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1
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Evaluation of selected agricultural wastes as viable sources of vitamin supplements in poultry feeds

100%
Enenebeaku C. K., Enenebeaku U. E., Ezejiofor T. I. N.
World News of Natural Sciences
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2018
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vol. 20
103-120
EN
The vitamin content of selected agricultural wastes was evaluated as supplements in poultry feeds. The agricultural wastes considered in this study include; cassava bagasse, beans coat, pineapple peel, avocado pear seed, watermelon peel, fluted pumpkin stalk, potato peel, Mix. A - mixture of all wastes (ratio, 1:1:1), Mix. B - mixture of bean jackets, avocado pear seed and potato peel (ratio, 1:1:1). The vitamins considered were Vitamin A, Vitamin D, Vitamin B12, Vitamin E, Vitamin K, Pantothenic acid, Niacin, Biotin and Pyridoxine. Cassava bagasse gave the highest amount of vitamin A (0.36±0.06 mg/l), whereas this vitamin was totally absent in fluted pumpkin stalk. This waste also gave the highest amount of vitamin E (0.99±0.21 mg/l). The highest amount of vitamin D (10.35±0.21 mg/l) was obtained from watermelon peel, while the highest amount of vitamin B12 (0.08±0.04 mg/l) was gleaned from a mixture of all the wastes (Mix. A). The wastes were quite low in vitamin K - herein, Mix. B (bean jackets, avocado pear seed, and potato peel) gave the highest amount (2.36±0.16 mg/l). Finally, pineapple peel gave the highest amount of pantothenic acid (8.55±0.35 mg/l), niacin (5.95±0.53 mg/l), biotin (0.08±0.03 mg/l), as well as pyridoxine (2.45±0.55 mg/l). These results were compared with the standards required for feed formulation for different categories of poultry birds. Our findings revealed that these agro-wastes contain vitamin levels that did not differ significantly from the standards required for feed formulation for different categories of poultry birds. Hence, they can serve as good supplements for vitamins in poultry feeds. Harnessing the vitamin contents of these wastes as supplements in poultry feed will increase animal production and ensure food security in terms of protein supply.
2
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The role of balanced supplementation in diet of age-related macular degeneration patients

100%
Kusz vel Sobczuk I., Święch A.
OphthaTherapy
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2021
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vol. 8
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issue 1
19-25
EN
Aim: The aim of the article was to discuss the role of balanced supplementation in diet of age-related macular degeneration patients. Methods: This review was carried out using comprehensive and systematic literature reports on the role of supplementation of vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, zinc, lutein, zeaxanthin, omega-3 acid and folic acid in the prevention of AMD. Results: Vitamins, minerals and carotenoids are essential for the proper retinal function over an inflammation and immune response modulation. Conclusions: Vitamins, minerals and carotenoids discussed in the article have anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties in the management of AMD progression. Accordingly, it is relevant to assure the appropriate level of these nutrients in a diet of AMD patients.
PL
Cel: Celem pracy było omówienie roli zbilansowanej suplementacji w diecie chorych ze zwyrodnieniem plamki związanym z wiekiem (AMD, age-related macular degeneration). Metody: Dokonano przeglądu piśmiennictwa z ostatnich lat dotyczącego roli witamin: D, C, E, B6, B12, cynku, luteiny, zeaksantyny, kwasu omega-3 oraz kwasu foliowego w prewencji AMD. Wyniki: Witaminy, składniki mineralne i karotenoidy są niezbędne do prawidłowego funkcjonowania siatkówki, ponieważ modulują odpowiedź zapalną i immunologiczną. Wnioski: Omówione w pracy witaminy, minerały oraz karotenoidy mają właściwości przeciwzapalne oraz przeciwutleniające, dzięki czemu zmniejszają ryzyko progresji AMD. W związku z powyższym należy zapewnić właściwe stężenie tych substancji w diecie pacjentów z AMD.
3
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A focus on homocysteine in autism

75%
Kałużna-Czaplińska J., Żurawicz E., Michalska M., Rynkowski J.
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2013
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vol. 60
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issue 2
137-142
EN
Homocysteine is an amino acid, which plays several important roles in human physiology. A wide range of disorders, including neuropsychiatric disorders and autism, are associated with increased homocysteine levels in biological fluids. Various B vitamins: B6 (pyridoxine), B12 (cobalamin), and B9 (folic acid) are required as co-factors by the enzymes involved in homocysteine metabolism. Therefore, monitoring of homocysteine levels in body fluids of autistic children can provide information on genetic and physiological diseases, improper lifestyle (including dietary habits), as well as a variety of pathological conditions. This review presents information on homocysteine metabolism, determination of homocysteine in biological fluids, and shows abnormalities in the levels of homocysteine in the body fluids of autistic children.
4
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Dietary supplement use among patients with chronic kidney disease

