Search results

1

Hydrochemiczna charakterystyka Niebieskich Źródeł

100%

Małecki J. J., Warszawskiego K. O. Ś. i. z. N. U.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica

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1997

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vol. 2

EN

On the basis of the existing examination results of the hygrological conditions, literature and the author's field research 15 points were chosen for taking water samples to determine, by laboratory tests, their macro- and microcomposition. Altogether 37 hydrochemical elements were determined to supply documentary evidence for a possible influence of the industrial effiuents upon the water quality. It was found that damming the flow from the water region near the overflow in Nowy Ludwików (fig. l) made redox potential reduction which leads to a decay process intensification. The participation of the basic components, which gives the water its hydrochemical type, is stable and of similar composition in each of the samples analysed. Nitrite nitrogen concentration is one of the elements which can testify to possible anthropogenic efTects. In spite of the man's economic activity the total evaluation of the water quality supplying the Niebieskie źródła Springs is very high.

PL

W artykule przedstawiono ocenę właściwości hydrochemicznych Niebieskich źródeł. Wskazano, iż skład chemiczny wód źródlanych formowany jest przez czynniki geogeniczne; ewentualny wpływ antropopresji przejawia się zawartością śladową związków azotu.

2

Źródła, ich rola w środowisku i znaczenie w gospodarce wodnej

100%

Jokiel P., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. N. G.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica

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1997

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vol. 2

3

Źródła w dorzeczu Widawki

80%

Burchard J., Maksymiuk Z.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica

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1997

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vol. 2

EN

In this article the authors have presented the zones in which springs occur (fig. l). They have divided the researched springs into morphogenetic types and indicated a dependence of the different types of the spring water outflows upon height-intervals. The analysis shows that the springs with the biggest outflows of water are related to the abundance of underground water horizons (tab. l). The outflows selected from different types were researched in a physico-chemical way (tab. 2). From among the 10 springs examined in a physico-chemicaI way in 1996, six are typical outflows from the Quaternary deposits (points 1-6), two are supplied with water both from the Quaternary deposits and from the Jurassic ones (points 8 and 9) and the last two are typical outflows from the Jurassic limestones (points 7 and 10). The physico-chemical researches of the springs in the Widawka drainage basin have shown that the predominant physico-chemical types are: HCO]-S04-Ca, HCO]-Ca (tab. 2, 4, 5; fig. 3, 4). The spring water quality analysis has proved that in all the cases the standards for potable water and economic purposes established by the Ministry of Health were satisfying (tab. 6). The water quality classification made according to the rules suitable for the environmental

4

Zmiany wydajności Niebieskich Źródeł - przyczyny i skutki

80%

Małecka D., Warszawskiego I. H. i. G. I. U.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica

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1997

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vol. 2

EN

The Niebieskie źródła Springs represent a unique site of the karst water type on the Polish Lowlands. Human intervention into the natural environment modyfied its surroundings and hydrological regime, changed output regression and even periodically caused total vanishing of the runoff. From among many reasons causing the above mentioned consequences borehole water extraction in Brzostówka opposite the Pilica river seems to be the most important one (fig. 1). However, considerations referring to output regression of the Niebieskie źródła Springs should not concentrate solelyon the nature reserve area because other factors, such as the conditions of ałimentation, circulation and drainage on the local scale should also be taken into account. Because the hydrodynamic balance had been upset as a result of water extraction in Brzostówka new water circulation ways were opened which enabled water runofT beyond the area drained by the karst springs. The recently started renovation and other works in the reserve area have gradually rebuilt water pressure but the real yield of the springs remained at a lower level oscillating around 60 l/s.

PL

Rezerwat przyrody Niebieskie Źródła stanowi jedyne w swoim rodzaju stanowisko wód krasowych na Niżu Polskim. W ich charakterystyce, opartej na wieloletnich obserwacjach, uwzględniono proces zasilania oraz czynniki regionalne i lokalne wpływające na ten proces. Wskazano na przyrodniczo uwarunkowaną cykliczność i antropologeniczne przyczyny regresji wydatku źródeł.

