Selected Determinants of Acceleration in the 100m Sprint

• Authors: Krzysztof Maćkała , Marek Fostiak , Kacper Kowalski
• Languages of publication: EN

Abstracts

EN

The goal of this study was to examine the relationship between kinematics, motor abilities, anthropometric characteristics, and the initial (10 m) and secondary (30 m) acceleration phases of the 100 m sprint among athletes of different sprinting performances. Eleven competitive male sprinters (10.96 s ± 0.36 for 100 with 10.50 s fastest time) and 11 active students (12.20 s ± 0.39 for 100 m with 11.80 s fastest time) volunteered to participate in this study. Sprinting performance (10 m, 30 m, and 100 m from the block start), strength (back squat, back extension), and jumping ability (standing long jump, standing five-jumps, and standing ten-jumps) were tested. An independent t-test for establishing differences between two groups of athletes was used. The Spearman ranking correlation coefficient was computed to verify the association between variables. Additionally, the Ward method of hierarchical cluster analysis was applied. The recorded times of the 10 and 30 m indicated that the strongest correlations were found between a 1- repetition maximum back squat, a standing long jump, standing five jumps, standing ten jumps (r = 0.66, r = 0.72, r = 0.66, and r = 0.72), and speed in the 10 m sprint in competitive athletes. A strong correlation was also found between a 1-repetition maximum back squat and a standing long jump, standing five jumps, and standing ten jumps (r = 0.88, r = 0.87 and r = 0.85), but again only for sprinters. The most important factor for differences in maximum speed development during both the initial and secondary acceleration phase among the two sub-groups was the stride frequency (p<0.01).

Keywords

EN

horizontal jumps; stride characteristics; acceleration phase; muscle strength

• Publisher: De Gruyter Open
• Journal: Journal of Human Kinetics
• Year: 2015
• Volume: 45
• Issue: 1
• Pages: 135-148

Dates

published

1 - 3 - 2015

online

7 - 4 - 2015

Contributors

author

Krzysztof Maćkała

• University School of Physical Education in Wroclaw, Department of Track and Field

author

Marek Fostiak

• Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport, Department of Track and Field

author

Kacper Kowalski

• Inter-provincial Sports Medical Clinic in Wroclaw

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Identifiers

DOI

10.1515/hukin-2015-0014