Search results

1

Awareness of the role of cardiovascular risk factors and their prevention – comparison between rural-urban and urban adolescents

100%

Ostrówka D., Dereziński T., Nowak M., Komand A., Jancewicz M., Szyndler A., Wolf J., Narkiewicz K.

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2019

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vol. 2

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issue 2

27-37

EN

Background Unhealthy habits (poor diet, smoking and hazardous alcohol drinking) often originate from early-life. We assessed the knowledge on selected cardiovascular and cancer risk factors, healthy habits and its implementation among adolescents and the correlation with their residence. Material and methods A survey-based study (38-item inventory) was conducted among adolescents from urban and rural-urban areas recruited in two Tricity high-schools and one junior high school from Gniewkowo, respectively. Results A total of 410 students (59% girls) form Tricity and 287 (51% girls) from Gniewkowo completed the inventory. The mean age was 15.3 years. Students from Gniewkowo spend weekly 8.9±6.2 hours on structured physical activity, which contrasts with 5.5±4.5hrs in Tricity(P<0.001). Gniewkowo residents restrained from alcohol consumption in 38.7% vs. 31.1% in Tricity (P=0.04); were active smokers at 9.4% vs. 4.2% (P=0.007); regular fruits and vegetables consumption was low in both Gniewkowo and Tricity 11.8% vs. 8.6% (P=0.19); respectively. The awareness of the risk factors of non-communicable diseases was more common amongst Tricity adolescents. This was consistently coupled with the knowledge on preventive methods. Conclusions The level of knowledge on common non-communicable disease risk factors is higher among teenagers from urban areas, however this does not necessarily translate to more frequent introduction of healthy lifestyle.

2

Awareness of the role of cardiovascular risk factors and their prevention – comparison between rural-urban and urban adolescents

100%

Ostrówka D., Dereziński T., Nowak M., Komand A., Jancewicz M., Szyndler A., Wolf J., Narkiewicz K.

European Journal of Translational and Clinical Medicine

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2020

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vol. 2

|

issue 2

27-37

EN

Background: Unhealthy habits (poor diet, smoking and hazardous alcohol drinking) often originate from early-life. We assessed the knowledge on selected cardiovascular and cancer risk factors, healthy habits and its implementation among adolescents and the correlation with their residence. Material and methods: A survey-based study (38-item inventory) was conducted among adolescents from urban and rural-urban areas recruited in two Tricity high-schools and one junior high school from Gniewkowo, respectively. Results: A total of 410 students (59% girls) form Tricity and 287 (51% girls) from Gniewkowo completed the inventory. The mean age was 15.3 years. Students from Gniewkowo spend weekly 8.9±6.2 hours on structured physical activity, which contrasts with 5.5±4.5hrs in Tricity(P<0.001). Gniewkowo residents restrained from alcohol consumption in 38.7% vs. 31.1% in Tricity (P=0.04); were active smokers at 9.4% vs. 4.2% (P=0.007); regular fruits and vegetables consumption was low in both Gniewkowo and Tricity 11.8% vs. 8.6% (P=0.19); respectively. The awareness of the risk factors of non-communicable diseases was more common amongst Tricity adolescents. This was consistently coupled with the knowledge on preventive methods. Conclusions: The level of knowledge on common non-communicable disease risk factors is higher among teenagers from urban areas, however this does not necessarily translate to more frequent introduction of healthy lifestyle.

3

Tobacco smoking – popularity and main trends on research

100%

Bartoń A., Knysak J., Bębenek P., Kośmider L.

Medycyna Środowiskowa - Environmental Medicine

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2014

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vol. 17

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issue 4

7-18

EN

Each year smoking leads to the premature death of over 5 million people around the world. However, the tobacco industry took actions like introducing cigarettes which contain less nicotine and tar aimed at not only maintaining the old clientele, but also attracting a new one. The knowledge of the adverse health effects of smoking became widespread in the second half of the 20th century and changed attitudes towards smoking. In recent years, in many markets in the world a new device representing an alternative to tobacco products was introduced. Electronic cigarettes are designed to deliver nicotine into the respiratory system in the form of an aerosol. They have been gaining more and more popularity, as evidenced by the increase in the percentage of users as well as in the numbers of publications about them. Currently, opinions are divided and the e-cigarette has almost as many supporters as opponents. All this resembles the situation concerning conventional cigarettes in the 20th century. The aim of the study is to gather the most significant information concerning, on the one hand, the spreading popularity of tobacco smoking and, on the other, the research topics undertaken by contemporary scientists, as well as the government actions meant to protect from dangers of nicotine addiction in the 20th and 21st century. New developments of products containing this highly addictive substance call for systematic research in the interest of public health.

