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2006
|
vol. 1
|
issue 4
392-398
EN
While the season-of-birth effect is one of the most consistent epidemiological features of schizophrenia, there is a lack of consistency with respect to the interaction between season of birth and family history of schizophrenia. Apart from family history, measures related to consanguinity can be used as proxy markers of genomic heterogeneity. Thus, these measures may provide an alternate, indirect index of genetic susceptibility. We had the opportunity to explore the interaction between season of birth and measure of consanguinity in well-described genetic isolates in Daghestan, some of which are known for their relatively high prevalence of schizophrenia. Our previous population-genetic study showed Daghestan has an extremely high genetic diversity between the ethnic populations and a low genetic diversity within them. The isolates selected for this study include some with more than 200 and some with less than 100 generations of demographical history since their founding. Based on pedigrees of multiply-affected families, we found that among individuals with schizophrenia, the measure of consanguinity was significantly higher in the parents of those born in winter/spring compared to those born in summer/autumn. Furthermore, compared to summer/autumn born, winter/spring born individuals with schizophrenia had an earlier age-of-onset, and more prominent auditory hallucinations. Our results suggest that the offspring of consanguineous marriages, and thus those with reduced allelic heterogeneity, may be more susceptible to the environmental factor(s) underpinning the season-of-the effect in schizophrenia.
EN
Introduction: Epilepsy is one of the most common diseases of a nervous system, which often requires emergency treatment, hence the interest of emergency medicine physicians. Aim: Retrospective analysis of medical records from the years 2005–2009 with special emphasis on seasonality and periodic fluctuations in admissions of epilepsy patients to Copernicus Memorial Hospital in Lodz, Poland. Material and methods: Hospital database was searched for age, gender, time and date of admission, duration of hospitalization, type of epilepsy and mortality. Results: Analysis encompassed 2434 patients with epilepsy (982 women, 1452 men), aged 1 month to 97 years (mean age 44.80±19.97 years). Cause of admission was always an epileptic seizure. Onset of attack was mainly in the afternoon (12:00–17:59 – 803 cases, 33%), and from 6:00 a.m. till 11:59 a.m. (775 cases, 32%). Epilepsy-related admissions were most frequent in July (n=233; 10%), January and April (n=228; 9% each month). Conclusions: Onset of epileptic attack was observed most often since 9:00 a.m. thru 10:59 a.m. and in July, possibly indicating seasonality and periodic fluctuations in epilepsy.
PL
Wstęp: Padaczka jest jedną z najczęstszych chorób układu nerwowego. Ze względu na częstość występowania stanowi istotny problem kliniczny z punktu widzenia medycyny ratunkowej. Cel pracy: Analiza retrospektywna przypadków pacjentów leczonych na SOR-ze i innych oddziałach Wojewódzkiego Szpitala Specjalistycznego im. M. Kopernika w Łodzi (WSS im. M. Kopernika w Łodzi) z powodu padaczki w okresie 2005–2009 roku. Materiał i metoda: Analizę przeprowadzono, opierając się na dokumentacji medycznej. Badano takie parametry, jak: wiek i płeć pacjentów, pora dnia i rok przyjęcia do szpitala, rodzaj padaczki, czas hospitalizacji oraz śmiertelność. Wyniki: Oceniono 2434 pacjentów (982 kobiety i 1452 mężczyzn) w przedziale wiekowym od 1 miesiąca do 97 lat (średnia wieku 44,80±19,97 roku), u których przyczyną hospitalizacji był napad padaczki. W ciągu doby najczęściej napady padaczki obserwowano w godzinach popołudniowych (12:00–17:59 – 803 przypadki, 33%), następnie w godzinach przedpołudniowych (6:00–11:59 – 775 przypadków, 32%), w ciągu roku – najczęściej w lipcu (n=233; 10%), następnie w styczniu i kwietniu (n=228; 9% dla każdego miesiąca). Wnioski: W badanej grupie chorych napady padaczkowe odnotowywano najczęściej w godzinach porannych 9:00–10:59 oraz w lipcu. Powyższe wyniki wskazują, że może istnieć sezonowość występowania napadów padaczkowych zarówno w cyklu dobowym, jak i rocznym.
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