Search results

1

A comparative study of shoulder muscle strength, sense of proprioception and internal/external rotation flexibility between adolescent athletes with and without scapular asymmetry

100%

Akınoğlu B., Kabak B., Balci A., Kocahan T., Hasanoğlu A.

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2020

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vol. 34

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issue 3

1-7

EN

Introduction Scapular asymmetry may affect the biomechanics of the shoulder girdle joints and muscles by changing the contraction angles of the muscles. The purpose of this prospective cohort, matched-controlled study was to compare shoulder muscle strength, proprioception sense and internal/external rotation flexibility between adolescent athletes with and without scapular asymmetry.   Material and methods Nineteen athletes of tennis, fencing, shooting, archery, gymnastics, and badminton branches with left side (non-dominant) scapular asymmetry were included in the study as asymmetry group. Nineteen athletes who have similar gender, sports branch, professional experience, physical characteristics with asymmetry group were included in the study as the control group. Scapular asymmetry was measured using a tape measure with the Lateral Scapular Slide Test. Shoulder horizontal abduction/adduction isokinetic muscle strength and shoulder abduction/adduction isometric muscle strength was tested by an isokinetic dynamometer. The proprioception sense of the glenohumeral joint was evaluated with a digital inclinometer, and the flexibility of the internal and external rotation of the shoulder was evaluated by the flexibility test.   Results There was not any significant difference between the groups in isokinetic muscle strength, isometric muscle strength, and proprioception sense of shoulder (p>0.05). Shoulder internal rotation flexibility of both dominant and non-dominant sides was higher in the asymmetry group than the control group (p<0.05).   Conclusions It was determined that the flexibility of shoulder internal rotation in adolescent athletes with scapular asymmetry was higher than those without asymmetry.

2

The evaluation of the effectiveness of the Functional Movement System concept in improving physical performance and reducing the pain of the Flying Personnel of the Polish Armed Forces

100%

Stanek A., Berwecki A., Bac A., Ridan T.

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2019

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vol. 33

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issue 1

35-42

EN

Introduction Physical performance is considered to be one of the factors which determine the quality of the services provided by the Flying Personnel as their job requires a strong psycho-physical effort. The aim of the study was to evaluate the application of the Functional Movement System concept in improving physical performance and reducing pain. Material and methods The research was carried out on a group of 120 randomly selected representatives of the Flying Personnel of the Polish Armed Forces aged 25 to 52. They were divided into 2 groups: a study group (60 persons) and a control group (60 persons). The research was based on the FMS concept and it was carried out at the beginning and at the end of the 3-weeks-long training camp at the Military Training and Conditioning Center in Zakopane. In addition to the standard training program, the study group performed some extra physical exercises based on the FMS concept. Results The results showed a statistically significant difference between the first and the second test only in the study group. The result increased by an average of 2 points. The pain decreased significantly only in the study group. The confidence interval for the mean number of points in the second measurement was P (15.5 < m < 16.5) = 0.95 and P (14.5 < m < 15.5) = 0.95 in the control group. Conclusions An additional functional training including the elements of the FMS concept, which was provided to the study group, improved functional skills and reduced pain.

3

Evaluation of the Limits of Stability (LOS) Balance Test

100%

Juras G., Słomka K., Fredyk A., Sobota G., Bacik B.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2008

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vol. 19

39-52

EN

The main objective of this study was the estimation of intrasession reliability of the limits of stability (LOS) test conducted on a force platform as an alternative measurement to standard posturography in quiet standing. Fifteen healthy adults took part in the experiment. The standardized measurement protocol of the LOS test was proposed. It consists of three phases - 1st phase - 10s of quiet standing, 2nd phase - the maximal forward leaning in a self paced manner, and 3rd phase - maintenance of maximal forward leaning position. The analysis of variance Friedman's ANOVA and Repeated Measures ANOVA/MANOVA was used to diagnose the differences between 10 consecutive trials of the LOS test. In order to establish reliability of the test, the intraclass correlation (ICC) procedure was used. We presented different ways of maximal center of pressure (COP) excursion estimates. The results of this study show no significant differences between the chosen parameters of the LOS test. Moreover, the measurement of the range of COP excursion, which is most commonly analyzed in such tests, showed to be quite reliable with ICC2,1 above .85. LOS test conducted along the standard procedure should be considered as a very useful method in clinical and research conditions. Still the specific parameters of the LOS test should be given more thorough insight, but it is a very good alternative to quiet standing posturography.