5

Źródła północno-zachodniej części Masywu Śnieżnika

80%

Maksymiuk Z., Tomaszewski E., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. N. G.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica

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1997

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vol. 2

EN

The evaluation of the spring regime lets us characterize some hydrogeological features of the researched area and determine the influence of the so called point drainage on a layout and quantity of water which supplies the river network. It refers especially to the mountaineous areas. A good example is the metamorphic Śnieżnik Massif, where due to the lack of representative hydrogeological bore-holes a number of springs are the only sign of the underground water circulation. The hydrographical mapping of the researched area was carried out in July 1994. This period was characterized by an evident shortage of precipitations and by high temperatures of air. They researched the Wilczka drainage basin down to the Wilkanów profile and all the upper parts of the Nowinka, Domaszkowski Potok, Szklarka and Czarna Woda drainage basins (fig. 1). There were observed 212 natural underground water outflows there, of which 162 were real springs, 38 sapping springs and 12 bog-springs. The analysis of the observed spatial diversity of the underground water outflows was carried out basing on the elementary measures referred to the areas of the autochthonous and defTerenliated drainage basins. Those basic measures are: springability coefficient, spring water runofT modulus and the participation of the spring water in the combined runoff (fig. 2, 3, 4, 5). They noticed evident connections with relief, geology Le. characteristics of the underground water basins, drained by springs. The vertical diversity of the researched springs was examined either in the zonal height-intervals or actual altitude (precise fixing of an altitude) (fig. 6, 7, 8, 9). The quantity of the outflows and their features (temperature, yield) were estimated on the statistical characteristics of the studied series. There were not observed any very evident connections of the analyzed characteristics with an altitude. The authors observed a tendency to constitute height-intervals in which the character and the regime of the springs are similar. The causes for such a state should be searched in orographic and geological features, which are combined with the occurence of definite groups of outflows on the proper altitude.

PL

Artykuł zawiera wyniki badań dotyczące rozmieszczenia i właściwości źródeł w północno- -zachodniej części Masywu Śnieżnika. Ocenie poddano przestrzenne uporządkowanie badanych wypływów, prezentując wyniki obliczonych parametrów metodą dazymetryczną. Wskazano również na pionową (strefową) zmienność liczby i cech analizowanych źródeł.

6

Krenologia obszarów młodoglacjalnych na przykładzie Pojezierza Lubuskiego – przegląd badań

71%

SZCZUCIŃSKA A., MARCINIAK M., PŁOCIENNICZAK J.

Badania Fizjograficzne Seria A - Geografia Fizyczna

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2019

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issue 10(70)

119-132

EN

The Polish Lowland is an area with rare and relatively poorly studied springs. The present paper review results of recent studies on springs, their hydrology and environments on Lubuskie Lakeland (5.200 km2) in western part of the Polish Lowland. This area contains over 1,000 springs and seepages outflowing from porous sediments. Most of them are related to thick Pleistocene sediments containing several groundwater bearing layers, which are cut by deep subglacial channels (tunnel valleys). The spring density index is the highest in catchment of the Gryżynka River, with up to 4.8 individual springs and seepages per 1 km2. The most common in the Lubuskie Lakeland are seepages (65%), descending and hillslope outflows. Their water discharge varies from < 0.001 to 50 000 dm3/s. Hydrochemistry of spring waters is dominated by calcium and bicarbonate ions, as well as high concentrations of iron and manganese. Due to the lack of a surface insulation layer, contaminants (various forms of nitrogen) easily migrate to groundwater. Generally, the spring waters have good quality. Moreover continuous observations of the water surface levels in spring supplied water bodies revealed daily fluctuations, which are likely due to evapotranspiration and changes of the filtration coefficient in hyporheic zone.

7

Źródła Masywu Tatrzańskiego

70%

Małecka D., Uniwersytet Warszawski W. G.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica

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1997

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vol. 2

EN

The Tatras are characterized by a high springability degree because of its considerable elevation above the surrounding Paleogene basins, deep cuttings in the massif by big river valleys and abundance of rainfall. The most common outflows are ftltration springs draining porous water of Quaternary deposits. Fissure springs which drain fissure water of crystalline core, lower Triassic quartzitic sandstones and sedimentary series with a smaller proportion of the carbonate rocks, are less numerous. The most productive outflows are springs and karst springs which are connected with the Tatra's carbonate sediments and, to a lesser degree, carbonate Eocene deposits (fig. l). The article includes the characteristics of these springs and karst springs which were monitored. Results of the stationary research, carried out since the 70s, showed that the dynamics and chemism of water drained by the Tatra's karst springs are decisively influenced by the location of the alimentation area. As far as the efficiency of outflows is concerned all the karst springs qualified for the III Meinzer's class. However, the karst springs can be divided into karst springs draining areas within orographic catchment basin of lower outputs between 3Q0-..400l/s (Chochołowskie and Bystre Springs) and those whose underground watersheds exceed orographic basin of the output between 500-700 Ifs (Lodowe, Goryczkowe, Olczyskie Springs). Carbonate Eocene is drained by the karst springs and springs of much lower outputs (IV and V Meinzer's class).

