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2013
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vol. 60
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issue 4
783-787
EN
Leptin and leptin receptor genes are considered as production traits markers in dairy or beef cattle. The aim of this study was to verify the associations of polymorphisms in bovine LEP and LEPR genes with production and reproduction traits in Slovak Spotted and Pinzgau cows. Long-life production was evaluated: milk, protein, and fat yield and reproduction traits: age at first calving, calving interval, days open, and insemination interval. In total, 296 blood samples of Slovak Spotted and 85 hair roots samples of Pinzgau cows were analyzed. In order to detect LEP/Sau3AI (BTA 4, inron 2) and LEPR/T945M (BTA 3, exon 20) genotypes PCR-RFLP method was used. In Slovak Spotted and Pinzgau cows allele frequencies were 0.838/0.162 and 0.694/0.306 for A and B LEP variants, and 0.954/0.046 and 0.912/0.088 for C and T LEPR variants, respectively. For testing the associations between SNPs LEP/Sau3AI and LEPR/T945M and evaluated traits, the General Linear Model procedure in SAS Software was used. Statistical analysis showed that SNP LEP/Sau3AI significantly affected milk, protein and fat yield (P<0.05), and age at first calving (P<0.01) in analyzed population of cows. Statistically, SNP LEPR/T945M affected significantly calving interval (P<0.01) only. Results of our study suggest that especially leptin is a candidate gene, which influences mainly milk production traits and might be implemented in breeding strategies to improve the production performance of both analyzed cattle breeds.
PL
Tkanka tłuszczowa pełni aktywną funkcję wydzielniczą i uznana jest za największy gruczoł endokrynny organizmu. Adipocyty produkują i wydzielają do krwiobiegu szereg hormonów białkowych zwanych adipokinami, m.in apelinę. Hormon ten jest znanym endogennym ligandem dla receptora APJ. Ekspresję zarówno apeliny jak i jej receptora APJ wykazano w wielu tkankach, takich jak: żołądek, mózg, serce, płuca, macica czy jądra. Rolę apeliny opisano w licznych procesach fizjologicznych, jak również w patofizjologii niektórych chorób metabolicznych. Badania ostatnich lat sugerują, iż apelina reguluje również funkcje rozrodcze samic. W artykule przedstawiono aktualny stan wiedzy na temat poziomu apeliny/APJ w komórkach jajnika zarówno człowieka, jak i wielu gatunków zwierząt, a także opisano jej rolę w regulacji funkcji pęcherzyka jajnikowego i ciałka żółtego. Omówione prace jednoznacznie wskazują, na zależną od badanego gatunku ekspresję apeliny/APJ w różnych strukturach jajnika oraz rolę apeliny w procesie steroidogenezy czy apoptozy, sugerując iż jajnik jest docelową tkanką działania apeliny.
EN
Adipose tissue plays an active secretory function and is considered as the largest endocrine gland of the body. Adipocytes produce and secrete into the bloodstream a number of protein hormones called adipokines, such as apelin. This hormone is a known endogenous ligand for APJ receptor. The expression of both apelin and the APJ receptor has been demonstrated in many tissues such as stomach, brain, heart, lung, uterus or testis. The role of apelin has been described in numerous physiological processes in the body, as well as in the pathophysiology of certain metabolic diseases. Recent studies suggest that apelin also regulates female reproductive functions. The article presents the actual state of knowledge on the level of apelin/APJ in the ovarian cells of both the humans and many animal species, as well as the role of apelin in regulation the ovarian follicle and corpus luteum functions. The presented data clearly indicates, dependent on the species expression of apelin/APJ in various structures of ovary and the role of apelin in steroidogenesis and apoptosis, suggesting that ovary is the target tissue for apelin action.
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