4

Motor development in the first year of life versus trunk rotation angle, lumbo-pelvic-hip complex mobility and joint hypermobility in children aged 3-9

100%

Guzek K., Stępień A., Składowska P., Rekowski W.

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2019

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vol. 33

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issue 3

11-17

EN

Introduction Infancy is the key period in human development. Disorders in the motor development during the first year of life may affect the body posture, motor patterns and functioning in the period of childhood. The study objective was to assess the correlation between motor development in the first year of life and angle of trunk rotation, lumbopelvic- hip complex mobility and occurrence of joint hypermobility in children aged 3-9. Material and methods 120 healthy children aged 3 to 9 participated in the study. The study comprised a questionnaire and a clinical trial. The children in whom the questionnaire revealed abnormal motor development in the first year of life were included in the study group, and the other children were a control group. Then, a physiotherapist assessed the value of the trunk rotation angle with the use of a scoliometer, the lumbopelvic- hip complex mobility with the use of TPHA test, and the occurrence of joint hypermobility with the use of Beigthon test. Results Children with abnormal motor development in the first year of life were characterized by a statistically significantly higher value of the trunk rotation angle in the thoracic section and they had a higher asymmetry of rotational movement of the lumbopelvic- hip complex, as well as higher values in the Beighton test. Conclusions Abnormal motor development in the first year of life is a factor predisposing to increased values of the trunk rotation angle in the thoracic section, asymmetry of rotational movement of the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex, and joint hypermobility. Studies of other factors potentially leading to development of such disorders should be continued. Children with impaired development should be included in programmes of prophylaxis.

5

Evaluation of Postural Asymmetry and Gross Joint Mobility in Elite Female Volleyball Athletes

100%

Vařeková R., Vařeka I., Janura M., Svoboda Z., Elfmark M.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2011

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vol. 29

5-13

EN

The purpose of the study was to evaluate marked postural asymmetry and gross joint mobility in elite female volleyball athletes.Sixty-two Czech and Slovak elite female volleyball athletes (age 20.7±2.03 years, body mass 71.1±6.18 kg, body height 1.804±.0618 m, BMI 21.8±1.78) were examined by an experienced rehabilitation physician. The set of tests included the frontal posture gross examination, the forward bending test from the standing position and the deep squat test. The spiking hand and the presence of any lower extremity injury were estimated by interview. The proportion test, Mann-Whitney test and t-test were used to evaluate statistical significance (p<0.05).Fifty subjects (80.6%) exhibited "typical" frontal plane posture in which the acromion, scapula and the iliac crest were in a higher position on the left side than on the right, significantly more frequently than all the other patterns (proportion test, p<0.0001). Ninety-eight percent of the subjects with the "LLL pattern" preferred the right arm for spiking (proportion test, p<0.0001). Forty-one subjects (66%) exhibited hypermobility in the forward bending test, significantly more frequently than twenty-one subjects (34%) with normal results (proportion test, p=0.0003). Thirty-four subjects (55%) did not succeed in the deep squat test and hypermobility in the forward bending test paradoxically prevailed in them significantly (proportion test, p=0.004). Restriction in the deep squat test was not linked to obesity, age (t-test, p=0.081) nor knee (proportion test, p=0.85) and ankle injury (Mann-Whitney test, p=0.36) in the past. Significant prevalence of hypermobility in the forward bending test was not surprising because of general body composition and the performance of regular stretching exercises in elite female volleyball athletes. On the other hand, surprisingly, more than half of the subjects did not succeed in the deep squat test. The cause of poor results in the deep squat test could be due to the tightness of the soleus muscle suffering from chronic overloading and/or an inappropriate stretching methods. An inappropriate and/or insufficient compensatory exercise and stretching method or system could be the cause of their marked postural asymmetry as well.A detailed examination of posture and muscle imbalance performed by an experienced physician or physiotherapist as well as individually tailored compensatory exercises and a stretching system can be strongly recommended to all elite athletes, not only to volleyball players.