PL

W artykule przedstawiono charakterystykę źródeł obszaru tatrzańskiego. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na wywierzyska. Wskazano na dynamikę i chemizm wód drenowanych przez źródła.

8

Źródła Wyżyny Lubelskiej i Roztocza

70%

Michalczyk Z., Lublinie Z. H. U. M. C.-S. w.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica

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1997

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vol. 2

EN

In the hydrogeological image of Poland the Lublin Upland and the Roztocze stand out with numerous springs of differentiated yields. In the active water circulation zone of this region there are different carbonate rocks. In the near-surface zone there are mostly maastricht deposits developed into lime silicate rocks, marls or chalk which are locally covered with Paleocene gaizes, Neogene limestones and sandstones. In the plateau areas these rocks are covered with a thin layer of sand-dust sediments and locally with a thick loess cover. The usable underground water horizon occurs in the Cretaceous carbonate rocks and locally even in the Tertiary and Quaternary ones. Differentiated tectonic systems of oriented cracks strongly affect the underground water circulation and the occurence of springs. About 1550 springs were recorded in the Lublin Upland and the Roztocze of which about 1230 are still functioning. The springs with a small yield are the most common for 57% of outflows do not reach 1 1/s. All the springs supplied with water from the upper aquiferhorizons existing in the highest parts of drainage basins are in this group. The yield 1-10 l/s appears in 29% of springs; only 13% of springs exceeds 10 l/s. 160 springs of the yield above 10 l/s were recorded in the researched area. Out of these 11 springs permanently exceed 100 l/s and 8 such springs are located in the Roztocze and 2 more in the vicinity of this region. From the hydrological point of view the springs exceeding 10 l/s are of greatest significance They supply about 78% of water flowing out of the springs in the Lublin Upland and the Roztocze hence they decide about the quantity of water flowing in the rivers during the precipitation-free period. In the Roztocze and in the western part of the Lublin Upland about 38% of water directly derives from the springs and the comparable quantity of water inflows to the rivers through the direct river-bed drainage. In the precipitation-free periods 100% of river water is derived from the underground water resources of which springs supply between 40-100%. In the eastern part of the Lublin Upland the spring water supplying the rivers is decidedly lower. Spring water from the Lublin Upland and the Roztocze is of high quality. The places of outflows and spring niches should be protected against pollution and devastation. In such places physico-chemical and bacteriological properties of underground water should not be changed in any way.

PL

Na podstawie bogatych archiwalnych i terenowych materiałów przedstawiono warunki występowania, rozmieszczenie i wydajność źródeł na Wyżynie Lubelskiej i Roztoczu oraz oceniono rolę źródeł w zasilaniu rzek wodami podziemnymi.

9

Źródła strefy krawędziowej Wyżyny Łódzkiej i ich gospodarcze wykorzystanie

70%

Moniewski P., Łódzkiego Z. H. i. G. W. U.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica

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1997

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vol. 2

PL

Celem niniejszego opracowania jest przedstawienie rozmieszczenia źródeł w strefie krawędziowej Wyżyny Łódzkiej na tIe warunków geomorfologicznych, powiązania z poziomami wodonośnymi oraz dynamiki ich wydajności w oparciu o systematyczne pomiary. Praca porusza także aspekt gospodarczego wykorzystania źródeł i potencjalnych możliwości jego rozszerzenia oraz problem ochrony źródeł.

10

Changes of springs’ yield of Lublin Upland and Roztocze Region in 1998–2008

70%

Michalczyk Z., Chmiel S., Głowacki S., Zielińska B., Michalczyk Z., Chmiel S., Głowacki S., Zielińska B.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2008

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issue 12

11

Wody oligotroficzne w źródłach rezerwatu Struga Dobieszkowska

61%

Mordalska A., Witczak M., Ferenc T.

Folia Medica Lodziensia

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2012

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vol. 39

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issue 1

39-50

EN

On the basis of the example of the nature reserve "Struga Dobieszkowska" (RSD), the occurrence of natural areas such as midforest springs and streams found in Lodz Hills Landscape Park (LHLP) are discussed. The springs in the area of LHLP create ecosystems characterized by significant phytoenosic, floral and faunal diversity. These springs have preserved the highest class of water purity (oligotrophic waters). The presence of the commonest for this class of water - saprobes e.g. the bryophytes genus Brachythecium, Gammarus pulex as well as typical groups of diatons has been observed. At present the areas adjacent to LHLP are subjected to significant anthropopressure which can result in the contamination of groundwater in this area.