PL

Palenie tytoniu jest przyczyną śmierci około 5 milionów ludzi rocznie na całym świecie. Wiedza na temat szkodliwego wpływu palenia na zdrowie stała się powszechna w drugiej połowie XX wieku. Jednak na przestrzeni lat przemysł tytoniowy podejmował działania mające na celu utrzymanie starych i pozyskanie nowych konsumentów. Jednym z nich było wprowadzenie na rynek papierosów o obniżonej zawartości nikotyny i substancji smolistych. W ostatnich latach na wielu światowych rynkach pojawiły się urządzenia zwane elektronicznymi papierosami. Zostały one zaprojektowane, jako produkt alternatywny do konwencjonalnych papierosów dostarczając nikotynę w formie aerozolu do organizmu użytkownika. Cieszą się one coraz większą popularnością, na co wskazuje wysoki odsetek ich użytkowników oraz ilość ukazujących się na ich temat publikacji. Obecnie zdania są podzielone i elektroniczne papierosy mają wielu zwolenników jak i przeciwników. Przypomina to sytuację dotyczącą konwencjonalnych papierosów z XX wieku. W pracy zebrano najistotniejsze informacje na temat rozpowszechnienia palenia, jak i informacje na temat działań podejmowanych przez rządy oraz naukowców w celu ochrony zdrowia publicznego. Wiedza ta może być przydatna w nadchodzących latach ze względu na pojawiającą się szeroką gamę produktów takich jak elektroniczne papierosy, zawierających substancję uzależniającą, jaką stanowi nikotyna.

4

Cigarette smoking by young people attending health promoting schools – selected causes and structure

100%

Grochowska A., Cupak I. B., Majda A.

Long-Term Care Nursing

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2020

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vol. 5

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issue 3

191-205

EN

Aim Smoking among young people is becoming an increasingly serious problem. The solution to the problems related to smoking can be brought about by the constant reconstruction of behavior patterns, a systematic change of customs and cultural patterns, included in the educational anti-smoking programs of Health Promoting Schools. The aim was to evaluate the structure of cigarette smoking, the demographic and environmental factors that determine smoking among young people. Material and methods The study was conducted in five Health Promoting Schools in Tarnow (Junior High School, High School). 663 students from five schools participated in the study, age 13-18. The study has been conducted two Times among the same sample: when the participants started school and in the end of education. The students completed an author`s questionnaire based on the HBSC report. Results Cigarette smoking was declared by 32.0% of the students in the first study (boys – S=1,15; SD=0,36; girls – S=1,12, SD=0,32). In the second study, cigarette smoking was declared by 37.3% (boys – S=1,3, SD=0,36; girls – S=1,18; SD=0,39). Boys have ever smoked significantly more often than girls (1st study – p=0.0131, 2nd study – p=0.0028). There were statistically significantly more people living in rural areas and smoking cigarettes (28.5%) compared to people living in urban areas (19.9%) (p=0.006). During school education, both boys and girls increased the number of cigarettes smoked and the frequency of smoking. Conclusions The health promoting schools surveyed failed to delay and prevent tobacco initiation among adolescents. Effective prophylaxis cannot be implemented also without the support of parents.

5

Anthropometric Variables and PEFR

88%

Chandel R., Shivhare G., Bhagat A.

