jonston K, Johnston AO. Exploring the relationship between daily steps, body mass index and physical self-esteem in female Australian adolescents. JESF. 2006; 4(1):25-35.
• 29. Taverno Ross SE, Dowda M, Beets MW, Pate RR. Physical activity behavior and related characteristics of highly active eighth-grade girls. J Adolesc Health. 2013. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.12.003. [Epub ahead of print].[PubMed][Crossref]
• 30. Lubans D, Philip M, Callister R, Collis CE. The relationship between pedometer step counts and estimated VO2 max as determined by a submaximal fitness test in adolescents. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2008; 20(3):273-284.
• 31. Kololo H, Guszkowska M, Mazur J, Dzielska A. Self-efficacy, self-esteem and body image as psychological determinants of 15-year-old adolescents’ physical activity levels. Hum Mov.2012;13(3):264-270.
• 32. Finne E, Bucksch J, Lampert T, Kolip P. Age, puberty, body dissatisfaction, and physical activity decline in adolescents. Results of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey (KiGGS). Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011;8:119. doi:10.1186/1479-5868-8-119.[Crossref][WoS][PubMed]
• 33. Frost J, McKelvie SJ. The relationship of self-esteem and body satisfaction to exercise activity for male and female elementary school, high school, and university students. Athl Insight. 2005;7(4):36-49.
• 34. Neumark-Sztainer D, Goeden C, Story M, Wall M. Associations between body satisfaction and physical activity in adolescents: implications for programs aimed at preventing a broad spectrum of weight-related disorders. Eat Disord. 2004;12(2):125-137.[Crossref]
• 35. Tudor-Locke C, Craig CL, Beets MW, et al. How many steps/day are enough? for children and adolescents. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011;8:78. [WoS][Crossref]

Identifiers

DOI

10.2478/bjha-2014-0002