Full-text resources of PSJD and other databases are now available in the new Library of Science.
Visit https://bibliotekanauki.pl

PL EN


Preferences help
enabled [disable] Abstract
Number of results
2014 | 19 | 1-2 | 97-107

Article title

Methodology of Moisture Measurement in Porous Materials Using Time Domain Reflectometry / Metodyka Prowadzenia Badań Wilgotności W Ośrodkach Porowatych Za Pomocą Reflektometrii W Domenie Czasu

Content

Title variants

Languages of publication

EN

Abstracts

EN
The article presents the description of measurement methodology of moisture transport in unsaturated porous materials using Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) technique on the example of measurement of capillary uptake phenomenon in the sample of autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC). In the paper there are presented basic principles of the TDR method as a technique applied in metrology, its potential for measurement of moisture in porous materials like soils and porous building materials. Second part of the article presents the experiment of capillary rise process in the sample of AAC. Within the experiment moisture content was monitored in the sample exposed on water influence. Monitoring was conducted using TDR FP/mts probes. Preparation of the measuring setup was presented in detail. The TDR readouts post-processing, graphical presentations of the obtained results, short discussion and comparison of TDR readouts to gravimetric measurement were also presented.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono opis metodyki pomiaru transportu wilgoci w nienasyconych porowatych materiałach przy wykorzystaniu techniki Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) na przykładzie pomiarów zjawiska podciągania kapilarnego przez próbkę autoklawizowanego betonu komórkowego. Zaprezentowano podstawowe informacje na temat metody TDR jako techniki stosowanej w metrologii. Omówiono jej potencjał do pomiarów wilgoci w takich ośrodkach porowatych, jak gleby i porowate materiały budowlane. Druga część artykułu przedstawia eksperyment podciągania kapilarnego przez próbkę autoklawizowanego betonu komórkowego. W trakcie trwania eksperymentu monitorowano zmiany wilgotności w próbce wystawionej na oddziaływaniewody. Monitoring realizowano za pomocą sond TDR FP/mts. Rozdział „Materials and Methods” przedstawia szczegółowo przygotowanie stanowiska pomiarowego. W rozdziale „Results” podano odczyty miernika TDR przeliczone na wilgotność oraz zaprezentowano uzyskane wyniki w postaci graficznej. Zawarto w nim również krótką dyskusję wyników i porównanie odczytów TDR z pomiarami grawimetrycznymi.

Publisher

Year

Volume

19

Issue

1-2

Pages

97-107

Physical description

Dates

published
1 - 12 - 2014
online
6 - 2 - 2015

Contributors

  • Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, ul. Nadbystrzycka 40B, 20-618 Lublin, Poland, phone +48 81 538 43 22
  • Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, ul. Nadbystrzycka 40B, 20-618 Lublin, Poland, phone +48 81 538 43 22
  • Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, ul. Nadbystrzycka 40B, 20-618 Lublin, Poland, phone +48 81 538 43 22
  • Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Lublin University of Technology, ul. Nadbystrzycka 40, 20-618 Lublin, Poland
  • Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Lublin University of Technology, ul. Nadbystrzycka 40,