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vol. 39

75-80

EN

Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) varies with anthropometric variables like calendar age, body height, body weight, and body surface area in different regions. The present study aims at analyzing the relationship of PEFR with anthropometric variables to know a reference value in this region. We conducted the present study on healthy adult males aged eighteen to forty-five years engaged in works where they were un-exposed to pollutants in Patiala, India. Subgroups were made in each anthropometric variable category. PEFR recording was done using Mini Wright Peak Flow Meter. Results are expressed as mean PEFR ± standard deviation (mean ± S.D.), while the students' t-test was used to determine the differences between the means. We observed a linear increase in PEFR with all anthropometric variables. The correlation of PEFR with anthropometric variables was determined. PEFR is positively correlated with body height and body surface area (r =+0.20) and negatively correlated with calendar age (r = - 0.24) and body weight (r = - 0.02). We conclude that PEFR correlates best with body height (r = +0.48), and the result is highly significant (p < 0.01).

6

Increased Frequency of Ace Gene DD Genotype in Normotensive Male Smokers with Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

88%

Waliszewski K., Słomski R., Oszkinis G., Majewski W., Pawlaczyk K.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2007

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vol. 79

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issue 5

368-374

EN

The aim of the study was to assess whether the association between abdominal aortic aneurisms (AAAs) and the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) DD genotype is changed in male smokers.Material and methods. The ACE I/D polymorphism was examined by PCR in 112 subjects with AAA and in 50 control subjects. The frequency of ACE genotypes (II, ID and DD) in the patient group was assessed in subgroups divided on the basis of blood pressure, smoking and sex.Results. A significant increase in the frequency of ACE DD genotypes has been found in all AAA patients studied (odds ratio OR=2.6; range 1.3-5.6, p <0.0002) when compared to the remaining ACE genotypes (ID and II) and the control group. The respective values were higher when all 74 male smokers with AAA were assessed (OR=3.6; p <0.006). No increase in ACE DD genotype frequency was seen in all females (38) and male nonsmokers when compared to the respective control group (n=16) (OR=1.4; p <0.75).In the group of normotensive AAA patients, the proportion of ACE DD genotype in relation to the remaining ACE genotypes (ID and II) was found to be higher than in the general AAA patient population (odds ratio OR=6.14; range 2.5-14.9, p <0.0001). In 32 normotensive male smokers with AAA, the respective values were higher (OR=8.3).Conclusions. An increased frequency of the ACE DD genotype in normotensive male smokers may account in large part for the increase in DD genotype occurrence noted in all AAA patients.

7

Are heated tobacco products a healthy alternative to cigarettes?

88%

Romaszko-Wojtowicz A., Doboszyńska A., Nawrocki S.

OncoReview

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2021

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vol. 11

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issue 1

5-11

EN

As well as being an extremely widespread addiction, tobacco smoking is a well-known cause of numerous deaths around the world. Most (80–90%) of lung cancer cases occur among smokers. The awareness of harmful effects of smoking is growing constantly. Manufacturers of tobacco products have recently opted to face this challenge by marketing heated tobacco products. Based on the performed research, tobacco companies maintain that these products are less harmful. They advertise their products as a smokeless, unconventional, less harmful cigarette. Due to the short follow-up period, the studies on consequences of using heated tobacco products are still scarce. This article presents a review of the literature focused on the use of heated tobacco products as an alternative to traditional cigarettes.

8

The comparative analysis of amount of exhaled carbon monoxide as an indicator of smoking among students of selected universities in Wroclaw

88%

Pirogowicz I., Grychowska N., Pirogowicz A., Patyk M., Gojny Ł., Łukasik T., Woźnica E., Popecki P., Stawiany M.

Medycyna Środowiskowa - Environmental Medicine

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2013

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vol. 16

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issue 4

52-56

EN

Background: The aim of this study is to compare the amount of exhaled carbon monoxide which can be an indicator of the phenomenon of tobacco smoking among youngsters in a group of students of Wroclaw’s universities. Materials and methods: The study was performed on 347 students living in dormitories of four Wroclaw universities: Wroclaw Medical University, University of Wroclaw, University of Physical Education and Technical University. Every tested student underwent a measurement of quantities of exhaled carbon monoxide by a Micro Medical Smoke Check device. Every participant took part in an anonymous survey, which was divided into three parts (for smokers/non-smokers/ex-smokers) and included exposure to tobacco smoke, length of time smoking etc. Results: No difference in the amount of exhaled CO between students of particular universities was observed. The Smoke Check measurements are higher in actively smoking students compared to nonsmokers. The results are higher in students declaring passive smoking compared with those not exposed to tobacco smoke at all. No difference in level of CO between genders and particular age groups was observed. Conclusions: Despite higher health awareness, students of the Medical University and University of Physical Education reach for cigarettes as often as the other tested students. Male students smoke as often as female students and CO result was not dependent on age.

