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A thermodynamic approach to mechanical stability of nanosized particles

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Samsonov V., Sdobnyakov N.
Open Physics
|
2003
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vol. 1
|
issue 2
344-354
EN
Thermodynamic stability conditions for nanoparticles (resulting from non-negativity of the second variation of the free energy) have been analyzed for two cases: (i) a nonvolatile nanosized particle with the size-dependent surface tension; (ii) the limiting case of larger objects when the surface tension takes its macroscopic value. It has been shown that the mechanical stability of a nanoparticle, i.e. its stability relative to the volume fluctuations, is defined by an interplay between the excess (“surface”) free energy and the volumetric elastic energy. According to the results obtained, noble gas clusters and metal nanoparticles satisfy the mechanical stability condition. At the same time, water nanodrops, as well as nanoparticles presented by nonpolar organic molecules, correspond to the stability limit. Among the investigated systems, the stability condition is not carried out for n-Pentane clusters.
2
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On the size dependence of surface tension in the temperature range from melting point to critical point

100%
Sdobnyakov N., Samsonov V.
Open Physics
|
2005
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vol. 3
|
issue 2
247-257
EN
The problem of size dependence of surface tension was investigated in view of a more general problem of the applicability of Gibbs’ thermodynamics to nanosized objects. For the first time, the effective surface tension (coinciding with the specific excess free energy for an equimolecular dividing surface) was calculated within a wide temperature range, from the melting temperature to the critical point, using the thermodynamic perturbation theory. Calculations were carried out for Lennard-Jones and metallic nanosized droplets. It was found that the effective surface tension decreases both, with temperature and particle size.
3
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On applicability of Gibbs thermodynamics to nanoparticles

100%
Samsonov V., Bazulev A., Sdobnyakov N.
Open Physics
|
2003
|
vol. 1
|
issue 3
474-484
EN
The problem of applicability of thermodynamics to small objects has been investigated. It is shown that the Gibbs surface phase method may be extended to nanoparticles if the effective surface tension (the specific excess free energy) is interpreted as a function of the particle radius.
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