References

  • [1] Nasraoui M, Nowik W, Lubelli B. A comparative study of hygroscopic moisture content, electrical conductivity and ion chromatography for salt assessment in plasters of historical buildings. Constr Build Mater. 2009;23(5):1731-1735. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2008.09.029.[Crossref][WoS]
  • [2] Sobczuk H, Plagge R. Time Domain Reflectometry Method in Environmental Measurements. Lublin: Monografie Komitetu Inżynierii Środowiska Polskiej Akademii Nauk, vol. 39; 2007.
  • [3] Malicki MA, Campbell EC, Hanks RJ. Investigations on power factor of the soil electrical impedance as related to moisture, salinity and bulk density. Irrigat Sci. 1989;10(1):55-62. DOI: 10.1007/BF00266157.[Crossref]
  • [4] Topp GC, Davis JL, Annan AP. Electromagnetic determination of soil water content: Measurements in coaxial transmission lines. Water Resour Res. 1980;16(3):574-582. DOI: 10.1029/WR016i003p00574.[Crossref]
  • [5] Andrews JR. Time Domain Reflectometry. Proceedings of the Symposium on Time Domain Reflectometry in Environmental, Infrastructure and Mining Applications. Evaston, Illinois: Sept 7-9, 1994:4-13.
  • [6] Topp GC, Davis JL, Annan P. Electromagnetic determination of soil water content using TDR: I. Applications to wetting fronts and steep gradients. Soil Sci Soc Amer J. 1982;46(4):672-678. DOI: 10.2136/sssaj1982.03615995004600040002x.[Crossref]
  • [7] Malicki MA, Skierucha WM. A manually controlled TDR soil moisture meter operating with 300 ps rise-time needle pulse. Irrig Sci. 1989;10(2):153-163. DOI: 10.1007/BF00265691.[Crossref]
  • [8] Zegelin SJ, White I, Jenkins DJ. Improved field probe for soil water content and electrical conductivity measurement using time domain reflectometry. Water Resour Res. 1989;25(11):2367-2376. DOI: 10.1029/WR025i011p02367.[Crossref]
  • [9] Nissen HH, Moldrup P. Theoretical background for the TDR methodology. P Report No. 11. Lyngby: Danish Institute of Plant and Soil Science; 1995:9-23.
  • [10] Blonquist JM, Jones SB, Robinson DA. A time domain transmission sensor with TDR performance characteristics. J Hydrol. 2005;314(1-4):235-245. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.04.005.[Crossref]
  • [11] Noborio K. Mesurement of soil water content and electrical conductivity by time domain reflectometry: a review. Comput Electron Agricult. 2001;31(3):213-237. DOI: 10.1016/S0168-1699(00)00184-8.[Crossref]
  • [12] Selker JS, Graff L, Steenhuis T. Noninvasive time domain reflectometry moisture measurement probe. Soil Sci Soc Amer J. 1993;57(4):934-936. DOI: 10.2136/sssaj1993.03615995005700040009x.[Crossref]
  • [13] Perrson M, Berndtsson R. Noninvasive water content and electrical conductivity laboratory measurements using time domain reflectometry. Soil Sci Soc Amer J. 1998;62(6):1471-1476. DOI: 10.2136/sssaj1998.03615995006200060001x.[Crossref]
  • [14] Malicki MA, Plagge R, Roth CH. Improving the calibration of dielectric TDR soil moisture determination taking into account the solid soil. Europ J Soil Sci. 1996;47(3):357-366. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1996.tb01409.x.[Crossref]
  • [15] Sobczuk H, Suchorab Z. Calibration of TDR instruments for moisture measurement of serated concrete.
  • In: Skierucha W, Walczak T, editors. Monitoring and Modelling the Properties of Soil as Porous Medium.
  • Lublin: Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences; 2005:156-165.
  • [16] Lee J, Horton R, Noborio K, Jaynes DB. Characterization of preferential flow in undisturbed, structured soil columns using a vertical TDR probe. J Contamin Hydrol. 2001;51(3-4):131-144. DOI: 10.1016/S0169-7722(01)00131-0.[Crossref]
  • [17] Lins Y, Schanz T, Fredlund DG. Modified pressure plate apparatus and column testing device for measuring SWCC of sand. Geotechl Test J. 2009;32(5):450-464. DOI: 10.1520/GTJ101318.[Crossref]
  • [18] Skierucha W, Wilczek A, Szypłowska A, Sławiński C, Lamorski K. A TDR-based soil moisture monitoring system with simultaneous measurement of soil temperature and electrical conductivity. Sensors (Basel). 2012;12(10):13545-13566. DOI: 10.3390/s121013545.[WoS][Crossref]