PL

Wstęp: Celem pracy jest porównanie ilości wydychanego tlenku węgla przez studentów wybranych uniwersytetów we Wrocławiu, jako wskaźnika pomocnego przy ocenie zjawiska palenia tytoniu u młodzieży studiującej. Materiały i metody: Badanie przeprowadzono wśród 347 studentów zamieszkujących domy studenckie czterech wrocławskich uczelni: Uniwersytetu Medycznego, Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego i Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Zbadano ilość wydalanego tlenku węgla z użyciem urządzenia Micro Medical Smoke Check. Każdy uczestnik wziął udział z ankiecie dotyczącej jego kontaktu z dymem tytoniowym. Wyniki: Nie zaobserwowano różnić w ilości wydychanego CO między studentami różnych uczelni. Wyniki były najwyższe w grupie osób aktywnie palących. Grupa osób biernie palących wydalała więcej CO niż osoby nie deklarujące narażenia na dym tytoniowy. Nie zauważono różnic między grupą mężczyzn i kobiet, jak i między różnymi grupami wiekowymi. Wnioski: Pomimo większej świadomości zdrowotnej, studenci Uniwersytetu Medycznego i Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego sięgają po papierosa częściej, niż pozostali. Kobiety okazały się palić równie często, jak mężczyźni. Nie zaobserwowano różnic w ilości wydalanego CO między płciami.

9

Which factors affect electrophysiological parameters in patients undergoing surgery for carpal tunnel syndrome?

75%

Wierzbicki K., Linart C., Bugdol M., Ślusarz K., Romanek K., Tadeusiak B., Adamczyk-Sowa M.

Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis

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2023

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issue 77

182-189

EN

INTRODUCTION: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is an upper limb neuropathy that occurs as a result of compression of the median nerve in the carpal tunnel and is the most common mononeuropathy in the general population. The aim of the study was to assess the electrophysiological parameters of the median nerve before and 6 months after surgical treatment of CTS in patients with a history of smoking and comorbidities. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 84 patients with CTS who were eligible for surgery were enrolled in this prospective study. Electrophysiological tests were performed in the patients before and 6 months after surgery for CTS. RESULTS: The results of the study prove that smoking and diabetes significantly worsen the electrophysiological parameters in patients undergoing surgical treatment of CTS. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking and diabetes cause a significantly worse prognosis in patients after surgery for CTS.

PL

WSTĘP: Zespół cieśni nadgarstka (ZCN) jest neuropatią kończyny górnej, pojawiającą się w wyniku ucisku nerwu pośrodkowego w kanale nadgarstka. Celem badania była ocena parametrów elektrofizjologicznych nerwu pośrodkowego przed leczeniem i 6 miesięcy po leczeniu operacyjnym ZCN u pacjentów obciążonych nikotynizmem oraz chorobami współistniejącymi. MATERIAŁ I METODY: Do prospektywnego badania włączono 84 pacjentów z rozpoznanym klinicznie i elektrofizjologicznie ZCN kwalifikowanych do leczenia operacyjnego. U każdego pacjenta przed leczeniem oraz 6 miesięcy po leczeniu operacyjnym ZCN przeprowadzono badanie elektrofizjologiczne. WYNIKI: Uzyskane wyniki dowodzą, że nikotynizm i cukrzyca istotnie pogarszają parametry elektrofizjologicz-ne u pacjentów poddanych leczeniu operacyjnemu ZCN. WNIOSKI: Nikotynizm i cukrzyca są niekorzystnymi rokowniczo czynnikami u osób operowanych z powodu ZCN.

10

Rozpowszechnienie problemów okulistycznych wśród nałogowych palaczy papierosów

75%

Gać P., Karp D., Gać P., Zawadzki M., Poręba R., Pawlas K.

Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis

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2009

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vol. 63

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issue 5

65-71

EN

INTRODUCTION Habitual smoking according to WOBASZ project was identifi ed in 42% of men and 25% women. The most common eye problems include disorders of refraction, accomodation and and of ocular muscles. AIM The aim of the study was to determine the spread of eye disorders in habitual smokers and the attempt to check whether smoking may have an infl uence on eye disorders. Material and methods. The study was carried out in the city of Wroclaw in a group of 83 students with the use of original questionnaire based on 74 questions on: subjective symptoms connected with vision, basic optometric information, eye diseases, and environmental factors infl uencing on the optic system. The study group was divided into 2 subgroups: 66 non-smoking students and 17 students declaring the habitual smoking. Statistical analysis was performed with STATICTICA 6.0 package. P less than 0.05 was considered as statistically signifi cant. RESULTS In a subgroup of smokers subjective symptoms connected with vision such as headaches, vertigos were statistically signifi cant more common in smokers (non-smokers 31% vs. smokers 40%) as well as the feeling of eye dryness and burning (non-smokers 13% vs. smokers 50%). Smokers more often wore glasses (non-smokers 31% vs. 50%) and contact lenses (non-smokers 14% vs. smokers 33%) in comparison with non-smokers. The mean value of the refraction disorder – myopia – for students wearing glasses was statistically signifi cant higher in smokers (non-smokers –1.75 dioptres for the right and left eye and smokers –4.0 for both eyes). For students wearing contact lenses the mean value of the refraction disorder was also higher for smokers (non-smokers –2.0 dioptres for both eyes, smokers –5.0 for the right eye and –5.25 dioptres for the left eye). Stye was more commonly present in smokers in comparison with non-smokers (non-smokers 0%, smokers 27 %). CONCLUSIONS The spread of eye disorders in the population of students was similar as in the whole population. Generally, disorders of the optic system were more common in habitual smokers.

PL

WSTĘP Nałóg palenia tytoniu w Polsce dotyczy według programu WOBASZ 42% mężczyzn i 25% kobiet. Celem badania była ocena rozpowszechnienia problemów okulistycznych wśród palaczy oraz odpowiedź na pytanie: Czy palenie tytoniu ma wpływ na występowanie zaburzeń układu optycznego oka. MATERIAŁ I METODY Badanie przeprowadzono we Wrocławiu na grupie 83 studentów w oparciu o autorską ankietę składającą się z 74 pytań obejmujących: subiektywne objawy związane z widzeniem, podstawowe informacje optometryczne, choroby oczu oraz czynniki środowiskowe wpływające na stan układu optycznego. Badaną grupę studentów podzielono na dwie podgrupy: 66 studentów niepalących papierosy i 17 studentów deklarujących nałogowe palenie papierosów. WYNIKI Wśród subiektywnych objawów związanych z widzeniem, palący papierosy istotnie statystycznie częściej w porównaniu z niepalącymi zgłaszali bóle i zawroty głowy (niepalący:31%; palący:40%) oraz uczucie suchości i pieczenia oczu (niepalący:13%; palący:33%). Palacze znamiennie częściej nosili, zarówno okulary (niepalący:31%; palący:50%), jak i soczewki kontaktowe (niepalący:14%; palący:33%). Średnia wartość wady wzroku dla osób noszących okulary była istotnie statystycznie wyższa w grupie palących papierosy (niepalący:–1,75 dioptrie w przypadku oka prawego i –1,75 dioptrie w przypadku oka lewego; palący: odpowiednio –4,0 dioptrie i –4,0 dioptrie). Dla osób noszących soczewki kontaktowe średnia wartość wady wzroku była również istotnie wyższa w grupie palących tytoń (niepalący:–2,0 dioptrie w przypadku oka prawego i –2,0 dioptrie w przypadku oka lewego; palący: odpowiednio –5,0 dioptrie i –5,25 dioptrie). Wśród chorób narządu wzroku, u palących papierosy istotnie statystycznie częściej w porównaniu z niepalącymi występował jęczmień (niepalący: 0%; palący:27%). WNIOSKI Problemy okulistyczne w badanej populacji występowały z częstością porównywalną do częstości występowania w populacji ogólnej. Zaburzenia układu optycznego oka zasadniczo częściej zgłaszali nałogowi palacze papierosów.

