Nanotechnology has gained so much interest in today’s world. It is known to be the science of nanoscales which is less than 100 nanometre in size. This technology has been employed for different applications due to its eco-friendly and sustainable ability in the various fields of applications. Recently, nanotechnology is used in bio sensing, drug delivery, nano devices, separation and purification purposes. These nanoparticles which are used in the building blocks of many materials, and the synthesis methods vary for all due to their physical and chemical properties. This study attempts to review the field of nanotechnology, synthesis of nanoparticles, the properties of nanoparticles, the advantages and disadvantages of different methods and their applications.
This work investigates the influence of the precursor trimethylsilil isocyanate on the sol-gel synthesis of hybrid materials. The obtained Si−O−C−N network is additionally modified by titanium and zirconium alcoxypropoxides in the range of 10 to 30 wt. %. The structure of the obtained hybrid materials before and after pyrolysis up to 1100°C was investigated by methods of XRD, FTIR and 29Si MAS NMR. We established that the hybrid structure was stable up to 600°C based on IR study. The structural transformation of the hybrid materials into oxycarbonitrogen system started at 800°C. The network of the hybrids modified by titanium remained stable and amorphous up to the final temperature of the pyrolysis (1100°C) compared to the gels modified by more than 10 wt.% Zr. It was confirmed by XRD analysis that the last mentioned are nanocomposite materials, built from carbooxynitrogen vitreous matrix and ZrO2-nanocrystals (tetragonal). The NMR method verified the presence of heterometallic bonds (Si−O−Ti and Si−O−Zr) and Q4, ZrQ3 or TiQ3, NSiO3 and D structural units in the gels.
Investigation was carried out on the optimal conditions of the synthesis of NaVO3 and Cl2 from NaCl and V2O5 in the presence of the atmospheric oxygen. The influence of the excess of NaCl relative to V2O5 was investigated. Also the effect of the quartz sand introduced into the reaction mixture on the yield of the NaVO3 synthesis was determined. The obtained product of synthesis was isolated from the post-reaction mixture.
Kaempferide (3,5,7-trihydroxy-4'-methoxyflavone, 1), a naturally occurring flavonoid with potent anticancer activity in a number of human tumour cell lines, was first semisynthesized from naringin. Based on Mannich reaction of kaempferide with various secondary amines and formaldehyde, nine novel kaempferide Mannich base derivatives 2-10 were synthesized. The aminomethylation occurred preferentially in the position at C-6 and C-8 of the A-ring of kaempferide. All the synthetic compounds were tested for antiproliferative activity against three human cancer cell lines (Hela, HCC1954, SK-OV-3) by the standard MTT method. The results showed that compounds 1, 2 and 5-10 were more potent against Hela cells with IC50 values of 12.47-28.24 μM than the positive control cis-platin (IC50 41.25 μM), compounds 5, 6, 8 and 10 were more potent against HCC1954 cells with IC50 values of 8.82-14.97 μM than the positive control cis-platin (IC50 29.68 μM), and compounds 2, 3, 5, 6 and 10 were more potent against SK-OV-3 cells with IC50 values of 7.67-18.50 μM than the positive control cis-platin (IC50 21.27 μM).
Two sets of iron oxide samples were synthesized applying different iron(III) precursors (FeCl₃ and Fe₂(SO₄)₃) and calcination temperature (200, 300, and 500°C). The samples were characterized by powder X-ray analysis and the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Depending on the synthesis conditions, samples of iron oxides with different phase composition were obtained: polyphase (α -Fe₂O₃, γ -Fe₂O₃, Fe₃O₄, and α -FeO(OH)) and monophase (γ -Fe₂O₃ or α -Fe₂O₃) ones. For the samples of homogeneous composition, it has been found that the activity of γ -Fe₂O₃ in the reaction of ozone decomposition at ozone concentration in gaseous phase of 1 mg/m³ is much higher than the activity of α -Fe₂O₃.
Nano iron oxide particles (Fe3O4) were synthesized by coprecipitation of Fe2+ and Fe3+ by ammonia solution in the aqueous phase. Various instrumentation methods such as X ray Diffractometry (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Vibrating Sample Magnetometery (VSM) were used to characterize the properties of nanoparticles. The size of the nanoparticles was measured and was found to be between 10 to 15 nm. The value of saturation magnetization of the nanoparticles was found to be 55.26 emu/g. The BET surface area of nano iron oxide particles measured to be 86.55 m2/g.
This review article provides a comprehensive overview of the synthesis, characterization, and potential applications of strontium oxide nanoparticles (SrONPs). The focus is on discussing the stability of SrONPs, including their resistance to degradation and corrosion in harsh chemical environments. The review highlights their robust thermal and electrical resistivity, making them suitable for high-temperature applications and maintaining reliable performance in electrical systems. Various characterization techniques, such as UV-Visible spectrometry, FTIR spectroscopy, SEM, XRD, and dynamic light scattering, are utilized to analyze the properties of SrONPs. Additionally, the review explores their potential applications, including their antibacterial properties and suitability for diverse fields such as electronics, energy storage, lighting, and wastewater treatment. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of SrONPs, emphasizing their stability, versatility, and potential for wide-ranging industrial and biomedical applications.
The tremendous rise in development of resistance to antimicrobials has created an alarming situation for researchers and clinicians. In this regard, an attempt has been made to develop a series of azole-based derivatives. The presented study consists of the design and synthesis of some newer derivatives by incorporating the isoxazole nucleus in the pharmacophore. These are also characterized physicochemically and by spectral means (IR and microanalysis). Moreover, the antioxidant activity of these derivatives was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging methods Finally, all of the newly isolated compounds were tested for their antimicrobial activities. Herein, antimicrobial screening using the agar disc diffusion method revealed that the majority of the derivatives are most active.
Oxicams (e.g. piroxicam, meloxicam) are widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). A large body of evidence from epidemiological and preclinical studies has shown that NSAIDs have a chemopreventive effect on different types of cancer, especially in colorectal cancer. Moreover, mounting evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggests that persistent inflammation functions as a driving force in the journey to cancer. What is more, inflammation induces reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, which cause damage to important cellular components (e.g., DNA, proteins and lipids), which can directly or indirectly contribute to malignant cell transformation. In this study, we discuss the synthesis and the resultant newly synthesized oxicam derivatives which are potentially chemopreventive, and at the same time antioxidant. Compound 9c, with the highest therapeutic index in the LoVo cancer cell line, was found to be the most efficient in ROS scavenging activity under conditions of oxidative stress.