Full-text resources of PSJD and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


Preferences help
enabled [disable] Abstract
Number of results
2013 | 5 | 2 | 121-131

Article title

Examining body image and its relationship to exercise motivation: An 18-week cardiovascular program for female initiates with overweight and obesity

Content

Title variants

Languages of publication

EN

Abstracts

EN
Background: A healthy body image is related to better psychological well-being and can also impact one’s likelihood to engage in health promoting behaviours such as exercise. To date, there has been a paucity of research investigating the relationship between body image and Self-Determination Theory’s motivational regulations as a function of exercise participation. The purpose of this study was to examine these constructs over the course of an 18-week cardiovascular-based program for female initiates aged 18-45 with overweight and obesity.Material/Methods: Participants (n = 37; mean weight = 83.8 kg; mean waist circumference = 38.3 inches) were provided with a personalized exercise program and asked to complete the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire and the Behavioural Regulations in Exercise Questionnaire-2 at four different time-points (i.e., baseline and every six weeks).Results: Significant improvements to body image constructs were observed over time indicating that feelings of satisfaction with aspects of appearance, as well as physical attractiveness were enhanced (e.g., Appearance Evaluation, p<0.001, η2 = 0.59). Participants also felt increasingly invested in being physically fit up to week 12 of the program (e.g., Fitness Orientation, p<0.01, η2= 0.19). Significant relationships were observed between appearance-related body image and the more self-determined forms of exercise motivation (e.g., Body Areas Satisfaction and Intrinsic Regulation, r= 0.50, p= 0.001).Conclusions: Implications of focusing on these variables within physical activity interventions are discussed and underscore the important role that body satisfaction plays with respect to exercise motivation in this particular population.

Publisher

Year

Volume

5

Issue

2

Pages

121-131

Physical description

Dates

published
1 - 06 - 2013
online
28 - 06 - 2013

Contributors

  • Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, School of Kinesiology, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, CANADA P7B 5E1, Phone: 807-343-8481
author
  • Faculty of Health Sciencies, School of Kinesiology, Western University, Canada