11

THE ASSOCIATIONS OF SELECTED LIFESTYLE PATTERNS AND LUNG CANCER RISK: AN EVIDENCE-BASED UPDATE

75%

Kruk J., Aboul-Enein B. H.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2016

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vol. 14

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issue 2

37 - 53

EN

Diagnosis of lung cancer (LC) has been fraught with difficulty and by the time of definitive diagnosis, most patients are in later stages of the disease. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that lifestyle behaviors play an etiological role in LC risk; however data in the literature on this topic often appears inconclusive or require further study. Understanding of the mechanisms operating between lifestyle patterns and their impact on LC is important for the disease’s prevention and treatment. The purpose of this study was to review the current evidence on the role of diet, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and sex hormone use in LC development based on meta-analyses, systematic reviews and previously published epidemiologic studies. Regarded as the foremost cause of LC, evidence from studies have indicated that tobacco smoking causes LC. Additionally, exposure to outdoor air pollution and/or occupational-related exposures increase LC risk. Further, frequent consumption of red meat, processed meat increases adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Inverse associations between the disease risk and BMI ≥25 kg/m2, higher level of physical activity, and fruit and vegetable consumption with a high frequency were reported. Future studies are warranted to validate the association between histologic subtypes of LC and lifestyle patterns.

12

Concentrations of some elements in the pubic hair of males with peripheral artery disease

63%

Wiechuła D., Loska K., Przyłudzka K., Fischer A., Rabsztyn E., Przybyła-Misztela C.

Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis

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2012

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vol. 66

|

issue 1

43-51

EN

INTRODUCTION The present study analyzed the concentrations of calcium, magnesium, lead, cadmium and nickel in the pubic hair of males suff ering from peripheral artery disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS The tests were carried out on pubic hair collected from 88 males (42 – experimental, and 46 – control group) at the age of 37–87 yrs living near Bytom (Silesia, southern Poland). The pubic hair was prepared under a procedure established by the International Atomic Energy Agency, followed by wet digestion in a microwave oven. The concentration of the metals in the pubic hair was assayed with the fl ame (Mg, Ca) and fl ameless (Pb, Cd, Ni) AAS. RESULTS The mean concentration of the metals in the pubic hair was similar to that assayed in head hair by other authors. The pubic hair of males suff ering from peripheral artery disease revealed slightly higher median concentrations of lead and nickel than the control group. Calcium concentration was lower for the pubic hair of males with peripheral artery disease than in the control group. Magnesium and cadmium concentrations were at a similar level in experimental and control groups. Much higher concen- trations of toxic elements (Pb, Ni) were found in the hair of smokers suffering from peripheral artery disease compared to non-smokers. CONCLUSIONS The research did not reveal a signifi cant diff erence in the concentrations of selected elements in the pubic hair of males suff ering from peripheral artery disease compared to the control group, which could be due to small numbers of the group. However, the much higher concentration of the toxic elements (Pb, Ni) in the hair of smoking people from the experimental group compared to the non-smokers was a very interesting observation. Such a signifi cant diff erence between smokers and non-smokers was not found in the control group.

