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1

Surface structure changes of pathological placenta tissue observed using scanning electron microscopy - a pilot study

100%

Bobiński R., Pielesz A., Waksmańska W., Sarna E., Ulman-Włodarz I., Kania J., Mikulska M., Turbiarz A.

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2017

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vol. 64

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issue 3

533-535

EN

Structural changes within the placenta are observed in the course of pathological pregnancy. The aim of the study was to perform initial assessment of morphological features of placenta. The analysis was conducted by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Samples of placenta of women who delivered neonates appropriate for gestational age were characterized by a homogenous surface texture with natural corrugation. The surface of IUGR placenta from the group of mothers with pregnancy induced hypertension was definitely heterogeneous - noticeable swelling of tissue surface was observed. Samples from LGA group also demonstrated a number of surface bulges and heterogeneities which were, nonetheless, characterized by a certain repeatability.

2

Isoenzymes of N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase in complicated pregnancy

100%

Arciuch L. P., Bielecki D., Borzym M., Południewski G., Arciszewki K., Różański A., Zwierz K.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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1999

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vol. 46

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issue 4

977-983

EN

The activity of N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase was found to be significantly higher in the placentas collected after delivery from women in puerperium with symptoms of prolonged pregnancy or complicated by EPH gestosis, than in placentas from normal pregnancy. Isoelectrofocusing of placenta homogenates showed the presence of isoenzymes A, P and B of N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase. Different isoenzyme A patterns in homogenates were observed in placentas obtained from normal and prolonged pregnancies and in those complicated by EPH gestosis.

3

Partial characterization of human choriocarcinoma cell line JAR cells in regard to oxidative stress.

75%

Hallmann A., Klimek J., Masaoka M., Kamiński M., Kędzior J., Majczak A., Niemczyk E., Woźniak M., Trzonkowski P., Wakabayashi T.

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vol. 51

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issue 4

1023-1038

EN

Characterization of free radical-induced cell injury processes of placenta cells is of vital importance for clinical medicine for the maintenance of intrauterine fetal life. The present study has analyzed cell injury processes in cells of the choriocarcinoma cell line JAR treated with menadione, an anticancer drug, and Hg2O2 in comparison to osteosarcoma 143B cells using electron microscopic and flow cytometric techniques. Flow cytometry on JAR cells exposed to 100 μM menadione and double-stained with Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) detected apoptotic cells reaching the maximum after 4 h of incubation with a rapid decrease thereafter. Viable cells became decreased to 46% of the control after 2 h of incubation, reaching 5% after 4 h. Cells stainable with both Annexin V and PI began to increase distinctly after 2 h of incubation, reaching 55% after 4 h. Electron microscopy showed that cells stainable with both dyes specified above had condensed nuclei and swollen cytoplasm, suggesting that they were undergoing a switch of the cell death mode from apoptosis to necrosis. On the other hand, 90% of 143B cells remained intact after 4 h of menadione treatment although the intracellular levels of superoxide were always higher than those of JAR cells treated with the drug. In contrast, JAR cells were more resistant than 143B cells to H2O2-induced cytotoxicity. These results may suggest that cytotoxicity of menadione cannot be explained simply by oxygen free radicals generated from the drug. The resistance of JAR cells to oxygen free radical-induced cytotoxicity may be advantageous for intrauterine fetal life.

4

Monooksygenazy zależne od cytochromu P-450 oraz enzymy II fazy przemian ksenobiotykow w łożysku

63%

Włoch S.

Annales Academiae Medicae Silesiensis

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2009

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vol. 63

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issue 2

78-84

EN

The fi rst part of this paper contains the discussion of the organization of the basic P-450 cytochrome-dependent monooxygenases including the functional diff erences resulting from their location in the microsomal and mitochondrial fractions, the basic stages of the pertinent metabolic changes, and also, the mechanisms of induction of the Cyp.-450 in the families 1,2,3 and 4. In the next part, the current state of knowledge on monooxygenases in the placental cells has been presented. Attention has been drawn to the fact that despite the low contents of both mRNA and CYP-450 protein in the families 1,2,3 and 4 in syncytiotrophoblast cells at the level of just several percent hepatocytes, this system may perform an important role in the release of indirect toxic metabolites , thus posing threat to the lives of either the embryo or the fetus, particularly in the fi rst trimester of pregnancy. These risks substantially increase in situations where the pregnant woman has had contact with medicines, alcohol, narcotics or tobacco smoke, which are found to be eff ective CYP-450 inducers or inhibitors. In the fi nal part, the activity of Phase II xenobiotic metabolism enzymes in the placenta has been discussed, including UDP-gluconylotransferase, 5-glutation transferase, and sulfotransferases.

PL

W części pierwszej omówiono organizację podstawowych ogniw monooksygenaz zależnych od cytochromu P-450, różnice funkcjonalne wynikające z ich posadowienia we frakcji mikrosomalnej i mitochondrialnej komórek, podstawowe etapy realizowanych przemian, a także mechanizmy indukcji rodziny 1,2,3 i 4 CYP.-450. Następnie przedstawiono aktualny stan wiedzy na temat monooksygenaz w komórkach łożyska. Zwrócono uwagę, iż pomimo niskich zawartości mRNA i białka CYP-450 rodziny 1,2 oraz 3 w komórkach syncytiotrofoblastu na poziomie zaledwie kilkuprocentowym hepatocytów, układ ten może spełniać ważną rolę w uwalnianiu toksycznych metabolitów pośrednich, stwarzając zagrożenie dla zdrowia i rozwoju zarodka oraz płodu, zwłaszcza w I trymestrze ciąży. Owe zagrożenia zdecydowanie wzrastają w warunkach kontaktu ciężarnej kobiety z lekami, dymem papierosowym, alkoholem, narkotykami, które są efektywnymi induktorami lub inhibitorami CYP-450. Omówiono także aktywność w łożysku enzymów II fazy przemian ksenobiotyków, w tym: UDP-glukonylotransferazy, transferazy S-glutationowej i sufotransferaz.

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1 Włoch S.

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Surface structure changes of pathological placenta tissue observed using scanning electron microscopy - a pilot study

Isoenzymes of N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase in complicated pregnancy

Partial characterization of human choriocarcinoma cell line JAR cells in regard to oxidative stress.

Monooksygenazy zależne od cytochromu P-450 oraz enzymy II fazy przemian ksenobiotykow w łożysku