References

  • 1. Melzer K, Kayser B, Pichard C. Physical activity: the health benefits outweigh the risks. Curr Opin Clin- Nutr. 2004;7:641-647.[Crossref]
  • 2. Penedo FJ, Dahn JR. Exercise and well-being: a review of mental and physical health benefits associated with physical activity. Curr Opin Psychiatr. 2005;18:189-193.[Crossref]
  • 3. Benefits of physical activity. Public Health Agency of Canada; 2010. Available at [http://www.phacaspc.gc.ca/hp-ps/hl-mvs/pa-ap/index-eng.php]. [Accessed April 23, 2009].
  • 4. Physical activity levels among Canadian adults. Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute; 2008. available at [http://www.cflri.ca/eng/levels/adult_levels.php]. [Accessed April 2, 2009].
  • 5. Dishman RK, Buckworth J. Increasing physical activity: A quantitative synthesis. Med Sci Sport Exer. 1996;28:706-719.[Crossref]
  • 6. King GA, Fitzhugh EC, Bassett DR, et al. Relationship of leisure-time physical activity and occupational activity to the prevalence of obesity. Int J Obes. 2001;25:606-612.[Crossref]
  • 7. Statistics Canada. Health Reports (Catalogue no. 82-003-XPE, 17(3)). Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: Health Statistics Division; 2006.
  • 8. Lau DCW, Douketis, JD, MorrisonKM, Hrmiak IM, Sharma AM. 2006 Canadian clinical practice guidelines on the management and prevention of obesity in adults and children [summary]. Can Med Assoc J. 2007;176:1-13.[Crossref]
  • 9. Obesity and overweight. World Health Organization. Available at [http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs311/en/index.html]. [Accessed April 23, 2009].
  • 10. Schwartz MB, Brownell KD. Obesity and body image. Body Image. 2004;1:43-56.[PubMed][Crossref]
  • 11. Annis NM, Cash TF, Hrabosky JI. Body image and psychosocial differences among stable average weight, currently overweight, and formerly overweight women: The role of stigmatizing experiences. Body Image. 2004;1:155-167.[Crossref][PubMed]
  • 12. van der Merwe MT. Psychological correlates of obesity in women. Int J Obes. 2007;31:14-18. doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0803731[Crossref]
  • 13. Foster GD, Wadden TA, Vogt RA. Body image in obese women before, during and after weight loss treatment. Health Psychol. 1997;16:226-229.[PubMed][Crossref]
  • 14. Matz PE, Foster GD, Faith MS, Wadden TA. Correlates of body image dissatisfaction among overweight women seeking weight loss. J Consult Clin Psych. 2002;70:1040-1044.[Crossref]
  • 15. Cash TF,Pruzinsky T, editors.Body images: Development, deviance, and change. New York NY: Guildford Press; 1990.
  • 16. Cash TF, Morrow JA, Hrabosky JI, PerryAA. How has body image changed? A cross-sectional investigation of college women and men from 1893-2001. J ConsultClin Psych 2004;72:1081-1089.
  • 17. Grediagin M, Cody M, Rupp J, Benardot D, Shern R. Exercise intensity does not effect body composition change in untrained, moderately overfat women.J Am Diet Assoc. 1995;95:661-665.[PubMed][Crossref]
  • 18. Bish CL, Blanck HM, Serdula MK, Marcus M, Kohl HW, Khan LK. Diet and physical activity behaviours among Americans trying to lose weight: 2000 behavioral risk factor surveillance system. Obes Res. 2005;13:596-607.[PubMed][Crossref]
  • 19. Thompson JK, Heinberg LJ, Altabe M, Tantleff-Dunn S. Exacting beauty: Theory, assessment and treatment of body image disturbance. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association; 1999.
  • 20. Tiggemann M. Media influences on body image development. In: Cash TF, Pruzinsky T, editors. Body image: A handbook of theory, research, and clinical practice. New York NY: The Guilford Press; 2002, 91-98.
  • 21. Rosen JC. Body image assessment and treatment in controlled studies of eating disorders. Int J Eat Disorder. 1996;20:331-343.[Crossref]
  • 22. Anderson LA, Eyler AA, Galuska DA, Brown DR, Brownson RC. Relationship of satisfaction with body size and trying to lose weight in a national survey of overweight and obese women aged 40 and older United States. Prev Med. 2002;35:390-396.[Crossref]
  • 23. Hausenblas HA, Fallon EA. Exercise and body image: A meta-analysis. Psychol Health. 2006;21:33-47.[Crossref]
  • 24. Campbell A, Hausenblas H. Effects of exercise interventions on body image: A meta-analysis. J Health Psychol. 2009;14:780-793.[Crossref][PubMed]
  • 25. WilliamsPA, Cash TF. Effects of a circuit weight training program on the body images of college students. Int J Eat Disorder. 2001;30:75-82.[Crossref]
  • 26. Miller CT, Downey KT. A meta-analysis of heavyweight and self-esteem. Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 1998;31:68-84.
  • 27. McDonald K, Thompson KJ. Eating disturbances, body image dissatisfaction, and reasons for exercising: Gender differences and correlational findings. Int J Eat Disorder. 1992;11:289-292.[Crossref]
  • 28. Martin KA, Lichtenberger CM. Fitness enhancement and body image change. In: Cash TF, Pruzinsky T, editors. Body image: A handbook of theory, research, and clinical practice. New York NY: Guilford Press; 2002, 414-421.
  • 29. Martin Ginis KA, Bassett RL.Exercise and changes in body image. In: Cash TF, Smolak L, editors. Body image: A handbook of science, practice, and prevention. New York NY: Guilford Press; 2011, 378-386.
  • 30. Friedman KE, Reichmann SK, Costanzo PR, Musante GJ. Body image partially mediates the relationship between obesity and psychological distress. Obes Res. 2002;10:33-41.[Crossref][PubMed]