6

INFLUENCE OF FENCING TRAINING (TECHNICAL AND TACTICAL) ON SELECTED FEATURES OF SHAPE OF THE SPINE AND PELVIS UNDER LOAD

88%

Kaiser A., Sokołowski M., Mrozkowiak M.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2017

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vol. 18

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issue 2

33-40

EN

The aim of the research was to assess influence of a 90-minute specialist fencing training on selected features of the spine and pelvis under a vertical load in a group of young competitors. The research was carried out in 2015 among 23 fencers (mean ± SD, age: 16 ±1.20 years; body height: 168.4 ±4.68 cm; body weight: 54.7 ±8.26 kg). The method involved measurement of thirty features, describing spatially pelvis and physiological spinal curvature under a vertical load, constituting 1/3 of the body weight before and after specialist training. Statistically significant disturbances in vertically overstretched posture occurred after the training among examined boys within the following features: increase in length of left side scoliosis, progression of lumbar lordosis and lumbosacral spine, increase of the trunk extension angle and shoulder asymmetry. Among examined girls statistically significant changes occurred only within pelvis area: increase of left pelvic tilt in the coronal plane, decrease of right pelvic tilt in the horizontal plane. Adjustment in deficiencies within hip joints movement, increase pelvis and lower limbs muscle strength in girls’ training is necessary. What is recommended for all competitors is prophylaxis of the spinal pain syndrome and expanding endurance shaping exercises during a training unit.

7

Postural defects in children with cystic fibrosis – preliminary report

88%

Rawo T., Tramś M., Michalski P., Sands D.

Developmental Period Medicine

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2015

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issue 1

114-119

EN

Postural disturbances may cause the worsening of cardiopulmonary function in cystic fibrosis children and adolescents, as well as adversely affect their somatic and psychological development. The aim: Evaluation of postural defects in the population of cystic fibrosis children and adolescents. Material and methods: Physical orthopedic examination of 41 cystic fibrosis patients (20 girls, 21 boys), aged 2-17 years (mean 8.1). The patients were divided into age groups: I under 5 y.o – 8 patients., II 5-9 y.o.− 6 patients, III 9-13 y.o – 11 patients, IV 13 y.o. and older – 16 patients. Postural disorders were divided into two groups. The first group included defects with a possible influence on the respiratory function of a cystic fibrosis patient: scoliosis, spine defects and chest deformities. The second group included lower extremities defects without influence on the function of the respiratory system. Results: Postural as well as chest disorders were observed in 36 (87.8%) of the patients who were examined. Disorders with possible influence on respiratory system function, were observed in 13 (31.7%) of the 41 patients. Increased thoracic kyphosis (round back) was most frequent. In the group of patients aged 5 years and younger neither spinal nor chest abnormalities were observed. In the group of patients aged 5-9 years 1 (16.6%) case of congenital scoliosis and 1 (16.6%) case of plane back were found. In the group of children aged 9-13 years increased thoracic kyphosis was observed in 2 (18.1%) cases, plane back was observed in 2 (18.1%) children as well, while in 1 (9.0%) case increased lumbar lordosis was diagnosed. Barrell chest was observed in 2 (18.1%) cases. In the group of adolescents aged 13 years and more, 4 (25.0%) cases of scoliosis, 16 (100%) cases of increased thoracic kyphosis and 6 (37.5%) cases of barrel chest were observed. Because of the different methods of examination among posture studies of the healthy population, obtaining a control population is difficult. Conclusions: The number of postural defects in children with cystic fibrosis increases with age, and is becoming a significant health problem. It seems that there is a need of a deeper study on a greater population.