  • [19] Davis JL, Annan AP. Ground-penetrating radar for high-resolution mapping of soil and rock stratigraphy.
  • Geophys Prospect. 1989;37(5):551-551. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2478.1989.tb02221.x.[Crossref]
  • [20] Skierucha W, Malicki MA. TDR method for the measurement of water content and salinity of porous media.
  • Lublin: Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences; 2004.
  • [21] Jones SB, Wraith JM, Or D. Time domain reflectometry measurement principles and applications. Hydrol Proc. 2002;16(1):141-153. DOI: 10.1002/hyp.513.[Crossref]
  • [22] De Loor GP. Dielectric properties of heterogeneous mixtures containing water. J. Microwave Pow. 1968;3(2):67-73.
  • [23] Tinga WR, Voss WAG, Blossey DF. Generalized approach to multiphase dielectric mixture theory. J Appl Phys. 1973;44:3897-3902.[Crossref]
  • [24] Whalley WR. Consideration on the use of Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) for measuring soil water content. J Soil Sci. 1993;44(1):1-9. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2389.1993.tb00429.x.[Crossref]
  • [25] Noborio K, Horton R, Tan CS. Time Domain Reflectometry probe for simultaneous measurement of soil matric potential and water content. Soil Sci Soci Amer J. 1999;63(6):1500-1505. DOI: 10.2136/sssaj1999.6361500x.[Crossref]
  • [26] O’Connor KM, Dowding CH. Geomeasurements by Pulsing TDR Cables and Probes. CRC Press; 1999.
  • [27] Černý R. Time-domain reflectometry method and its application for measuring moisture content in porous materials: A review. Measurement. 2009;42(3):329-336. DOI:10.1016/j.measurement.2008.08.011.[Crossref]
  • [28] Hejmovaara TJ, de Water E. A Computer Controlled TDR System for Measuring Water Content and Bulk Electrical Conductivity of Soils, Rep. 41. Amsterdam: Laboratory of Physical Geography and Soil Science, University of Amsterdam; 1993.
  • [29] Plagge R, Roth CH, Renger M. Dielectric soil water content determination using time-domain reflectometry (TDR), (Ed. A. Kraszewski), Proc. of Second Workshop on Electromagnetic Wave Interaction with Water and Moist Substances. San Francisco: IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society; 1996:59-62.
  • [30] Skierucha W, Wilczek A, Alokhina O. Calibration of a TDR probe for low soil water content measurements.
  • Sensors Actuat A. 2008;147(2):544-552. DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2008.06.015.[Crossref]
  • [31] Schapp MG, de Lange L, Heimovara TJ. TDR calibration of organic forest floor media. Soil Technol. 1997;11(2):205-217. DOI: 10.1016/S0933-3630(96)00128-6.[Crossref]
  • [32] Amato M, Ritchie JT. Small spatial scale soil water content measurement with time-domain reflectometry.
  • Soil Sci Soc Amer J. 1995;59(2):325-329. DOI: 10.2136/sssaj1995.03615995005900020008x.[Crossref]
  • [33] Topp GC, Davis JL, Bailey WG, Zebchuk WD. The measurement of soil water content using a portable TDR hand probe. Can J Soil Sci. 1984;64(3):313-321. DOI: 10.4141/cjss84-033.[Crossref]
  • [34] Udawatta RP, Anderson SH, Motavalli PP, Garrett HE. Calibration of a water content reflectometer and soil water dynamics for an agroforestry practice. Agroforest Syst. 2011;82(1):61-75. DOI: 10.1007/s10457-010-9362-3.[WoS][Crossref]
  • [35] Quinones H, Ruelle P. Operative calibration methodology of a TDR sensor for soil moisture monitoring under irrigated crops. Subsur Sens Technol App. 2001;2(1):31-45. DOI: 10.1023/A:1010114109498.[Crossref]
  • [36] Ren T, Noborio K, Horton R. Measuring soil water content, electrical conductivity, and thermal properties with a thermo-time domain reflectometry probe. Soil Sci Soc Amer J. 1999;63(3):450-457. DOI: 10.2136/sssaj1999.03615995006300030005x. [Crossref]

Document Type

Publication order reference

Identifiers

YADDA identifier

bwmeta1.element.-psjd-doi-10_1515_cdem-2014-0009
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.