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1
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On chromium direct ETAAS determination in serum and urine

100%
Todorovska N., Karadjova I., Arpadjan S., Stafilov T.
Open Chemistry
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2007
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vol. 5
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issue 1
230-238
EN
A simple, accurate and reliable method for direct electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric (ETAAS) determination of chromium in serum and urine samples without any preliminary sample pretreatment is described. Instrumental parameters are optimized in order to define: the most suitable atomizer, optimal temperature program and efficient modifier. An appropriate quantification method is proposed taking into account a matrix interference study. Pyrocoated graphite tubes and wall atomization, pretreatment temperature of 700 °C, atomization temperature of 2600 °C, hydrogen peroxide as modifier and standard addition calibration are recommended. The accuracy of the method proposed for Cr determination in serum and urine was confirmed by comparative analysis of parallel samples after wet or dry ashing as well as by the analysis of two certified reference materials: Serum, Clin Rep 1 and Lypochek Urine, level 1. The detection and determination limits achieved for both matrices are 0.08 µg/L and 0.15 µg/L respectively. The relative standard deviation varied between 15 and 18 % for the chromium content in the samples in the range 0.08–0.2 µg/L and between 4 and 7 % for the chromium content in the range 0.2–2.0 µg/L for both matrices. [...]
2
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Homocysteine level in urine of autistic and healthy children

100%
Kałużna-Czaplińska J., Michalska M., Rynkowski J.
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2011
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vol. 58
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issue 1
31-34
EN
Homocysteine is an amino acid which plays several important roles in human physiology and is an important biomarker for possible deficiencies of various vitamins (vitamin B6 and B12, folic acid). In this work GC-MS method was used to determine the levels of homocysteine in the urine of autistic and healthy children. The levels of homocysteine in urine samples from 34 autistic and 21 healthy children were 2.36 ± 1.24 and 0.76 ± 0.31 (mmol∙mol-1 creatinine), respectively. The higher level of homocysteine in autistic children may indicate deficiencies of folic acid and vitamins B6 and B12 in nutrition of these children. The results of this work were taken into consideration in the nutrition of autistic children treated in the Navicula Centre of Diagnosis and Therapy of Autism in Łódź (Poland).
3
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Validation of the method for determination of plutonium isotopes in urine samples and its application in a nuclear facility at Otwock

100%
Rzemek K., Czerwiński A., Dymecka M., Ośko J., Pliszczyński T., Haratym Z.
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issue 1
181-186
EN
The studies aimed at determining low activities of alpha radioactive elements are widely recognized as essential for the human health, because of their high radiotoxicity in case of internal contamination. Some groups of workers of nuclear facility at Otwock are potentially exposed to contamination with plutonium isotopes. For this reason, the method for determination of plutonium isotopes has been introduced and validated in Radiation Protection Measurements Laboratory (LPD) of the National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCBJ). In this method the plutonium is isolated from a sample by coprecipitation with phosphates and separated on a AG 1-X2 Resin. After electrodeposition, the sample is measured by alpha spectrometry. Validation was performed in order to assess parameters such as: selectivity, accuracy (trueness and precision) and linearity of the method. The results of plutonium determination in urine samples of persons potentially exposed to internal contamination are presented in this work.
4
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Assessment of occupational internal exposure to beta emitters from the nuclear reactor primary coolant circuit

88%
Pliszczyński T., Ciszewska K., Dymecka M., Ośko J., Haratym Z.
Polish Journal of Medical Physics And Engineering
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2012
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vol. 18
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issue 2
41-47
EN
Fission products of 235U or isotopes from activation may appear in technological waters at normal operation of a research reactor. Therefore, reactor cooling water may contain a number of beta radioactive isotopes including yttrium and strontium isotopes, which can pose potential hazard to reactor personnel. In order to asses internal exposure urinalysis is carried out. This work presents the method of sample preparation and measurement used by Radiation Protection Measurements Laboratory (RPLM) of the National Centre for Nuclear Research (NCNR). Method of various isotopes of yttrium and Sr-90 activity calculation is also shown. Determination of these isotopes activities in urine sample allows estimating the effective doses
5
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Investigation of a wide spectrum of inherited metabolic disorders by 13C NMR spectroscopy

88%
Bal D., Kraska-Dziadecka A., Gradowska W., Gryff-Keller A.
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2008
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vol. 55
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issue 1
107-118
EN
High-resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy of body fluids has proved to be very useful in diagnostics of inherited metabolic diseases, whereas 13C NMR remains almost unexploited. In this paper the application of 13C NMR spectroscopy of fivefold concentrated urine samples for diagnosis of selected metabolic diseases is reported. Various marker metabolites were identified in test urine samples from 33 patients suffering from 10 different diseases, providing information which could be crucial for their diagnoses. Spectra were accumulated for 2 h or overnight when using spectrometers operating at 9.4 or 4.7 T magnetic fields, respectively. Interpretation of the measurement results was based on a comparison of the peak positions in the measured spectrum with reference data. The paper contains a table with 13C NMR chemical shifts of 73 standard compounds. The method can be applied individually or as an auxiliary technique to 1H NMR or any other analytical method.
6
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Improvement of the quality of effective dose estimation by interlaboratory comparisons

88%
Katarzyna C., Malgorzata D., Tomasz P., Jakub O.
Polish Journal of Medical Physics And Engineering
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2010
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vol. 16
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issue 1
35-42
EN
Radiation Protection Measurements Laboratory (RPLM) of the Institute of Atomic Energy POLATOM determines radionuclides in human urine to estimate the effective dose. Being an accredited laboratory, RPLM participated in interlaboratory comparisons in order to assure the quality of services concerning monitoring of internal contamination. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of interlaboratory comparisons on the accuracy of the provided measurements. The results regarding tritium (3H) and strontium (90Sr) determination, obtained within the radiotoxicological intercomparison exercises, organized by PROCORAD, in 2005-2010, were analyzed and the methods used by the laboratory were verified and improved.
7
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Top-down peptidomics of bodily fluids

63%
Martelli C., Iavarone F., Vincenzoni F., Cabras T., Manconi B., Desiderio C., Messana I., Castagnola M.
Peptidomics
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2014
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vol. 1
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issue 1
EN
The naturally occurring peptides, mainly arising from the proteolytic cleavage of larger proteins, play several functions within the body (e. g. antihypertensive, immuno-modulatory, anti-microbial and antiviral, mineral carriers). Their presence or the increase of their concentration could be connected to different pathologies and thereby some peptides could be useful biomarkers for the diagnosis or prognosis of the disease. Peptidome research, particularly within biological fluids, therefore represents one of the most interesting and challenging purposes of proteomics. In this review we describe the current state-of-the-art in peptidomics-based studies of several human bodily fluids (serum, plasma, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, tears, seminal fluid, vitreous humor, pancreatic juice), emphasizing the contribution of top-down proteomic platforms to the deep structural characterization of natural peptides and their posttranslational modifications.
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