PL

Wady postawy mogą prowadzić do pogorszenia funkcji układu oddechowego oraz krążenia u dzieci i młodzieży z mukowiscydozą, a także zaburzać przebieg rozwoju somatycznego jak i psychicznego. Cel: Ocena wad postawy w populacji dzieci i młodzieży z mukowiscydozą. Materiał i metody: Badanie przedmiotowe ortopedyczne 41 pacjentów z mukowiscydozą (20 dziewcząt, 21 chłopców) w wieku 2-17 lat (średnio 8,1). Pacjentów podzielono na następujące grupy wiekowe: I poniżej 5. r.ż. – 8 pacjentów, II 5-9 r.ż. − 6 pacjentów, III 9-13 r.ż. – 11 pacjentów, IV 13 r.ż. i starsi – 16 pacjentów. Natomiast wady postawy podzielono na dwie grupy. Do pierwszej grupy zaliczono wady mające możliwy wpływ na funkcję układu oddechowego u pacjenta z mukowiscydozą: skoliozy, wady kręgosłupa i klatki piersiowej. Do drugiej grupy zaliczono wady kończyn dolnych, nie mające wpływu na funkcję układu oddechowego. Ze względu na fakt, że badania wad postawy u dzieci zdrowych prowadzone były przy użyciu różnych metod, trudno jest wyodrębnić grupę kontrolną. Wyniki: Nieprawidłowości postawy i klatki piersiowej stwierdzono u 36 (87,8%) pacjentów, którzy zostali poddani badaniu. Wady, mogące mieć wpływ na funkcję układu oddechowego wystąpiły u 13 (31,7%) z 41 pacjentów. Zwiększona kifoza piersiowa (plecy okrągłe) występowała najczęściej. W grupie poniżej 5. r.ż. nie stwierdzono odchyleń od normy w zakresie kręgosłupa ani klatki piersiowej. W grupie 5-9 lat stwierdzono 1 (16,6%) przypadek skoliozy wrodzonej oraz 1 (16,6%) przypadek pleców płaskich. W grupie dzieci w wieku 9-13 lat zwiększona kifoza piersiowa została stwierdzona u 2 (18,1%) dzieci, plecy płaskie również u 2 (18,1%), w 1 (9,0%) przypadku rozpoznano zwiększoną lordozę lędźwiową, klatka piersiowa beczkowata wystąpiła w 2 (18,1%) przypadkach. W grupie powyżej 13. r.ż. stwierdzono 4 (25%) przypadki skoliozy, 16 (100%) przypadków zwiększonej kifozy piersiowej oraz 6 (37,5%) przypadków klatki beczkowatej. Wnioski: Liczba wad postawy u dzieci i młodzieży z mukowiscydozą wzrasta wraz z wiekiem, stanowi więc znaczący problem zdrowotny. Wydaje się, iż konieczne jest przeprowadzenie pogłębionych badań na większym materiale.

8

Acute Effects of Hamstring Stretching on Sagittal Spinal Curvatures and Pelvic Tilt

88%

López-Miñarro P., Muyor J., Belmonte F., Alacid F.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2012

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vol. 31

69-78

EN

The aim of this study was to determine acute effects of hamstring stretching in thoracic and lumbar spinal curvatures and pelvic tilt. Fifty-five adults (29.24 ± 7.41 years) were recruited for this study. Subjects performed a hamstring stretching protocol consisting of four exercises. The session consisted of 3 sets of each exercise and subjects held the position for 20 seconds with a 30-second rest period between sets and exercises . Thoracic and lumbar spinal angles and pelvic tilt were measured with a SpinalMouse in relaxed standing, sit-and-reach test and Macrae & Wright position. Hamstring extensibility was determined by active straight leg raise test and sit-and-reach score. All measures were performed before and immediately after the hamstring stretching protocol. Active straight leg raise angle and sit-and-reach score significantly improved immediately after the stretching protocol (p<0.001). Greater anterior pelvic tilt (p<0.001) and lumbar flexion (p<0.05) and a smaller thoracic kyphosis in the sit-and-reach (p<0.001) were found after the stretching protocol. However, stretching produced no significant change on spinal curvatures or pelvic tilt in standing and maximal trunk flexion with knees flexed. In conclusion, static stretching of the hamstring is associated to an immediate change in the sagittal spinal curvatures and pelvic position when performing trunk flexion with knees extended, so that allowing for greater lumbar flexion and anterior pelvic tilt and lower thoracic kyphosis. Hamstring stretching is recommended prior to sport activities involving trunk flexion with the knees straight.

