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Food-drug interactions can have a significant impact on the efficacy of pharmacological treatment and the adverse effect profiles of many treatments. Interactions are not necessarily harmful to therapy, but they can be employed to promote drug absorption or reduce side effects in some circumstances. Drug interactions with grapefruit juice, in particular, have gotten a lot of attention recently. As new drugs are approved at a faster rate, there is less information accessible concerning their side effects and interactions once they hit the market. The use of herbal medicines and dietary supplements is a second source of worry. These items are not subjected to rigorous testing and may contain little or no of the ingredient listed on the label. Some of the herbs utilized have the potential to interact negatively with prescription medications. Mahuang (ephedra) and fever few are two noteworthy examples. Mahuang is a stimulant that can lead to hypertension in those who are on monoamine oxidase inhibitors. Fever fever has anticoagulant qualities that can help warfarin work better. The majority of food-drug interactions occur due to one of three mechanisms: decreased absorption rate or extent, enhanced absorption rate or extent, or chemical/pharmacologic effects. Acid-labile medicines, such as penicillin G, ampicillin, and dicloxacillin, are destroyed when there is an increase in stomach acid. In other circumstances, dietary components like calcium or iron may create compounds with the medicine that make it harder to absorb. Tetracycline, sodium fluoride, and ciprofloxacin are some examples. Food, calcium, and practically everything, including orange juice and coffee, interfere with lendronate absorption. The exact process through which food interferes with absorption is unknown in many circumstances. The area under the curve (AUC) may be comparable regardless of how the drug is administered; delayed absorption does not always diminish total overall exposure to the drug.
EN
Pharmaceuticals are long-lasting, biologically active substances that, when discharged into the natural environment, affect ecosystem stability. The presence of increasing amounts of pharmaceuticals and their transformation products in the environment has been a subject of growing interest. Many of the commonly used pharmaceuticals, especially analgesics and antibiotics, are used in quantities similar to those of agricultural chemicals, but are not required to undergo the same level of environmental risk assessment. The fate and behavior of medicines in the environment require further research. Human and veterinary pharmaceuticals and their metabolites are distributed in the environment in various ways. The incidence of medicines and their transformation products has been so far recorded in surface and ground waters, drinking water, bottom sediments, soils, wastewater and sewage sludge, as well as in animal organisms. The article presents issues related to the fate and behavior of pharmaceuticals both in the environment and in the processes of wastewater treatment, ecotoxicology and risk assessment.
EN
Our concern in this paper is to review four kinds of mesoporous silica materials which can be used as potential sorbents for pharmaceuticals. It is known that a continuous development of science, medicine and food industry has an effect on contamination of the natural environment. Moreover, many impurities, such as drugs, vitamins or proteins etc., which get into environment from urban and hospital wastes, can also influence on human organisms. Thus, there is a need to control an amount of those compounds, especially in the natural waters and wastewaters [1-4]. In this work, we present four types of silica materials which can be helpful in water purification by using adsorption process.
EN
The off-label use of medicinal products raises many interpretation-related issues, not only among physicians, but also pharmacists and lawyers. The use of drugs in a manner other than that specified in the Summary of Product Characteristics is not regulated by Polish law. The authors’ goal is to discuss the topic mainly from the practical perspective, while also considering its theoretical aspects, and to identify systemic solutions to several problems, that are extremely important for the proper functioning of the entire healthcare system. The paper highlights that there is a fine line between experimental medicinal practices and those that are in keeping with current medical knowledge.
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