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The contribution of uncoupling protein and ATP synthase to state 3 respiration in Acanthamoeba castellanii mitochondria.

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Jarmuszkiewicz W., Czarna M., Sluse-Goffart C., Sluse F. E.
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vol. 51
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issue 2
533-538
EN
Mitochondria of the amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii possess a free fatty acid-activated uncoupling protein (AcUCP) that mediates proton re-uptake driven by the mitochondrial proton electrochemical gradient. We show that AcUCP activity diverts energy from ATP synthesis during state 3 mitochondrial respiration in a fatty acid-dependent way. The efficiency of AcUCP in mitochondrial uncoupling increases when the state 3 respiratory rate decreases as the AcUCP contribution is constant at a given linoleic acid concentration while the ATP synthase contribution decreases with respiratory rate. Respiration sustained by this energy-dissipating process remains constant at a given linoleic acid concentration until more than 60% inhibition of state 3 respiration by n-butyl malonate is achieved. The present study supports the validity of the ADP/O method to determine the actual contributions of AcUCP (activated with various linoleic acid concentrations) and ATP synthase in state 3 respiration of A. castellanii mitochondria fully depleted of free fatty acid-activated and describes how the two contributions vary when the rate of succinate dehydrogenase is decreased by succinate uptake limitation.
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Uncoupling proteins in mitochondria of plants and some microorganisms.

100%
Jarmuszkiewicz W.
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2001
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vol. 48
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issue 1
145-155
EN
Uncoupling proteins, members of the mitochondrial carrier family, are present in mitochondrial inner membrane and mediate free fatty acid-activated, purine-nucleotide-inhibited H+ re-uptake. Since 1995, it has been shown that the uncoupling protein is present in many higher plants and some microorganisms like non-photosynthetic amoeboid protozoon, Acanthamoeba castellanii and non-fermentative yeast Candida parapsilosis. In mitochondria of these organisms, uncoupling protein activity is revealed not only by stimulation of state 4 respiration by free fatty acids accompanied by decrease in membrane potential (these effects being partially released by ATP and GTP) but mainly by lowering ADP/O ratio during state 3 respiration. Plant and microorganism uncoupling proteins are able to divert very efficiently energy from oxidative phosphorylation, competing for ΔμH+ with ATP synthase. Functional connection and physiological role of uncoupling protein and alternative oxidase, two main energy-dissipating systems in plant-type mitochondria, are discussed.
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