9

Influence of Hamstring Muscles Extensibility on Spinal Curvatures and Pelvic Tilt in Highly Trained Cyclists

88%

Muyor J., Alacid F., López-Miñarro P.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2011

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vol. 29

15-23

EN

The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of hamstring muscles extensibility in standing, maximal trunk flexion with knees extended and on the bicycle in lower handlebar-hands position of highly trained cyclists. Ninety-six cyclists were recruited for the study (mean ± SD, age: 30.36 ± 5.98 years). Sagittal spinal curvatures and pelvic tilt were measured in the standing position, maximal trunk flexion with knees extended (sit-and-reach test) and while sitting on a bicycle in lower handlebar-hand position using a Spinal Mouse system. Hamstring muscles extensibility was determined in both legs by passive straight leg raise test (PSLR). The sample was divided into three groups according to PSLR angle: (1) reduced extensibility (PSLR < 80º; n = 30), (2) moderate hamstring extensibility group (PSLR = 80º; - 90º; n = 35), and (3) high hamstring extensibility (PSLR = > 90º; n = 31). ANOVA analysis showed significant differences among groups for thoracic (p < 0.001) and pelvic tilt (p < 0.001) angles in the sit-andreach test. No differences were found between groups for standing and on the bicycle position. Post hoc analysis showed significant differences in all pairwise comparisons for thoracic angle (p < 0.01) and pelvic angle (p < 0.001) in the sit-and-reach test. No differences were found in lumbar angle in any posture. In conclusion, the hamstring muscles extensibility influence the thoracic and pelvic postures when maximal trunk flexion with knees extended is performed, but not when cyclists are seated on their bicycles

10

Perceived changes in the university students' health behavior after participating in the study on wearing high-heeled shoes

75%

Gajdos M., Jandova S., Lenkova R., Vadasova B., Cuj J., Mikulakova W., Nechvatal P.

Physical Activity Review

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2020

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vol. 1

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issue 8

104-112

EN

Wearing high-heeled shoes (HH) is a wide-spread practice among Western women, maintaining popularity despite its harmful potential. We examined the main motivation behind wearing HH in female students, as well as the possible change to wearing HH among the research participants. Methods: Thirty university students (N=30 females, age 21.8±2.09 years; weight: 55.7±4.05 kg, height: 1.66±0.03 m, BMI: 20.34±1.41 kg.m-2, shoe size: EU 36-38), who rarely wore HH. The participants wore HH for no longer than 6 hours per month during the period two past years. The SonoSens Monitor Analyzer system (Gefremed, Chemnitz, Germany) was used to observe participants' posture when walking and movements in individual sections of their spines. In a comparative experiment, the correlation between variables recorded when walking in two types of shoes was identified. The first pair of shoes (HH) had 7 cm heels whereas the second were flat sport shoes (FS). Results: The evaluation of participants' spines and posture when walking in HH and FS revealed significant differences (p < 0.05). The evaluation of the initial and follow-up surveys indicates that the main motivation for wearing HH among the test group was to increase their attractiveness and respond to social expectations. After participating in the research and becoming aware of its outcomes and issues, the test group's attitude to wearing HH has changed. Conclusions: In regards to good posture and spinal health, this study has raised some awareness amongst its participants, and has therefore proved to be a significant positive influence.

11

Assessment of postural disorders in women after radical mastectomy followed by immediate breast reconstruction

75%

Bąk M., Cieśla S.

