As a result of thousands of years of agriculture, humans had created many crop varieties that became the basis of our daily diet, animal feed and also carry industrial application. Soybean is one of the most important crops worldwide and because of its high economic value the demand for soybean products is constantly growing. In Europe, due to unfavorable climate conditions, soybean cultivation is restricted and we are forced to rely on imported plant material. The development of agriculture requires continuous improvements in quality and yield of crop varieties under changing or adverse conditions, namely stresses. To achieve this goal we need to recognize and understand the molecular dependencies underlying plant stress responses. With the advent of new technologies in studies of plant transcriptomes and proteomes, now we have the tools necessary for fast and precise elucidation of desirable crop traits. Here, we present an overview of high-throughput techniques used to analyze soybean responses to different abiotic (drought, flooding, cold stress, salinity, phosphate deficiency) and biotic (infections by F. oxysporum, cyst nematode, SMV) stress conditions at the level of the transcriptome (mRNAs and miRNAs) and the proteome.
Stability studies of the formulations of CAR solid dispersions were analyzed at 300C/65%RH for a period of three months. A simple reverse phase HPLC was developed and validated for the quantification of CAR solid dispersions. Chromatographic separation was achieved on Waters Atlantis dC18 (4.6 X 150mm) column with a mobile phase consisting of 0.033M phosphate buffer and methanol (35:65). The mobile phase was filtered using an organic filter paper and sonicated for about 20 min. The flow rate was 1ml/min and 242nm wavelength was used for detection. Force degradation studies were conducted under three conditions namely; acidic, basic and hydroxide peroxide conditions. With the HPLC linearity concentration was in the range of 5-80μg/ml with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.9995. There was no interference with drug carriers. The suggested reverse phase HPLC methodology is simple, selective, linear and robust in quantifying the amount of CAR in the various solid dispersion samples. In hydrogen peroxide a degraded product was found on the chromatogram unlike that of the acidic and basic conditions. Degradation occurred more strongly in the acidic condition than in the basic condition. The binary systems were less stable than the ternary system solid dispersions due to the presence of HP-β-CD.
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