  • 31. Ingledew DK, Markland D. The roles of motives in exercise participation. Psychol Health. 2008;23:807-828.[Crossref]
  • 32. Hagger M,Chatzisarantis N. Self-determination theory and the psychology of exercise. Int Rev Sport Exerc Psychol. 2008;1:79-103.[Crossref]
  • 33. Ryan RM, Deci EL. Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsicmotivation, social development, and well-being. Am Psychol. 2000;55:68-78.[PubMed][Crossref]
  • 34. Ryan RM, Deci EL. To be happy or to be self-fulfilled: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. In: Fiske S, editor. Annual review of psychology. Palo Alto CA: Annual Reviews; 2001,141-166.
  • 35. Deci EL, Ryan RM. The “what” and “why” of goal pursuits: Human needs andthe self-determination of behavior. PsycholInq. 2000;11:227-268.
  • 36. Deci EL, Ryan RM. Handbook of self-determination research. Rochester, NY: University of Rochester; 2002.
  • 37. Ryan RM, Patrick H, Deci EL, Williams GC. Facilitating health behavior change and its maintenance: Interventions based on self-determination theory. Euro Health Psychol. 2008;10; 2-5.
  • 38. Ryan RM, Frederick CM, Lepes D, Rubio N, Sheldon KM. Intrinsic motivation and exercise adherence. Int J Sport Psychol. 1997;28:335-354.
  • 39. Teixeira PJ, Going SB, Houtkooper LB, et al. Exercise motivation, eating, and body image variables as predictors of weight control. Med Sci Sport Exer. 2006;179-188.
  • 40. Ingledew D, Markland D, Medley AR. Exercise motives and stages of change. J Health Psychol. 1998;3:477-489.[Crossref][PubMed]
  • 41. Rodgers WM, Gauvin L. Contributions and comparisons of personal strivings and outcome expectancies in the understanding of participation motives and exercise adherence (University of Alberta, Department of Physical Education and Sport Studies Rep. No. 922R010); 1994.
  • 42. Arbour KP, Martin Ginis KA. Improving body image one step at a time: Greater pedometer step counts produce greater body image improvements. Body Image. 2008;5:331-336.[Crossref]
  • 43. Tiggemann M, Williamson S. The effect of exercise on body satisfaction and self-esteem as a function of gender and age. Sex Roles. 2000;43:119-127.[Crossref]
  • 44. Mullen E, Markland D. Variations in self-determination across the stages of change for exercise in adults. Motiv Emotion. 1997;21:349-362.[Crossref]
  • 45. Wilson PM, Rodgers WM. The relationship between exercise motives and physical self-esteem in female exercise participants: An application of Self-Determination Theory. J Appl Biobehav Res. 2002;7:30-43.
  • 46. Wilson PM, Rodgers WM. The relationship between perceivedautonomy support, exercise regulations and behavioural intentions in women. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2004;5:229-242.[Crossref]
  • 47. Brown TA, Cash TF, Mikulka PJ. Attitudinal body-image assessment: Factor analysis of the Body-Self Relations Questionnaire. J Pers Assess. 1990;55:135-144.[PubMed]
  • 48. Cash TF. Manual for the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (3rd rev.). Document available for purchase at the author’s Website at [http://body-images.com]; 2000.
  • 49. Markland D, Tobin V. A modification to the behavioural regulation in exercise questionnaire to include an assessment of amotivation. J Sport Exerc Psy. 2004;26:191-196.
  • 50. Markland D. The mediating role of behavioural regulations in the relationship between perceived body size discrepancies and physical activity among adult women. Hellenic J Psy. 2009;6:169-182.
  • 51. Edmunds J, Ntoumanis N, Duda JL.Adherence and well-being in overweight and obese patients referred to an exercise on prescription scheme: A self-determination theory perspective. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2007;8:722-740.[Crossref]
  • 52. American College of Sports Medicine. Guidelines for exercise testing and prescription.6th ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000.
  • 53. Lox CL, Martin KA, Petruzzello SJ. The psychology of exercise:integrating theory and practice. Scottsdale AZ: Holcomb Hathaway; 2003.
  • 54. Annesi JJ, Unruh JL. Relations of exercise, self-appraisal, mood changes and weight loss in obese women: Testing propositions based on Baker and Brownell’s (2000) model. Am J Med Sci. 2008;335:198-204.
  • 55. Whitworth L, Kimsey-House K, Kimsey-House H, Sandahl P. Co-Active coaching: New skills for coaching people toward success in work and life. 2nd ed. California: Davies-Black Publishing; 2007.
  • 56. Newnham-Kanas C, Morrow D, Irwin J. A functional juxtaposition of three methods for health behavior change: motivational interviewing, coaching, and skilled helping. Int J Evid Based Coach Mentor. 2010;8:27-48.
  • 57. Pearson E. The ‘how to’ of health behaviour change brought to life: a theoretical analysis of the Co- Active coaching model and its underpinnings in self-determination theory. Coaching: Int J Theory Res Prac 2011;4:89-103.
  • 58. Rodgers WM, Hall CR, Duncan LR, Pearson E, Milne M. Becoming a regular exerciser: Examining changes in behavioural regulations among exercise initiates. Psychol Sport Exerc. 2010;11:378-386.[Crossref]
  • 59. Silva MN, Vieira PN, Coutinho SR, et al. Using self-determination theory to promote physical activity and weight control: a randomized controlled trial in women. J Behav Med. 2010;33:110-122.[Crossref][PubMed]

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.-psjd-doi-10_2478_bjha-2013-0012
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.