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2009

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vol. 17

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issue 1

30-37

PL

Leczenie chirurgiczne raka piersi zmierza do minimalizacji urazu operacyjnego przy zachowaniu pełnej skutecz-ności onkologicznej. Pomimo to w wyniku leczenia dochodzi do zaburzeń w postawie ciała. W przypadkach kiedy niezbędna jest radykalna mastektomia, w Polsce coraz częściej stosuje się amputację z jednoczasową rekonstrukcją ekspandero-protezą Becker. Celem pracy jest ocena zaburzeń postawy ciała kobiet po mastektomii z jednoczasową rekonstrukcją piersi protezą Becker-25 oraz porównanie z postawą kobiet po mastektomii. Badaniami objęto 80 kobiet po mastektomii - u 40 kobiet wykonano amputację radykalną piersi z rekonstrukcją piersi, a u 40 amputację radykalną z jednoczasową rekonstrukcją piersi ekspandero-protezą Becker-25. Grupę kontrolną stano-wiło 40 kobiet nie leczonych z powodu raka piersi. Postawę ciała oceniano przy użyciu aparatury do komputerowej fotogrametrycznej oceny postawy. U kobiet po mastektomii badania te przeprowadzono sześć miesięcy po ope-racji. Zanotowano większe zaburzenia postawy ciała w płaszczyźnie czołowej kobiet po mastektomii w porówna-niu z kobietami po jednoczasowej rekonstrukcją piersi. Zmiany te dotyczyły położenia łopatek, barków, miednicy, różnicy szerokości trójkątów talii, nachylenia tułowia i odchylenia linii wyrostków kolczystych od pionu. Różnice te (poza wysokością trójkątów talii) okazały się statystycznie istotne. Kobiety po mastektomii bardziej pochylały się do przodu. Nie stwierdzono statystycznie istotnej różnicy wartości analizowanych zmiennych pomiędzy kobietami po rekonstrukcji a kobietami zdrowymi. Jedynie wartości kąte nachylenia miednicy stanowiły statystycznie istotną różnicę. Uzyskane wyniki badań pozwalają stwierdzić, że zastosowana jednoczasowa rekonstrukcja po amputacji piersi pozwala zmniejszyć niekorzystne zmiany postawy ciała kobiet leczonych z powodu raka piersi.

EN

Surgical treatment of breast cancer aims at minimizing of post-operative trauma, while maintaining full oncological effectiveness at the same time. Despite that, women operated due to breast cancer often suffer from postural disorders. In Poland, in the cases, when radical mastectomy is required, the operation is often followed by immediate breast reconstruction using Becker permanent expander prosthesis.The aims of this study are the assessment of postural disorders in women after mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction using Becker-25 prosthesis and comparison of the research group with other women after mastectomy. The research was conducted on 80 women - 40 women were subjected to radical mastectomy and breast reconstruction and the other 40 women underwent radical mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction using Becker-25 prosthesis. The control group consisted of 40 women, who had not been treated due to breast cancer. Posture was assessed by means of computerized photogrammetry. In women after mastectomy, posture was evaluated 6 months after the surgery. Larger postural disorders in the frontal plane were observed in women who had been subjected to mastectomy and breast reconstruction. Those changes concerned the placement of shoulder blades, shoulders, pelvis, waist triangles height, trunk inclination and deviation of the spinous process line from the vertical axis of the body. Those differences (apart from the waist triangles height) turned out to be statistically significant. Women after mastectomy tended more to lean forward in comparison to women with Becker-25 prosthesis. There were no significant differences of the analysed parameters between women after breast reconstruction and the healthy women, apart from the pelvis inclination angle. Findings allow one to state that the applied immediate breast reconstruction helps reduce the negative postural changes in women operated for breast cancer.

12

Sagittal Spinal and Pelvic Postures of Highly-Trained Young Canoeists

75%

López-Miñarro P., Muyor J., Alacid F.