75%
Jakimowicz-Tylicka M., Chmielewski M., Kuźmiuk-Glembin I., Skonieczny P., Dijakiewicz G., Zdrojewska G., Rutkowski B., Tylicki L., Dębska Ślizień A.
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2018
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vol. 65
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issue 2
319-324
EN
Background. Dietary supplements (DS) are available over the counter, but patients with impaired renal function are specifically at risk for toxicity when consuming certain DS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of DS use in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Material and methods. A cross-sectional, controlled DS use survey (22 questions) was conducted among 180 CKD patients (stage 1-5, dialysis, kidney transplant), with 60 patients without CKD serving as controls. Results. DS use did not differ significantly between subjects with and without CKD, unless the CKD patients were on dialysis. In the CKD group, 20% admitted to use DS regularly and 22% did not take the mat all. In the controls, DS consumption was 17% and 13%, respectively (NS). The DS use was higher among women ascompared to men (89% vs. 70%; p < 0.005), and people living in cities versus those living in the country side (81% vs. 63%; p < 0.05). DS most commonly used were: vitamins, minerals, and herbs. Major indications for DS use included: musculoskeletal issues, general health improvement and prevention of urinary tract infections. Subgroup analyses revealed that dialysis patients were characterized by a significantly higher DS use in comparison to CKD stage 1-5 subjects and renal transplant recipients. The decision to introduce DS was made by the physician in 54% of cases; by a pharmacist in 9% of cases, and by the patients themselves in 37%. Only 21% of patients with CKD, and 27% of subjects without CKD, declared knowledge of any possible side-effects associated with DS (NS). Conclusions. The use of DS among patients with CKD is similar to patients without CKD, with the exception of those on dialysis. Vitamins and minerals were the most commonly reported DS consumed. The knowledge on potential side-effectof DS was limited to approximately one-fourth of those surveyed.
5
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Witaminy „pamięci”

63%
Gruber B. M.
Aktualności Neurologiczne
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2009
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vol. 9
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issue 1
52-62
EN
The vitamins are the exogenous, organic compounds with different structures, which play the important biological functions in our organisms, especially as the catalysts. To modulate the biochemical reactions the vitamins should be delivered in the appropriate quantities which are determined by health status and many exogenous factors as dietary habits, drugs etc. In the last years it can be noted the intensity in the studies on the role of the vitamins in neurological diseases. No other organ is such dependent on nutritional substances as the central nervous system. The mentioned diseases include these with unknown aetiology or these for which any effective therapy has not yet been found. The results of the taken studies described in this work surprisingly change approach to the vitamins. Some role of the vitamins was reported in the neurological diseases, such as atherosclerosis, dementia, including Alzheimer disease, epilepsy. It is worth of noting the role of the vitamins in aetiology and supportive therapy of neuropathies, Parkinson disease, post-transplantation headaches. In this article the results of the studies on the role of the vitamins in some serious neurological diseases with similar aetiology and symptoms, such as stroke atherosclerosis-related, dementia were presented.
PL
Witaminy są niezbędnymi do życia, egzogennymi związkami organicznymi o zróżnicowanej budowie i speł - niają ważne biologiczne funkcje, przede wszystkim jako katalizatory przemian biochemicznych. Jako modulatory reakcji zachodzących w organizmie muszą być dostarczane w odpowiednich ilościach, zależnych od aktualnego stanu fizjologicznego danego osobnika i szeregu czynników zewnętrznych (zwyczaje żywieniowe, przyjmowane leki). W ostatnich latach wyraźnie nasiliły się badania nad rolą witamin w schorzeniach neurologicznych. Nie ma drugiego narządu w organizmie tak ściśle uzależnionego od dostarczania substancji odżywczych, jak centralny układ nerwowy. Wśród wspomnianych schorzeń znajdują się jednostki o wciąż niewyjaśnionej etiologii lub co do których nie sposób, nawet przy obecnym stanie wiedzy, zastosować skutecznej terapii. Do schorzeń neurologicznych, w których zauważono udział witamin, zaliczane są jedne z najpoważ - niejszych, jakie dręczą współczesne społeczeństwa, tj. miażdżyca, otępienia, w tym choroba Alzheimera, padaczka i inne. Warto także podkreślić ich znaczenie w etiologii i terapii wspomagającej w neuropatiach, chorobie Parkinsona, potransplantacyjnych bólach głowy. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono pokrótce wyniki ostatnich badań nad rolą poszczególnych witamin w schorzeniach powiązanych ze sobą po części etiologicznie i objawowo, tj. w udarze niedokrwiennym mózgu i otępieniach.
6
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Dieta i styl życia jako czynniki wpływające na płodność

63%
Bojanowska M., Kostecka M.
Kosmos
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2018
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vol. 67
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issue 2
425-439
PL
Zaburzenia płodności mają związek nie tylko z wiekiem (starzenie się jajników i jąder oraz pogarszanie się jakości gamet), ale również wynikają z negatywnego wpływu czynników środowiskowych, zawodowych i stylu życia. Do elementów stylu życia zalicza się sposób żywienia, aktywność fizyczną oraz palenie papierosów i spożywanie alkoholu. W pracy omówiono rolę poszczególnych składników odżywczych, takich jak: białka, węglowodany, tłuszcze, witaminy i składniki mineralne w kontekście procesów reprodukcyjnych. Nieprawidłowy sposób żywienia, nadmiar lub niedobór masy ciała to czynniki, które w znacznym stopniu mogą wpływać na płodność zarówno kobiet, jak i mężczyzn.
EN
The fertility disorders are associated not only with the age (aging of the ovaries and testes and the deterioration of the quality of gametes), but also with the negative impact of environmental and occupational factors, as well as lifestyle. The elements of lifestyle include diet, physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption. The paper discusses the role of individual nutrients such as proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals in the context of reproductive processes. Improper diet, excess or shortage of body weight are the factors that significantly affect the fertility of both women and men.
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