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Plunging ranula in children

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Skotnicka B., Trzpis K., Gościk E., Reszeć J., Hassmann-Poznańska E.
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2015
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vol. 4(3)
29-33
EN
Objective: Plunging ranula represents mucous extravasation from the sublingual salivary gland extending to the submandibular space. Although the majority of patients present in the second or third decade of life, it rarely occurs in children. Methods: Three cases of plunging ranula in children, including one in a neonate, are described. The review of the relevant literature is also presented with a special notice to the differential diagnosis and treatment options. Results: Ranulas presented as a slow-growing, soft mass located in the submandibular area. Two patients had also oral presentation. The diagnosis was established basing on clinical signs and computed tomography findings. All cases were treated surgically using various methods. In all cases the histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of pseudocyst. Conclusion: Plunging ranula may be misdiagnosed especially in young children and in cases presenting only the symptoms of submandibular swelling
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Navigating the treatment landscape in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms

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Rogowski W., Wachuła E., Sulżyc-Bielicka V.
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2019
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vol. 9
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issue 1
31-39
EN
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms are a large and very diverse group of neoplasms. They are becoming a burning clinical problem because of increasing frequency and diagnosis in the advanced state. The treatment landscape has been changed over the last years. Treatment choice depends on many factors such as the tumor’s type, location, aggressiveness, and hormone-producing capabilities. The main goals of treatment are long-term symptomatic control, antitumor effect, and improvement of the quality of life. The results of the PROMID and CLARINET trials have augmented fundamental position of somatostatin analogs. Our understanding of the biology, genetics of the neoplasms has improved considerably in the last several decades and the spectrum of available therapeutic options is rapidly expanded. The current evidence-based treatment options include everolimus, sunitinib, peptide receptor radionuclide therapy, and chemotherapy. Treatment practice changed as a result of high-quality phase 3 clinical trials which shaped current guidelines; multiple retrospective studies which raised new questions and attempted to fill some of the data gaps. Here we review the treatment options for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms, discussing important diagnosis and biomarker-related factors, safety of therapy with special insight into cardiac safety, as well we looked at promising investigative therapies.
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