PL

WSTĘP W pracy analizowano zawartość wapnia, magnezu, ołowiu, kadmu i niklu we włosach łonowych mężczyzn ze schorzeniami tętnic obwodowych. MATERIAŁ I METODY Materiał do badań stanowiły włosy łonowe pobrane od 88 mężczyzn w wieku od 37 do 87 lat, mieszkających w okolicy Bytomia (GOP, południowa Polska). Grupa badana liczyła 42 mężczyzn, kontrolna – 46 mężczyzn. Włosy łonowe zostały przygotowane do badań zgodnie z procedurą polecaną przez Międzynarodową Agencję Energii Atomowej (IAEA) i poddane mineralizacji mikrofalowej. Zawartość metali w próbkach włosów łonowych oznaczono metodą płomieniową (Mg, Ca) oraz bezpłomieniową (Pb, Cd, Ni) AAS. WYNIKI Średnia zawartość metali we włosach łonowych badanych mężczyzn mieściła się w zakresie zawartości oznaczanych przez innych autorów we włosach z głowy. We włosach łonowych mężczyzn ze schorzeniami tętnic obwodowych stwierdzono nieznacząco większą zawartość ołowiu i niklu w porównaniu z grupą kontrolną. Zawartość wapnia była w grupie mężczyzn ze schorzeniami tętnic obwodowych nieistotnie mniejsza niż w grupie kontrolnej. Zawartość magnezu i kadmu występowała na podobnym poziomie. Stwierdzono większą zawartość ołowiu i niklu we włosach palaczy z grupy mężczyzn ze schorzeniami tętnic obwodowych w porównaniu z osobami niepalącymi. WNIOSKI Przeprowadzone badania wykazały brak istotnej różnicy w zawartości wybranych pierwiastków we włosach łonowych mężczyzn ze schorzeniami tętnic obwodowych w porównaniu z grupą kontrolną, co może wynikać ze zbyt małej liczebności grup. Znacznie większa zawartość pierwiastków toksycznych występowała we włosach palaczy z grupy badanej w porównaniu z osobami niepalącymi. Tak istotnego zróżnicowania między palącymi i niepalącymi nie obserwowano w grupie kontrolnej.

13

The influence of patient-related constutional and environmental factors on early results of a combined modality therapy of esophageal cancer

63%

Pudło K., Błotniak A., Skoczylas T., Dąbrowski A., Szawłowski A., Kozłowski M., Lampe P., Wallner G.

Polish Journal of Surgery

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2016

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vol. 88(5)

448-463

EN

Among many various factors affecting the outcome of cancer treatment one can distinguish patient, tumor- and treatment-related factors. The association of patient-related factors and results of a combined modality therapy of esophageal cancer has not been extensively explored. The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of patient-related constitutional and environmental factors on early results of combined modality therapy of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Material and methods. We retrospectively analyzed prospectively collected data of 84 patients with esophageal cancer randomly assigned to a combined modality treatment. We evaluated the relationship between early outcome of neoadjuvant therapy (overall toxic events, serious toxic events, treatmentrelated mortality, clinical and pathological response to the treatment) or surgical treatment (postoperative morbidity, mortality and curative resections – R0) and constitutional (age, gender, height, body mass index, Karnofski Performance Status – KPS, blood type) or environmental (inhabitation, smoking duration and intensity, frequency and amount of alcohol consumption and occupational exposure) patient-related factors. Results. Significantly more neoadjuvant therapy related deaths were found in patients with KPS 70‑80 (p=0.0016). Interestingly, significantly more toxic events (p=0.0034) after neoadjuvant therapy and a higher postoperative morbidity rate (p=0.0293) were observed in nonsmokers. Similarly, significantly more toxic events (p=0.0029) after neoadjuvant therapy and a higher postoperative mortality rate (p=0.0405) were found in light drinkers. Conclusions. Smoking and consumption of excessive amount of alcohol may attenuate toxic effect of neoadiuvant and surgical therapy in patients treated due to esophageal cancer. The information regarding the mentioned above addictions should not result in giving up an attempt to provide a curative treatmen

14

Wzrastające występowanie stwardnienia rozsianego u kobiet ma związek z paleniem papierosów

63%

Cendrowski W.