PL

Na przykładzie rezerwatu przyrody ,,Struga Dobieszkowska” (RSD) omówiono występowanie na terenie Parku Krajobrazowego Wzniesień Łódzkich (PKWŁ) naturalnych obszarów przyrody, takich jak śródleśne źródliska i strumienie. Źródliska na terenie PKWŁ tworzą środowisko (ekosystemy) charakteryzujące się znaczną różnorodnością fitocenotyczną, florystyczną i faunistyczną. Źródliska te zachowały najczystszą klasę czystości (wody oligotroficzne). Zanotowano obecność najpospolitszych dla tej klasy wód saprobów: mszaki z rodzaju Brachythecium, kiełż zdrojowy (Gammarus pulex) oraz typowe zbiorowiska okrzemek. Obecnie tereny przyległe do PKWŁ poddawane są silnej antropopresji, której skutkiem może być zanieczyszczenie wód podziemnych w tym regionie.

12

Podstawowe cechy reżimu wydajności wybranych źródeł karpackich

61%

Jokiel P., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. N. G.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Physica

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1997

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vol. 2

EN

The above given scientific description contains the analysis of multi-annual and seasonal changes in the outflow of 15 springs which emerge in the Carpathian flysch (fig. l, tab. l). 1979-1991 were the analysed years. A greater part of the springs are characterized by a small average outflow and its considerable variability, a fact typical for the Carpathian flysch (tab. 2). A very big inertia of outflows has been noticed in the case of three springs. It indicates a considerable capacity of the drained water-bearing structures. The analyses of the trends have proved that they are statistically insignificant as well as the trends of the tendency do not show any space order. The greatest seasonal variability can be observed in the case of springs with the highest variation coefficient and with the least inertia. The maximum yields of a greater part of the springs concentrate in the spring months (March, April) or in June. The minimal yields commonly appear in autumn (October, November). The analysis of the frrst three main components lets us divide the searched springs into 5 groups of which two are one-element groups (fig. 5). The springs belonging to the groups divided in such a way have a similar outflow regime.

PL

Prezentowany artykuł zawiera analizę wieloletnich i sezonowych zmian wydajności 15 źródeł odwadniających struktury wodonośne fliszu karpackiego. Materiał hydrometryczny pochodzi z okresu 1979-1991. Stosując metodę składowych głównych i analizę czynnikową zdefiniowano także trzy charakterystyki waloryzujące skalę zmienności sezonowej, poziom inercji wydatku oraz charakter zmian wieloletnich. Zmienne te posłużyły do określenia względnego podobieństwa reżimów wydajności poszczególnych źródeł, a po zastosowaniu analizy skupień do ich pogrupowania w 5 klas typologicznych.

13

Physicochemical characterization of synclinal spring water of Taoura, region of Souk Ahras – North East Algeria

61%

Bouhafs F., Laraba A., Bouhafs F., Laraba A.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2021

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issue 50

14

Occurrence and temporal variations of groundwater outflows in the Petuniabukta region, Spitsbergen

51%

Szczucińska A. M.

Polish Polar Research

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2011

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issue 4

Refine search results

Hydrochemiczna charakterystyka Niebieskich Źródeł

Źródła, ich rola w środowisku i znaczenie w gospodarce wodnej

Źródła w dorzeczu Widawki

Zmiany wydajności Niebieskich Źródeł - przyczyny i skutki

Źródła północno-zachodniej części Masywu Śnieżnika

Krenologia obszarów młodoglacjalnych na przykładzie Pojezierza Lubuskiego – przegląd badań

Źródła Masywu Tatrzańskiego

Źródła Wyżyny Lubelskiej i Roztocza

Źródła strefy krawędziowej Wyżyny Łódzkiej i ich gospodarcze wykorzystanie

Changes of springs’ yield of Lublin Upland and Roztocze Region in 1998–2008

Wody oligotroficzne w źródłach rezerwatu Struga Dobieszkowska

Podstawowe cechy reżimu wydajności wybranych źródeł karpackich

Physicochemical characterization of synclinal spring water of Taoura, region of Souk Ahras – North East Algeria

Occurrence and temporal variations of groundwater outflows in the Petuniabukta region, Spitsbergen