Journal of Human Kinetics

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2011

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vol. 29

41-48

EN

The objective of this study was to determine the sagittal spinal curvatures and pelvic position in standing and kneeling in the canoe in young canoeists. Forty-four young highly-trained canoeists (mean age: 15.11 ± 0.61 years) were recruited. Thoracic and lumbar curvatures and pelvic inclination were evaluated with a Spinal Mouse system in standing position and in the base position (kneeling on one knee in the canoe) and catch phase of the stroke. The mean thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis and pelvic inclination in standing were 44.66 ± 8.80º, -30.34 ± 8.31º, and 14.20 ± 7.32º, respectively. In the canoe, the thoracic, lumbar and pelvic angles were 39.66 ± 9.52º, -24.32 ± 6.79º, and 15.18 ± 4.34º, respectively, for the base position (p<0.001 with respect to standing, except for pelvic inclination), and 28.93 ± 10.45º, -13.45 ± 10.60º, and 37.61 ± 6.27º, respectively, for the catch phase of the stroke (p<0.001 with respect to standing and base position). A higher percentage of hyperkyphotic postures in standing than in the canoe was found, while thoracic hypokyphosis increased in the catch phase of the stroke. In regards to the lumbar curve, the percentage of hypolordosis postures in the base position was higher than when standing. Lumbar kyphotic postures were detected in the catch phase of the stroke. In conclusion, the standing thoracic hyperkyphosis in young canoeists may be related to factors other than the posture and movement in the canoe. The canoeists adopted a lumbar flexed posture at the catch phase of the stroke, although this position may not affect the sagittal configuration of lumbar spine in standing. Postural training should be included in the training program of canoeists to improve the thoracic posture in the standing position.

13

Porównanie skuteczności technik mięśniowo-powięziowych i masażu klasycznego u osób z zespołem skrzyżowania górnego (doniesienie wstępne)

63%

Łukasik E., Targosiński P., Szymański M., Letkiewicz-Ryłów O., Styczeń P., Wychowański M.

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2017

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vol. 31

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issue 2

53-67

EN

Introduction Upper crossed syndrome is a postural syndrome, with myofascial and functional imbalance within the shoulder girdle and the cervical spine. The therapy usually includes myofascial techniques or massage. The aim of this work was to indicate which of these forms of therapy is more effective in terms of myofascial release. Material and methods The study group consisted of 18 individuals (12 females and 6 males) with upper crossed syndrome who were randomly assigned to one of the two groups. In group 1 (8 females, 1 male), rehabilitation protocol involved myofascial techniques, while in group 2 (4 females, 5 males), massage was performed. In both groups, the therapy consisted of five 30-minute daily sessions. Prior to the therapy, on the 1st and the 5th day of the therapy immediately after the intervention as well as 14 days after the therapy completion, suprasternale height was measured and the cervical spine mobility was examined. Results It was revealed that both forms of the therapy resulted in an increase in the range of motion of the cervical spine, particularly in the case of the right flexion and right rotation. Effects were still present two weeks after the therapy. After 5 days of rehabilitation, both forms of the therapy led to a significant increase in suprasternale height (p<0.05). Conclusions Both myofascial techniques and massage result in an increase in the cervical spine and chest mobility in the longitudinal dimension in persons with upper crossed syndrome.

PL

Wstęp Zespół skrzyżowania górnego to zespół posturalny, w którym występuje nierównowaga strukturalna mięśniowo-powięziowa oraz funkcjonalna w obrębie obręczy barkowej i odcinka szyjnego kręgosłupa. Terapia w tym przypadku polega najczęściej na zastosowaniu techniki mięśniowo-powięziowych bądź masażu klasycznego. Celem pracy było wskazanie, która spośród wskazanych form terapii wykazuje większą skuteczność w rozluźnianiu kompleksu mięśniowo-powięziowego. Materiał i metody Grupę badaną stanowiło 18 osób (12 kobiet, 6 mężczyzn) z zespołem skrzyżowania górnego, które w sposób losowy zostały przydzielone do jednej z dwóch grup. W Grupie I (8 kobiet, 1 mężczyzna) przeprowadzono rehabilitację za pomocą technik mięśniowo-powięziowych, zaś w Grupie II (4 kobiety, 5 mężczyzn) zastosowano masaż klasyczny. Terapia składała się z pięciu 30 minutowych sesji, odbywających się codziennie, przez 5 dni. Przed terapią, 1 dnia i 5 dnia bezpośrednio po terapii oraz 14 dnia od zakończenia terapii, zbadano wysokość punktu suprasternale klatki piersiowej ruchomość odcinka szyjnego kręgosłupa. Wyniki Wykazano, że obie formy terapii wpływają na zwiększenie zakresu ruchu odcinka szyjnego kręgosłupa, w szczególności skłonu bocznego w prawo oraz rotacji w prawo. Uzyskane efekty występowały również 2 tygodnie od zakończenia terapii. Po 5 dniach usprawniania, obie formy terapii wpłynęły na znamienne zwiększenie wysokości suprasternale.(p<0,05). Wnioski Zarówno techniki mięśniowo-powięziowe, jak i masaż klasyczny wpływają na zwiększenie ruchomości odcinka szyjnego kręgosłupa oraz poprawę ruchomości klatki piersiowej w wymiarze długościowym u osób z zespołem skrzyżowania górnego.