Aktualności Neurologiczne

|

2013

|

vol. 13

|

issue 4

267-274

EN

Introduction: Reasons of increasing multiple sclerosis (MS) occurrence in women are unclear, although infection with Epstein-Barr virus and smoking were taken into consideration. The current study investigates relation between smoking and increasing occurrence of MS in women. Method: The female to male ratio (FMR) in smokers of the general population was correlated to FMR in 10 272 (M – 4367, F – 5905) MS patients, who died in the years 1982–2008 in Poland. The ratio of F:M in expected MS patients, who smoked cigarettes and died over 27 years, was also correlated to FMR in smoking general population. Data concerning deceased MS assemblage was received from the Central Statistical Office and information on prevalence of smoking was obtained from the Centre of Oncology in Warsaw. Correlation test by Pearson and linear regression test were used in the study. Results: Annual FMR in 10 272 MS patients was growing in Poland from 1.12 to 1.37 over the years 1982–2008; correlation coefficient r with calendar year was 0.548, p < 0.01. Significant correlation was found between the gender-specific smoking ratio in the general population and the sex-specific ratio in MS assemblage during 27 years: r = 0.595, p = 0.003. Strong correlation was ascertained between the F:M ratio in smoking general population and expected smokers with MS, who died over 3 decades; r = 0.882, p = 0.01-7. The result corresponded to close link between the F:M ratio in MS assemblage and in expected cohort of smokers with MS: r = 0.809, p = 0.01-5. Noteworthy was significant correlation of FMR in expected MS smokers with calendar year (1982–2008): r = 0.794, p < 0.001. Results indicate that the higher was the F:M ratio in cigarette smoking general population, the more increased was the F:M ratio in MS assemblage. Conclusions: The F:M ratio in MS calculated according to year of death increased significantly over 3 decades in Poland. The increasing occurrence of MS in women showed association with F:M smoking proportion in the general population. Growing occurrence of MS in women was at least in part linked with cigarette smoking.

PL

Wprowadzenie: Przyczyny wzrastającego występowania stwardnienia rozsianego (sclerosis multiplex, SM) u kobiet nie są jasne, aczkolwiek brano pod uwagę zakażenie wirusem Epsteina-Barr i palenie papierosów. Przedstawione badanie dotyczy relacji między paleniem papierosów i rosnącą częstością SM u kobiet. Metoda: Wskaźnik K:M (WKM) wśród palaczy w ogólnej populacji skorelowano z WKM 10 272 (M – 4367, K – 5905) chorych z SM w Polsce zmarłych w latach 1982–2008. Badano również korelację między wskaźnikiem płci wśród palaczy w ogólnej populacji i wśród oczekiwanych chorych z SM, którzy palili papierosy i zmarli w ciągu 27 lat. Dane dotyczące zbiorowości z SM otrzymano z Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego, a informację o rozpowszechnieniu palenia papierosów w ogólnej populacji – z Zakładu Epidemiologii Centrum Onkologii w Warszawie. W badaniu zastosowano test Pearsona i test liniowej regresji. Wyniki: Roczny WKM 10 272 chorych zmarłych z SM w Polsce wzrósł z 1,12 do 1,37 (1982–2008); współczynnik korelacji z rokiem kalendarzowym był istotny: r = 0,548, p < 0,01. Stwierdzono znamienną korelację p omiędzy swoistym dla płci WKM wśród palących w ogólnej populacji i wskaźnikiem K:M w zbiorowości z SM w ciągu 27 lat: r = 0,595, p = 0,003. Silną korelację znaleziono między wskaźnikami K:M palaczy papierosów w ogólnej populacji i oczekiwanych chorych na SM, którzy palili papierosy: r = 0,882, p = 0,01-7. Ustalono ścisłą zależność między wskaźnikami K:M w zbiorowości SM i w kohorcie oczekiwanych chorych z SM, którzy palili papierosy: r = 0,809, p = 0,01-5. Obliczono korelację między wskaźnikiem K:M w kohorcie oczekiwanych chorych palących papierosy, którzy zmarli z SM, i kalendarzowym rokiem (1982–2008): r = 0,794, p < 0,001. Wyniki wskazują, że im większa była proporcja K do M palących papierosy w ogólnej populacji, tym liczniejszy był wskaźnik K do M w zbiorowości chorych zmarłych z SM. Wnioski: Wskaźnik K:M w SM obliczony według roku zgonu istotnie wzrósł w Polsce w ciągu trzech dekad. Rosnące występowanie SM u kobiet wykazało asocjację z proporcją K:M palących papierosy w ogólnej populacji. Wzrastające występowanie SM u kobiet przynajmniej w części wiązało się z paleniem papierosów.

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Wzrastające występowanie stwardnienia rozsianego u kobiet ma związek z paleniem papierosów