14

Quality of body posture in first and six grade students of musical primary school

63%

Jankowicz-Szymańska A., Pałucka M., Mikołajczyk E.

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2009

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vol. 17

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issue 1

20-29

PL

Cel pracy: U około 65% młodzieży szkolnej w Polsce diagnozuje się odchylenia od wzorca postawy prawidłowej. Autorki zwracają uwagę na rolę nauczyciela wychowania fizycznego w rozpoznawaniu wad postawy i procesie ich korekcji. Celem badań jest ocena postawy ciała uczniów I i VI klasy podstawowej szkoły muzycznej i określenie zależności pomiędzy jakością tej postawy a rodzajem wykonawstwa muzycznego. Materiał i metody: Badaniami objęto 53 uczniów, w tym 28 pierwszo- i 25 szóstoklasistów (27 dziewcząt i 26 chłopców). Dzieci podzielono na dwie grupy: pierwszą stanowili uczniowie grający na instrumencie symetrycznie obciążającym narząd ruchu, a drugą grający na instrumentach asymetrycznych. Wszystkie dzieci poddane zostały wzrokowej analizie postawy ciała. Zanotowano także wzrost i masę ciała badanych, a ponadto przeprowadzono krótką ankietę. Wyniki: Budowa somatyczna dziewcząt i chłopców w obu przedziałach wiekowych nie wykazała różnic istotnych statystycznie. Odsetek występowania wad postawy bytł bardzo wysoki. Niemal połowa uczniów charakteryzowała się odchyleniami od prawidłowego ustawienia kręgosłupa w płaszczyźnie strzałkowej. Jeszcze częstsze były asymetrie poszczególnych segmentów ciała w płaszczyźnie czołowej. Nieprawidłowości te nasilały się z wiekiem. U dzieci grających na instrumentach symetrycznie angażujących narząd ruchu przeważały wady w płaszczyźnie strzałkowej, a u grających na instrumentach asymetrycznych - w płaszczyźnie czołowej. Wnioski: Wśród uczniów szkoły muzycznej wady postawy ciała są zjawiskiem powszechnym. Technika wykonawstwa muzycznego, związana z rodzajem instrumentu, wpływa na jakość postawy ciała dziewcząt i chłopców. Jakość postawy ciała pogarsza się w miarę upływu czasu poświęconego na grę na instrumencie muzycznym. Nauczyciel wychowania fizycznego powinien szczególnie starannie obserwować dzieci w celu wczesnego wykrycia odchyleń od postawy prawidłowej i podjęcia działań kompensacyjnych.

EN

Introduction and Aims: Postural defects as well as treatment and prevention methods are very popular topics of discussion nowadays. However, the research shows that 65% of school youths in Poland are diagnosed with postural defects. In the presented paper the authors draw attention to the role of physical education teachers in recognizing postural defects and in the corrective process. The aim of the research was to evaluate the posture of the first and sixth grade students of Primary Musical School and to determine the interdependence between the quality of posture and musical activities the students participate in.

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Quality of body posture in first and six grade students of musical primary school